View clinical trials related to Type 2 Diabetes.
Filter by:The number of youth with type 2 diabetes in the U.S. is projected to increase by a staggering 49 percent by 2050, with higher rates among minority youth. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) is recognized as a sentinel study demonstrating the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for diabetes prevention among pre-diabetic adults but has not yet been replicated in youth. In addition, such intensive interventions are often not sustainable in high risk communities with limited resources. One strategy that has been successfully employed in adults from such communities is peer based health education. However, there have been no peer led interventions in ethnic minority teens and no interventions focused specifically on weight loss for diabetes prevention. Another challenge identified in existing youth health intervention programs is keeping youth engaged to enhance program participation and impact. One potential strategy is the use of mobile technologies (text messaging, mobile applications, social media) to support weight management programs, but to date use of such technologies has largely not been studied in youth. The Principal Investigator's NIH Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23) aimed to use CBPR to develop and pilot test a peer-led diabetes prevention intervention incorporating mobile health technologies for at-risk adolescents. Based on results of focus groups which explored strategies for using peer educators and mHealth tools as part of a group lifestyle change program, the researchers did not find existing tools with all the features and functionalities required by users. The investigators therefore began working with teen stakeholders to create a new text messaging platform to support participants as the teens complete the intervention. This R03 research proposal aims to bring together clinical, technology and community experts to further develop and evaluate the mobile health platform. This will provide important pilot data to refine and disseminate the intervention for a larger RCT to be tested in a future R01. Specific Aims: 1. Synthesize real-time data and analytics and conduct user interface (UI) testing to refine and enhance features of the prototype text messaging platform. 2. Investigate the potential for the developed platform to be used as an adjunct to a group educational intervention by examining whether level of use, user satisfaction, and degree of engagement with the platforms modifies behavioral and clinical outcomes.
One emerging, highly modifiable homeostatic mechanism for energy expenditure in humans is brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. BAT is currently considered a prime target for the treatment of obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Using acetate and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) , It has been demonstrated that BAT thermogenesis is inducible by chronic cold exposure. BAT activation through cold exposure is associated with improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. A pharmaceutical approach, which seemed to be very promising to stimulate the activation of BAT, was the use of a selective beta 3-adrenergic receptor agonist, mirabegron. Nevertheless, in a later study, It has been demonstrated that human BAT thermogenesis is under the control of beta-2, not beta-3, adrenergic receptor. The most selective beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist approved for clinical use in Canada is formoterol fumarate, given in inhalation for the treatment of asthma (Oxeze®). In summary, BAT contributes to cold-induced thermogenesis and is recruited by chronic cold exposure as well as by a growing number of food supplements and drugs. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) is the primary source of fuel for BAT thermogenesis under normal physiological conditions, as blocking intracellular TG lipolysis using nicotinic acid abolishes BAT thermogenesis. Beta-2 adrenergic stimulation is the pharmacological target to activate BAT thermogenesis in humans and may also lead to white adipose tissue lipolysis. Using a highly-selective beta-2 receptor agonist with and without administration of nicotinic acid would thus give the opportunity to quantify more precisely energy expenditure accounted by BAT thermogenesis and white adipose tissue metabolism in humans.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that causes high glucose levels in the blood and leads to various complications with time such as Retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, and puts a lot of burden on the health of a person as well as economy of country. Fenugreek is being used for decades in the treatment of various diseases and disorders including diabetes. With the advancement of medical nutrition therapy and processing techniques, it is being used in roasted or cooked form. But previous studies indicate that processing like roasting decrease the fiber content of fenugreek seed and this fiber mainly galactomannan is responsible for reducing hyperglycemia. Another study tells us that in raw form the glycemic index is lowered as compared to roasted or other forms.According to another study the antioxidant activity is increased in roasted form as compared form. So in this study, a clinical trial will be done on two groups of 15 type 2 diabetic patients each that have neither other complications nor on insulin therapy. These total 30 patients Height, Weight, BMI, Fasting and Random Blood sugars, HbA1c, and lipid profile will be checked before the study and after 3 months of a clinical trial. Group 1 will be given Raw fenugreek seed powder and group 2 will be given Roasted fenugreek seed powder 7.5 grams twice a day.The study will be single blinded.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rapidly becoming the most common chronic liver disease. Considering that there are no approved pharmacological treatments, lifestyle modification is necessary and challenging to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with NAFLD. Cigarette smoking has a significant negative impact on public health, causing more than 480,000 deaths each year. Smoking has been reported as a risk factor for NAFLD and might accelerate liver disease progression. Therefore, it is recommended that patients with NAFLD quit smoking. However, smoking cessation could be complicated by weight gain. Thus, it is important to assess the impact of weight change after smoking cessation on patients with NAFLD. Proper management of post-cessation weight could maximize its health benefits. In this large-scale cohort study, the investigators aimed to assess the effects of smoking cessation and subsequent weight change on risks of incident T2DM in individuals with NAFLD.
