View clinical trials related to Type 2 Diabetes.
Filter by:Adipose tissues, which include white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), play an essential role in regulating whole-body energy homeostasis. Recent studies also reveal the presence of a subset of cells in WAT that could be induced by environmental or hormonal factors to become ''brown-like'' cells, and this ''beigeing'' process has been suggested to have strong antiobesity and antidiabetic benefits. More recently, same studies showed that cold stress stimulate the browning of subcutaneous white adipose. However, to the investigators knowledge, there are no direct data that clearly show that cold stress can promote the browning of subcutaneous white adipose.
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Lifestyle remains the cornerstone treatment for patients with T2D who are often overweight and sedentary. Physical activity improves glucose metabolism of patients with T2D : increased glucose utilization during acute muscle activity and improved insulin sensitivity after regular training. The molecular mechanism underlying the effects of exercise on glucose metabolism involves the glucose transporter GLUT-4 which is regulated by physical activity. Several studies and meta-analysis have showed that physical activity reduces HbA1c by 0.6% on average. In addition, other data suggest a decrease in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through physical activity. Recent recommendations for T2D management call for the practice of a structured type of endurance 150 minutes per week and muscle building 2 times per week. However, implementation of these recommendations is low, even when integrated into a therapeutic education program. Adherence is often transient and / or partial. In addition, many T2D subjects are unable to initiate a physical activity because of disabling complications or comorbidities or because of a major cardiorespiratory deconditioning. Neuro-myo electrical stimulation (NMES) is a physical treatment routinely used in functional rehabilitation to improve muscle strength and volume. The metabolic effect of NMES has been little studied. A pilot study conducted by our team on a population of 18 subjects with T2D showed that a week of daily NMES sessions significantly improved insulin sensitivity of about 25% and up to 50 % for good responders. This result contrasted with the low induced energy expenditure by each 20-minute session of bi-quadricipital NMES, suggesting the possibility of a humoral or neural mechanism associated with NMES. To complete this work, we plan a randomized cross-over trial with 3 periods (6 weeks without NMES (control), 6 weeks with 3 sessions of NMES per week and 6 weeks with 5 sessions of NMES per week) to assess the glucose profile of sedentary T2D subjects during these different periods. We hypothesize that the bi-quadricipital NMES could improve glycemic control in T2D subjects and thus represent an alternative to traditional physical activity.
During pregnancy nutrition demands change and the pregnant woman needs to adjust her food intake and take into consideration the corrected daily recommendations for micro and macro nutrients. Pregnant woman tend to suffer from hyperemesis and this affects their food choice. Amongst pregnant women with Diabetes the glucose balance is extremely important during pregnancy. Glucose balance is a result of correct nutrition and an exact amount of insulin. This delicate balance requires from the pregnant women an ability to perform correct carbohydrate count. Hyperglycemia has already been proven to affect the fetus and the neonatal outcomes. Hypoglycemia may also have a negative effect but the main danger is immediate harm to the mother and therefore to the fetus. For those reasons glucose balance is crucial and demands delicate synchronization of nutrition and insulin therapy.
The purpose of this study is to test the hypotheses that CHWs providing in-home support for self-management of type 2 diabetes, resources for diabetes, and assistance in effective linkage and communication with medical providers will: (1) improve HbA1c (primary outcome) and secondary outcomes including lipids, blood pressure, health care utilization, and health-related quality of life; (2) improve diabetes self-management, including self-efficacy, physical activity, nutrition, and medication adherence; and (3) be cost-effective and feasible.
This study aims to determine if different diabetes treatments have different effects on inflammation; in particular, kidney inflammation. This type of inflammation is common in people with diabetes, and can lead to kidney failure. This study will investigate the effect of different types of diabetes treatment on kidney inflammation. This will help us to decide if certain types of medicine should be preferred in people with evidence of inflammation in their kidneys, as this may help prevent major complications including kidney failure.
The purpose of this study is to learn more about how U500 regular insulin can be effectively be used to treat type 2 diabetes. Most insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes take U100 insulin, but if they require large doses (such as >150 units a day) they may experience pain at this site of injection and the absorption of the insulin is unpredictable, thereby leading to poor glucose control. To overcome these problems, doctors sometimes switch to a more concentrated form of insulin called U500 insulin. U500 is five times as concentrated as U100 insulin and therefore delivers an equivalent dose of insulin in much lesser volume. However, how to best use U-500 insulin is not certain. The investigators are not really sure how long a given dose is effective in patients who require large doses (>150 units of U100 insulin), so are not sure of how often the drug should be administered. In this study, the investigators will determine how effective two different doses of U-500 regular insulin (100 U and 200 U) are in lowering blood sugar and how long these two doses last. This information will help doctors develop better treatment plans for patients with type 2 diabetes.
To investigate the daily dose of insulin in newly diagnosed Chinese type 2 diabetic patients who use the continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) as the initial therapy.
Type 2 diabetes is epidemic and its treatment has become more and more difficult. Consensus algorithms have been developed to help clinicians to select among the numerous medications and their combinations for achieving and maintaining a target glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of <7%. AMAZING, a pragmatic clinical trial, aims to compare commonly used oral diabetes medications, when combined with metformin, on glycemia-lowering effectiveness.
The goal of this study is to evaluate the implementation and effectiveness of an intervention to improve diabetes self-management, emotional distress and metabolic control among adults with type 2 diabetes receiving care in primary care practices throughout New York City. The program will be implemented by the New York City Department of Health, through their Primary Care Improvement Project.
The purpose of this study is to use a community based participatory action research (CBPAR) approach to 1) create "radio stories" about Somali, Latino and Hmong families' real success stories with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in managing their disease through implementation of healthful lifestyle behaviors (nutrition and physical activity), and 2) test the effectiveness and acceptability of radio stories on participant intentions to engage in or improve healthful lifestyle behaviors. Participants in the Intervention condition listened to the "radio stories" and the participants in the control condition listened to an audio brochure with relevant information. We hypothesized that the intervention participants would report higher intensions to engage in various healthful lifestyle behaviors than the control participants after both participants listened to their respective health information.