View clinical trials related to Substance-Related Disorders.
Filter by:In comparison to the general population, U.S. military and Veterans are at an increased risk for developing both substance use disorders (SUD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Current research has shown that there is a high comorbidity of SUD and PTSD, and although there are a number of treatments for SUD and PTSD independently, there are very few effective methods to simultaneously treat both disorders. Because of this substantial gap in the treatment of both SUDs and PTSD, it has become essential to develop a combined treatment that would address and treat both disorders. Individuals, specifically U.S. military and Veterans, with SUD/PTSD have unique needs that require a specialized treatment approach. This designed approach would employ cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to treat the SUD, in conjunction with Prolonged Exposure therapy to treat the PTSD. Prolonged Exposure (PE) is an empirically supported and evidence-based treatment that is currently regarded as the "gold standard" psychosocial treatment for PTSD. In combination with CBT, this treatment would address both disorders in hopes of reducing substance use and PTSD symptomatology.
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact on both clinical (violence and substance use) outcomes and health services use (substance use disorder and mental health treatment) compared to standard SUD treatment (enhanced treatment as usual) of 1. an integrated Motivational Interviewing-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (MI-CBT) violence prevention treatment intervention delivered during the 8-week early substance use disorder treatment phase; and 2. MI-CBT plus a continuing care (CC) intervention for the 3-month continuing care period following the early treatment phase MI-CBT+CC). The study will provide important new information regarding the role and relative impact of both early treatment and continuing care interventions designed to impact substance use and violence, and whether combining such interventions yields additional benefits.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether drug-dependent adults who participate in a dual processing relapse prevention treatment protocol that allows for sensory-based exposure experiences over 10-weeks in outpatient treatment will show significant brain change related to diminished cue reactivity, and greater improvement in self-efficacy, anxiety, somatization, and treatment retention, as compared to the standard care patients in a relapse prevention program.
Epo increases red blood cell production and hence the amount of oxygen that can be transported around the body. It is shown that prolonged use of synthetic Epo (rHuEpo) leads to an increase in the period of time a given physical work can be performed, therefore it will continue to be abused by athletes, especially in endurance sports. The existing method for measuring the abuse of rHuEpo approved by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is based on differences in the sugar groups bound to rHuEpo and Epo produced in the body, respectively. Proteomics is a method by which one can look at all the proteins in blood at the same time. Even proteins that have changed very little can be distinguished. The main objective of this project is to investigate the effect of prolonged treatment with rHuEpo on changes in blood proteins in healthy young men.
The purpose of this study is to conduct a randomized controlled Stage II trial of the Women's Recovery Group (WRG) in a larger, more diverse sample of women than characterized that of the investigators' Stage I trial. The current study is being conducted at two sites. The investigators will compare 12 weekly sessions in an open-enrollment format of the women-focused, single-gender WRG versus an equivalent amount of the active comparison treatment, mixed-gender Group Drug Counseling (GDC). In addition to testing the efficacy of the WRG, the investigators' second aim will be to investigate a priori hypotheses regarding potential moderators (e.g., psychiatric severity, self-efficacy) and mediators (e.g., engagement in ancillary treatment and community support) of treatment outcome. Finally, the investigators will conduct exploratory analyses of group process characteristics of the WRG identified during the Stage I trial and explore differences in group process between single-gender WRG and mixed-gender GDC groups.
Dependence on tobacco derived nicotine is a major public health problem. Substance users who complete training in mindfulness subjectively report increased patience and improved motor control over their impulses. Yet, no studies have tested this perceived benefit with behavioral measures of impulse control. The investigators are conducting a randomized controlled clinical trial, which compares Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness Training for tobacco smokers, using behavioral measures to investigate the effects of mindfulness training on impulsivity and inhibitory control.
