View clinical trials related to Substance Abuse.
Filter by:Our proposed evaluation study is designed to evaluate the impact of a recently completed stepped wedge cluster randomized trial, conducted at Kaiser Permanente Washington (KPWA), of an intervention to improve care and management of patients with drug use disorders (DUDs) in primary care (Aim 1). We will also explore the reasons for any apparent gaps in DUD care by analyzing clinicians' free-text encounter notes using manual chart review, natural language processing (NLP), and/or NLP-assisted manual chart review, as appropriate (Aim 2). Specific Project Aims are as follows: Aim 1 The primary research question we address in Aim 1 is whether routine screening for drug use disorders in primary care (PC) settings increases DUD treatment. We define DUDs as including opioid use disorders (OUD), cannabis use disorders (CUD), and other non-alcohol drug use disorders (OTH). Previously published analyses indicate that the 22 PC clinics in this trial sustained very high rates of screening (88%) and a 3-clinic DUD pilot study suggested that this screening resulted in increased diagnosis of CUD and increased treatment of DUDs in general, even at relatively low observed rates of PC-based screening and assessment. Aim 2 The overall goal of Aim 2 is to expand our understanding of gaps in DUD diagnosis and treatment that persist-despite implementation of high rates of PC screening and assessment for SUDs-using rich information available only in free-text chart notes. Through analysis of relevant chart notes Aim 2 of this project will descriptively characterize gaps in DUD diagnosis and DUD treatment (i.e., instances where information in a patient's record suggests a DUD could be diagnosed but no diagnosis is present, or a new diagnosis suggest treatment is indicated but no evidence of treatment is present), and characterize reasons for DUD care gaps.
Researchers at the Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health in the Colorado School of Public Health at the University of Colorado completed an intensive community-engaged process to rigorously adapt the Strengthening Families Program for Parents and Youth 10-14 for the cultural context of a Northern Plains reservation community, creating a program optimized for American Indian families, Thiwáhe Gluwáš'akapi (TG, sacred home in which family is made strong). This study will test the effectiveness of TG for delaying the onset of substance use among young adolescents. In response to requests from participating families and community partners to help address suicide risk among their youth, and based on preliminary evidence that the program may impact risk behaviors beyond substance use, the study will also test suicide risk outcomes among youth. Finally, in recognition of the potential for reciprocal influence on the adults participating in the program with their children, capitalizing on their motivation to make concomitant positive changes in their own lives, the current study will also examine effects on adult substance use. In summary, this study will test the effectiveness of TG for reducing risk for: (1) substance use among youth; (2) suicide risk among youth; and (3) substance abuse among adults.
This Phase II SBIR tests a newly developed web-based online parenting skills training and youth drug prevention program based on the evidenced-based "Strengthening Families Program." The study design involves a three-condition parallel randomized control trial contrasting: (1) SFP Online, (2) SFP Home-use DVD/videos, and (3) Wait-Listed Controls. DELIVERY OF INTERVENTION: The intervention condition, SFP Online, is a highly interactive, multimedia condition testing a 10-session online program with two intersecting tracks, one for parents and one for youth. Both tracks involve completion of three mini-lessons per week delivered online for 10 weeks. For the parent track (biological parents, caregivers or legal guardians), each lesson entails learning nurturing parenting skills that strengthen family bonds, setting clear boundaries with positive discipline, and monitoring youth's social activities and emotional well-being. The youth lessons teach social competence-based skills and drug refusal skills. For both tracks, lesson material is scaffolded in an integrated fashion, with challenge quizzes and process evaluations interspersed throughout the lessons. Each track includes a gaming portion to increase engagement and reinforce lesson content through stealth learning. The SFP Home-use DVD/video series is an 11-session program with the same content as the online version, but is not interactive. It is viewed either online or using a DVD player at home. In the Wait-Listed control condition, parents receive emails with food recipes and nutritional information over the same 10-week period; while their children receive emails with riddles and puzzles. At the conclusion of a 2-month follow-up period the wait-listed controls receive the SFP Online intervention, thus doubling the size of the intervention treatment condition. A second design feature is the use of a non-inferiority trial (NIT) to empirically examine the efficacy of SFP Online when compared to the Home-use DVD/videos and Group Norms data. The Group Norms, which serve as a benchmark of SFP effectiveness, is a representative, demographically matched sample of n=1400 families drawn from a database of over 6,000 families that have taken the full 14-session traditional class format of SFP. Effects sizes, using the partial eta-squared statistic, will be compared between conditions for the major outcome measures.
This study seeks to investigate whether drug effects in suspected overdose patients could be identified using the electroencephalogram (EEG). From previous work it is known that different classes of anesthetic drugs have specific "EEG signatures" related to the drug mechanisms. Many of the drugs of abuse that are frequently encountered in overdose patients are similar or identical to anesthetic drugs. The hypothesis for this study is that the EEG could be used to characterize the brain effects of intoxicants using EEG in the ED setting. Such monitoring could one day help clinicians and first responders at the point-of-care make more informed decisions to improve the care of overdose patients.
The planned randomized clinical trial will longitudinally test a tailored, web-based drug abuse prevention program with a nationwide sample of 15- to 17-year-old sexual minority youth (youth who identify as gay, lesbian, bisexual, or unsure of their sexual orientation).
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of treating opioid use disorder (OUD) in pregnant women with extended-release buprenorphine (BUP-XR), compared to sublingual buprenorphine (BUP-SL), on mother and infant outcomes. The primary hypothesis is that the BUP-XR group will not have greater illicit opioid use than the BUP-SL group during pregnancy (non-inferiority).
This is a sub-study of NIDA CTN Protocol 0080: Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Expectant Mothers (MOMs; Unique protocol ID: 2019-0429-1). Participants in MOMs will be offered the opportunity to enroll in this sub-study, which is designed to evaluate conceptual models of the mechanisms by which extended-release buprenorphine (BUP-XR), may improve mother-infant outcomes, compared to sublingual buprenorphine (BUP-SL). The additional data collected in this sub-study will be combined with data from the main MOMs trial. It is hypothesized that: (1) the buprenorphine blood levels will vary, depending on which formulation of buprenorphine was received, (2) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels will be associated with fetal behavior (including fetal heart rate variability) (3) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels will be associated with differences in mother outcomes (including medication adherence and illicit opioid use) (4) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels and in fetal behavior will be associated with infant outcomes (including neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and infant development).
Florida has the fifth largest transgender population in the United States. Transgender women, particularly those of color, in the southern part of Florida are a marginalized population who are impacted by co-morbidities of substance abuse and HIV in their communities. The overall objective of the study is to use a vetted adapted brief intervention to stem the development of substance abuse in at-risk transgender women, and thereby increase primary and secondary prevention methods such as routine HIV screening, uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and use of non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP).
This study entails an evaluation of the New Jersey State Parole Board Swift, Certain, and Fair (SCF) Supervision Program. The purpose of the evaluation is to test whether subjects assigned to SCF Supervision perform better than those assigned to parole-as-usual (PAU).
This study evaluates a brief motivation-building intervention for parents and teens to reduce truancy and substance use. It is hypothesized that the motivational intervention will result in better outcomes compared to an education-only intervention.