View clinical trials related to Vasodilation.
Filter by:Aging and obesity are both risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). One process that links both of these conditions to CVD is vascular dysfunction. Data from animal studies indicate that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress may play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction in aging and obesity. Therefore, the goal of this study is to investigate the relative contributions of aging and obesity on vascular dysfunction and ER stress. Additionally, this study will determine if taking an oral supplement for 8 weeks will improve vascular dysfunction and ER stress. Results from this study have the potential to identify a safe treatment option for improving vascular function in aging and obese populations.
The overall goal of this study is to address fundamental questions regarding how the molecule acetylcholine interacts with the sympathetic nervous system to regulate blood flow and oxygen delivery to working skeletal muscle in young and older adults. With advancing age, blood vessels supplying active muscle lose their ability to override sympathetic constriction, which limits delivery of oxygen and results in fatigue. Findings from these studies will serve as the foundation for new strategies to improve regional blood flow regulation in older adults and clinical populations, which will increase quality of life and help to preserve functional independence.
Microcirculatory flow is subject to cyclic changes under the influence of heart rate, respiration, myogenic activity, neurogenic factors and endothelial factors. Microcirculatory oscillations (vasomotion) contribute significantly to tissue perfusion. Vasomotion analysis allowed to discriminate normoglycemic subjects, prediabetic subjects and diabetic subjects. Furthermore, changes in vasomotion can precede the emergence of global signs of microangiopathy complications in type 2 diabetes. In fact, few studies reported impaired vasomotion in type 2 diabetes with peripheral neuropathy. Vasomotion analysis after vasodilator (6-min walking test and hyperthermia) and after vasoconstrictor (foot lowering) stimulus could be an effective diagnostic tool to sharpen the diagnostic. Objectives and Methodology: to study vasomotion at baseline and after exercise, hyperthermia and foot lowering within 3 groups of patients: diabetic without peripheral neuropathy, diabetic with subclinical peripheral neuropathy and diabetic with peripheral neuropathy and one group of sex- age- and body mass index-matched healthy control subjects. All the subjects will benefit from a clinical, anthropometric, level of physical activity and biological evaluations. Type 2 diabetes participants will benefit from neuropathy evaluation. In addition, cutaneous microcirculation (perfusion and vasomotion) by means of Laser Doppler Flowmetry and Laser Speckle Imaging will be recorded at rest and after different stimuli (exercise, hyperthermia and foot lowering).
The goal of this study is to examine possible mechanisms of impaired vasodilaton in obese and Black/African American men and women as possible links to the elevated prevalence of cardiovascular dysfunction and disease. The main targets in this study are sources of oxidative stress.
Nanoparticles (NPs) are minute pieces of material to which we are exposed every day in the air we breathe. Some are naturally occurring and have no impact on health, whereas others are produced from urban air pollution and can worsen diseases, particularly in the lungs and blood vessels. However, there is great interest in developing new NPs because of their unique properties that are useful for many applications, such as engineering, electronics and for drug delivery. At present it is unclear exactly what effects inhaled NPs have. Our current programme of research is designed to assess whether a specialized group of fats made in the body (called eicosanoids) drive the cardiovascular effects of NPs. The changes in the profiles of these fats will provide unique fingerprints that could be used to predict the actions of new NPs. In the proposed clinical study we shall investigate the effects of both environmental and manufactured carbonaceous NPs on the lungs, blood vessels, blood clotting, and levels of eicosanoids in blood and urine. We have previously investigated the cardiovascular effects of carbon nanoparticles after inhalation in man, and these experiments will investigate how the shape, size and composition of carbon particles influence these responses. These experiments will provide new insight into how NPs affect the body and pave the way for new ways to predict the toxic effects of NPs (reducing the need for animal experiments). The findings will enable the design of novel NP without the harmful characteristics of those found in air pollution.
A total of 600 patients undergoing coronary procedures via transradial access using 6F sheath were randomized at the end of the procedure to receive either 250-µg nicardipine or 500-µg nitroglycerin administered to the radial artery through the radial sheath before sheath removal. A continuous patent hemostasis was applied in each patient with the use of an oximetry to maintain an oxygen saturation of >95%, measured in the finger of the accessed arm until compression device was totally removed. The primary outcome is early RAO which was evaluated by color duplex ultrasonography of the accessed arteries at the day after the radial procedure. Secondary outcome was the change of blood pressure at 2-3 minutes after drug administration. Radial artery angiogram was performed after radial sheath insertion and doppler ultrasound of the accesed radial artery was examined at the day after the procedure.
The aim of this study is to observe the mechanism of spreading vasodilatation on human healthy gingiva. Nitric-oxide donor solutions in lower and higher concentration are used to trigger the vasoactivity.
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of an acute dose of dietary nitrate in the form of beetroot juice on skeletal muscle blood flow in response to dynamic knee extension exercise in healthy older adults. All subjects will receive active (rich in dietary nitrate) or placebo (devoid of nitrate) supplementation.
Subjects with a known diagnosis of peripheral artery disease as measured by an abnormal ankle brachial index (<.9 or >1.1) will undergo a single 5 min exposure of 670 nm light, 1 cm above the gastrocnemius muscle. Blood flow will be measured by infusion of ultrasound contrast and subsequent acquisition of ultrasound images. 2 blood samples will be collected for measurement of nitric oxide metabolites.
Studies with new drugs in the treatment of heart failure (HF), such as the combination of valsartan/sacubitril, also known as LCZ696, have demonstrated important clinical impact on the morbidity and mortality outcomes in HF population. However, the effect of LCZ696 on the pathophysiological mechanisms of HF such as exercise tolerance (peak VO2) and peripheral muscle blood flow is not known. Since LCZ696 is a new drug with promising effects on the treatment of HF, the objective of the present study will be to evaluate the effect of LCZ696 in patients with HF on: 1) peak VO2, 2) 6-minute walk test, 3) peripheral muscle blood flow, 4) muscle strength, and 5) body composition.