View clinical trials related to Acute Myocardial Infarction.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to compare circadian variability of antiplatelet effect of prasugrel and ticagrelor maintenance doses during the initial days after acute myocardial infarction.
In acute myocardial infarction, early restoration of epicardial and myocardial blood flow is of paramount importance to limit infarction size and create optimum conditions for favourable long-term outcome. Currently, restoration of epicardial blood flow is preferably and effectively obtained by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). After opening the occluded artery, however, the reperfusion process itself causes damage to the myocardium, the so called "reperfusion injury". The phenomenon of reperfusion injury is incompletely understood and currently there is no established therapy for preventing it. Contributory factors are intramyocardial edema with compression of the microvasculature, oxidative stress, calcium overload, mitochondrial transition pore opening, micro embolization, neutrophil plugging and hyper contracture. This results in myocardial stunning, reperfusion arrhythmias and ongoing myocardial necrosis. There is general agreement that a large part of the cell death caused by myocardial reperfusion injury occurs during the first few minutes of reperfusion, and that early treatment is required to prevent it. Myocardial hypothermia may attenuate the pathological mechanisms mentioned above. However, limited data are available on the beneficial effects of hypothermia to protect the myocardium from reperfusion damage. In animals, several studies demonstrated a protective effect of hypothermia on the infarction area. This effect was only noted when hypothermia was established before reperfusion. Hypothermia is therefore thought to attenuate several damaging acute reperfusion processes such as oxidative stress, release of cytokines and development of interstitial or cellular edema. Furthermore, it has been shown that induced hypothermia resulted in increased ATP-preservation in the ischemic myocardium compared to normothermia. The intracoronary use of hypothermia by infused cold saline in pigs was demonstrated to be safe by Otake et al. In their study, saline of 4°C was used without complications (such as vasospasm, hemodynamic instability or bradycardia) and it even attenuated ventricular arrhythmia significantly. Studies in humans, however, have not been able to confirm this effect, which is believed to be mainly due to the fact that the therapeutic temperature could not reached before reperfusion in the majority of patients or not achieved at all. Furthermore, in these studies it was intended to induce total body hypothermia, which in turn may lead to systemic reactions such as shivering and enhanced adrenergic state often requiring sedatives, which may necessitate artificial ventilation. In fact, up to now any attempt to achieve therapeutic myocardial hypothermia in humans with myocardial infarction, is fundamentally limited because of four reasons: 1. Inability to cool the myocardium timely, i.e. before reperfusion 2. Inability to cool the diseased myocardium selectively 3. Inability to achieve an adequate decrease of temperature quick enough 4. Inability to achieve an adequate decrease of temperature large enough Consequently, every attempt to achieve effective hypothermia in ST-segment myocardial infarction in humans has been severely hampered and was inadequate. In the last two years, the investigators have developed a methodology overcoming all of the limitations mentioned above. At first, the investigators have tested that methodology in isolated beating pig hearts with coronary artery occlusion and next, the investigators have tested the safety and feasibility of this methodology in humans. Therefore, the time has come to perform a proof-of-principle study in humans, which is the subject of this protocol.
The aim is to examine the expression of αvβ3 integrin using a novel selective radiotracer in patients with myocardial infarction and investigate if it is a suitable tool for predicting myocardial recovery and thus prognosis.
Approx. 65% of resuscitated patients at the intensive care unit for internal medicine are due to myocardial infarction. Almost all patients are initially diagnosed and treated in the cath lab. Therapy usually consists of one or more stent implantations. After implantation of a coronary stent, dual platelet inhibition is necessary for 12 months. Insufficient platelet inhibition causes an pronounced increase in risk of stent thrombosis. Therefore, secured inhibition and knowledge of the individual platelet function is valuable.
In acute myocardial infarction, early restoration of blood flow to the jeopardized myocardium is of paramount importance to limit infarct size and to improve long term outcome. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) is the treatment of choice in these patients. Despite achievement of adequate epicardial coronary artery reperfusion in many patients, transient or persistent myocardial microvascular dysfunction is often present, also referred to as the no-reflow phenomenon. This microvascular dysfunction and the time course during which it recovers, is most likely also related to long term outcome. If microvascular reperfusion is still limited immediately after myocardial infarction but recovers quickly in the days thereafter, this might be beneficial for long term prognosis. Several treatments have been suggested to limit microvascular injury and to improve microvascular reperfusion in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (such as intra-aortic balloon pumping, glycoprotein IIB/IIIA inhibitors, adenosine, verapamil, nitroglycerine, cyclosporine, or gap-junction-inhibitors), but it has been difficult to assess the effect of such treatment due to the simple fact that no methodology has been available for quantitative assessment of the microcirculation of the heart. Assessment of microvascular perfusion and function has been very difficult so far and has been hampered by a number of methodological and technical shortcomings. Measurement of absolute blood flow in the infarcted area and true quantitative calculation of absolute resistance in acute myocardial infarction, has been introduced in the last years using a technique with thermodilution and continuous infusion of small amounts of saline. This technique offers the possibility to study the course of microvascular (dys)function after acute myocardial infarction with potentially important implications for treatment at follow-up. Technical performance of such measurements was difficult so far because of a complex instrumentation and the necessity of additional administration of intravenous adenosine. In the last 2 years, this technique has been largely simplified by the introduction of a new multipurpose monorail infusion catheter (RayFlow ®, Hexacath, Paris) and the observation that saline infusion of 15-20 ml/min in itself already ensures maximum coronary hyperemia. Finally, easy to handle software has been developed for online interpretation of such measurements. Consequently, measurement of absolute blood flow and myocardial resistance has become easy to perform now and the complete measurements only take a few minutes in addition to a regular PPCI or Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) measurement. The measurements are absolutely safe, reproducible, only a small amount of saline (100 ml at room temperature) is needed, no additional medication is necessary, the patient doesn't experience any discomfort of the measurement and the measurements can be repeated multiple times within minutes. Therefore, a window is opened for further examination and quantitative assessment of the microcirculation of the heart. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate changes in myocardial resistance over time in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients, both in the early stage and the subacute phase. Furthermore, the course of such changes and recovery of the microcirculation will be correlated to long-term outcome as assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) measurements and final infarct size. It is hypothesized that patients can be divided into 3 groups: A. Patients with an (almost) normal resistance and flow immediately after PPCI B. Patients with still elevated resistance and decreased flow immediately after PPCI, but (partial) recovery in the next days C. Patients with elevated resistance and decreased flow immediately after PPCI which do not recover at all. The investigators would like to evaluate changes in microvascular resistance of the infarcted area in the first hour after ST-elevation myocardial infarction and during the recovery period (<5 days). Classify patients according to recovery of microvascular resistance and relate the (recovery of) microvascular resistance to outcome and preservation of left ventricular function (with MRI, echo and clinical follow-up at 1 year).