The objective of this study was to determine the bioequivalence of two different formulations of sitagliptin/ metformin after a single oral dose administration under fed conditions.
Digital health interventions have the potential to help patients with diabetes effectively manage their disease at home. Many digital health studies provide patients with educational materials and self-care recommendations. The digital health interventions allow patients to conveniently access these materials on their phones or computers, and enable care teams to provide essential knowledge for diabetes management. Digital health based education intervention is a reasonably inexpensive method that offers high coverage and motivational encouragement to help patients improve their health at home.This study aims to provide patients with timely education for diabetes management and has the potential to improve clinical outcomes for patients with diabetes.
Thirty years ago, Dzau and Braunwald introduced the concept of a continuum of cardiovascular diseases and defined them as a series of events caused by numerous related and unrelated risk factors, thus developing to end-stage heart disease through many pathophysiological pathways and processes. Owing to treatment concept changes and the urgency of investigating T2D combined with CHF, SUs are being re-evaluated, of which glimepiride is undoubtedly the most promising.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive chronic condition associated with a high morbi-mortality that has a considerable impact on healthcare resources. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are incretin mimetics that have been shown to improve glycemic control with a low associated risk of hypoglycemia. Additionally, previous studies have linked the use of GLP-1RA with a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events and kidney disease progression. Despite these positive results, GLP1-RA´s prescription, following the failure of treatment with metformin monotherapy or dual therapy, remains low in Spain compared to other countries in our milieu. Furthermore, the use of this therapeutic class is not homogeneous across the different autonomous communities in Spain, and, no objective justification for these differences seems to exist. Consequently, there is a need to understand which are the benefits associated with the use of GLP-1RA, versus intensification with other oral agents, in real-life conditions. In this study, the impact of the use of GLP-1RA on clinical outcomes such as all-cause mortality, cardiovascular and renal outcomes as well as severe hypoglycemia will be evaluated based on the analysis of longitudinal databases that collect the variables of interest generated in a real-life scenario. In addition, both persistence and adherence to treatment in patients treated with GLP-1RA and its impact on the clinical outcomes of interest will be studied. Finally, therapeutic inertia will be analyzed. All these data will contribute to generating cost-effective strategies aimed at improving health outcomes among T2D patients in our setting, reinforcing persistence and adherence to the prescribed treatment, and reducing therapeutic inertia in this group of patients. Since the use of GLP-1RA versus intensification with other oral agents has been associated with better glycemic control, and, when compared to intensification with basal insulin, with a lower incidence of severe hypoglycemia, we hypothesized that T2D adults treated with GLP-1RA would present a lower incidence of cardiovascular and renal outcomes and fewer hospitalizations due to severe hypoglycemia events as well as a decreased all-cause mortality. On the other hand, patients on GLP-1RA who would present greater persistence and adherence to treatment should experience fewer cardiovascular and renal outcomes and lower mortality compared to those with less persistence and adherence. Finally, it is possible that the type of GLP-1RA and the mode of administration, weekly versus daily, may influence adherence, persistence and therapeutic inertia in this group of patients.
The purpose of the study is to gather input about the value of adding a newly developed diabetes self-management program to an existing diabetes self-management program. Participants will self-identify as African-American/Black with type 2 diabetes, and prescribed a diabetes medication. Participants can expect to be in the study for 6 months.
The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and clinical utility of a continuous glucose monitoring device (CGM, Dexcom G6) for the care of patients with type 2 diabetes who are on non-insulin therapies.