Background: - Varenicline (Chantix ) is a drug that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to help people stop smoking. Varenicline is very effective in helping some people quit smoking, but is less effective for others. Researchers are interested in conducting more in-depth studies into how varenicline works, including its effect on smokers' responses to items that may trigger cigarette cravings, in order to develop better smoking cessation medications. Objectives: - To examine the effectiveness of varenicline as an effective medication for tobacco addiction by studying its effect on nicotine reinforcement, nicotine-seeking behavior, cue-elicited craving, and performance impairment and craving after overnight tobacco deprivation. Eligibility: - Individuals between 18 and 50 years of age who have been smoking at least 10 cigarettes per day for at least 2 years. Design: - This study will require 12 study visits. Some visits will be brief and other visits that involve test sessions will last up to 8 hours. If no sessions are repeated, the study will take 26 days. Participants will not be required to attempt to quit smoking during this study. - Participants will be screened with a full physical examination and medical history, blood and urine tests, and other tests as required by the study researchers. - Participants will take two sets of pills during the study: the first set during the first 12 days of the study, followed by a 2-day break, then the second set during the last 12 days. Some of the pills will contain varenicline, and others will be placebos. - On Day 1 of the study, participants will come to the National Institute on Drug Abuse to receive the first set of pills. Participants will take the first pill before leaving. - On Day 8, participants will have a training session that will measure the amount of carbon monoxide in the breath. Participants will also complete several questionnaires about smoking habits and current mood, and will have a chance to practice the procedures they will do in the study. - On Days 9 and 10, participants will have behavioral test sessions that will last 7 to 8 hours. Day 9 will involve tests of cue response to items that may trigger cigarette cravings, and tests of general nicotine cravings over several hours. Day 10 will involve tests of general nicotine cravings over several hours, and then tests of nicotine-seeking behavior. Participants will be provided with lunch during these all-day sessions. - On Day 11, participants will have memory and attention tests, and will provide a blood sample. Participants will not be allowed to smoke for 12 hours before the start of the next test on Day 12. - On Day 12, participants will provide a breath sample, and will have two sets of memory and attention tests before they will be permitted to start smoking again. There will be no tests on Days 13 and 14. - Starting on Day 15, participants will repeat the schedule of tests from Days 1 through 12 with the second set of pills.
The purpose of this pilot study is to estimate the effect size of a contingency management procedure that reinforces walking at rates consistent with the American College of Sports Medicine recommendations of 10,000 or more steps per day in older adults. We expect that participants randomized to the contingency management intervention will increase walking to a greater degree than those assigned to a standard care condition.
The proposed study uses a randomized controlled experimental design to evaluate the efficacy of a brief intervention using spiritual self schema (3S+) counseling to simultaneously target HIV health outcomes, and substance use among alcohol and/or drug dependent HIV positive older adults (age 50+), relative to an attention control condition. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either: (1) 12 sessions of 3S+ counseling, adapted for the present study to target both non-injection drug use, drinking, and HIV health; or (2) 12 sessions of education about HIV health and the associated with alcohol and drug use that will serve as an attention-control.
Poor adherence to antihypertensive medications is associated with morbidity, and data suggest that substance abuse may contribute to poor adherence. Contingency management (CM), an intervention highly efficacious for improving outcomes of substance abusers, shows promise in improving medication adherence in a handful of small trials. CM involves providing tangible reinforcement each time the behavior (medication ingestion) is exhibited. Thus far, studies evaluating CM for increasing medication adherence have utilized MEMS caps, but reinforcement of adherence via MEMS caps is done relatively infrequently and with delay, hindering its efficacy. A widely utilized technology that may be more appropriate for reinforcing medication adherence is cell phones, which can record the process of pill ingestion through video functions. As regular monitoring and feedback is important in the efficacy of CM, patients can be provided with daily messages regarding adherence and CM earnings. In this pilot study, we propose to randomize 40 hypertensive substance abusing patients with suboptimal adherence to antihypertensive medications to one of two 12-week treatment conditions: (1) usual care, or (2) usual care with cell phone monitoring and CM. In the CM condition, patients will carry a cell phone and record and send in time- and date-stamped self videos of medication ingestion. These patients will receive congratulatory messages or reminders about adherence, and they will earn vouchers each time medication ingestion occurs at the appropriate time, along with bonuses for sustained adherence. We hypothesize that the CM condition will improve self report and pill count measurements of medication adherence and that it will result in decreased blood pressure. Results from this study may have widespread implications for the use of cell phones as a novel technology to improve medication adherence.