Psychological processes play a complex role in the pathophysiology of many diseases. However, the body and emotional perception of patients and the relationship between dreams and disease still need to be investigated. The investigators planned an observational and controlled research aimed at assessing some previously unaddressed baseline psychological characteristics and their changes at 1 and 5 years after a short-term psychotherapy in carefully characterised patients with heart or oncologic diseases . The patients that will be enrolled are: - 50 patients ≤ 75 year old with acute myocardial infarction; - 30 patients ≤ 75 year old with Tako-Tsubo syndrome; - 50 women ≤ 75 year old, recently operated on breast cancer: - 90 control subjects of the same age and gender of the enrolled patients, without relevant pathologies during the last 10 years. Relevant pathologies are defined as those that required a hospitalisation or a long-lasting medical therapy. At the enrolment all the subjects will undergo a complete medical evaluation, and the following psychometric tests: Self-evaluation test, Social Support Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI II), MacNew Heart Disease Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI 2). In two distinct following meetings, an open questionnaire exploring the body and emotional perception, and another exploring past and recent dreams, will be administered. The same evaluation will be done for the healthy subjects. After the initial evaluation, all the patients will be given the choice to start a short-term psychotherapy lasting 6 months on top of medical therapy or to continue classic medical therapy only. Healthy subjects will be not offered the possibility to follow psychotherapy. At first year of follow-up, the battery of psychometric test, and the two questionnaires exploring the body and emotional perception, and changes and characteristics of dreams during the psychotherapy, will be re-administered. The following data will be evaluated: Psychological characteristics at follow-up. Incidence of new relevant medical events Quality of life Relationship between psychological characteristics and health status, and quality of life At 5 year follow-up psychometric tests and the clinical data will be evaluated in all the groups.
The innovation in this preliminary study is the use of message reminders in patients after myocardial infarction in stage I of rehabilitation (ie discharge from hospital) at home via SMS, compared with studies of patients undergoing cardiac rehabilitation (stage II)in the hospital physiotherapy department.
A multi-center study will be done to explore the optimal regimen of antithrombotic therapy for acute myocardial infarction with left ventricular mural thrombus. The investigators will evaluate the different combinations of antiplatelet drugs and anticoagulants for at least one month, such as aspirin 100mg qd+clopidogrel 75mg qd+warfarin (INR1.8-2.2), aspirin 100mg qd+clopidogrel 75mg qd+dabigatran 110mg bid, aspirin 100mg qd+ticagrelor 60mg bid+warfarin (INR1.8-2.2), and aspirin 100mg qd+ticagrelor 60mg bid+dabigatran 110mg bid. Transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography will be done at the 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-ups to evaluate the left ventricular mural thrombus and determinate whether the antithrombotic therapy regimen could be regulated to double antiplatelet or anticoagulant+clopidogrel 75mg qd/ticagrelor 60mg bid. Then the investigators will complete the 12-month follow-up to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the optimal antithrombotic therapy regimen for acute myocardial infarction with left ventricular mural thrombus.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of VM202RY injected via transendocardial route using C-Cathez® catheter (Celyad, S.A., Belgium) in subjects with AMI. - Stage 1: Evaluation of safety and tolerability of VM202RY injection - Stage 2: Evaluation of safety and efficacy of VM202RY injection
Thoracic pain can be caused by a life threatening disease as for instance a heart attack. Fast diagnosis and treatment is necessary for an advantageous clinical outcome. When a patient enters the emergency unit, an electrocardiogram (ECG) can diagnose a heart attack by recording the electrical activity of the patients' heart. However, an increasing number of patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are presenting without significant abnormalities on ECG In the latter group, diagnosis is dependent of elevated biochemical markers of myocardiocyte necrosis in the blood such as troponin. Generally, troponins are determined in blood and are analyzed by radiometry or at the hospital's laboratory. Time loss in the acquisition of troponin levels can occur during the workflow due to blood sampling difficulties, transport of the blood samples, processing in the laboratory, and processes inherent to the measuring assays. Roche developed a portable point-of-care (POC) device that determines troponin-T in a few minutes by using small volumes of the patient's blood with the added value that this device can be used in a pre-hospital setting which might save a significant amount of time in determining troponin levels.In this way, a faster diagnosis of AMI can be made improving patients' outcome.