Improving Visual Attention in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Clinical Trial

Official title:

Improving Visual Attention to Social Stimuli in Individuals With Schizophrenia

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03880227
• Other study ID #: 19-58
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: March 25, 2019
• Est. completion date: March 4, 2020

Study information

• Verified date: June 2021
• Source: The University of Texas at Dallas
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study investigates whether visual attention can be improved in individuals with schizophrenia by stimulating the brain via transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS).

Description:

Individuals with schizophrenia tend to display abnormal visual attention when performing visual tasks, typically spending less time on salient features of the stimuli (e.g. core facial features or body movement in social tasks), and instead focusing on idiosyncratic features of an image or video. Poor visual attention in schizophrenia has been directly linked to poorer social cognitive performance (e.g. recognizing emotional expressions or social cues) which can impact an individual's day to day functioning.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a form of noninvasive neurostimulation which has been proposed as a therapeutic procedure in numerous psychiatric disorders. TDCS in schizophrenia has been demonstrated to improve a wide range of cognitive processes, and in healthy adults, tDCS has been demonstrated to improve aspects of social cognition. TDCS thus appears to be a promising therapeutic technique that may be useful for improving visual attention in patients with schizophrenia, and potentially impact social cognitive performance via an underlying mechanism tying the two. This study will compare visual performance in individuals with schizophrenia across two conditions: active anodal tDCS and sham tDCS, while also comparing between brain stimulation sites: rTPJ and dmPFC.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 81
• Est. completion date: March 4, 2020
• Est. primary completion date: March 4, 2020
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• DSM-IV-TR or DSM-5 diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and clinically stable (i.e. no hospitalizations) for at least 8 weeks prior to informed consent and be on a stable medication regimen for at least 6 weeks with no dose changes for a minimum of 2 weeks prior to informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• The presence or history of a pervasive developmental disorder or mental retardation as defined by a premorbid IQ < 70

• Presence or history of medical or neurological disorders in which neural stimulation would be contraindicated (e.g. presence of epilepsy or history of seizures)

• Presence of sensory limitations, including visual or hearing impairments that interfere with assessment

• History of electroconvulsive therapy

• Not proficient in English

• Presence of substance abuse in the past one month or dependence not in remission in the past six months

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Psychotic Disorders
• Schizoaffective Disorder
• Schizophrenia

Intervention

Device:
• Active anodal tDCS
active anodal tDCS with behavioral tasks to assess visual attention
• Sham tDCS
sham tDCS with behavioral tasks to assess visual attention

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	The University of Texas at Dallas	Richardson	Texas

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
The University of Texas at Dallas

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Visual Attention to Static Faces	Visual attention measured via eye-tracking (percentage of time attending to investigator designated AOIs) when viewing static, emotional faces (stimuli: Emotion Recognition - 40). AOIs for static faces will be defined as core facial features (i.e. eyes, nose, mouth).	Assessment will be completed 30 minutes after completion of the active/sham stimulation
Primary	Visual Attention to Dynamic Actor	Visual attention measured via eye-tracking(percentage of time attending to investigator designated AOIs) when viewing videos of a single actor (stimuli: Bell Lysaker Emotion Recognition Task). AOIs for this task will be defined as core facial features (i.e. eyes, nose, and mouth).	Assessment will be completed 30 minutes after completion of the active/sham stimulation
Primary	Visual Attention to Dynamic Social Scenes	Visual attention measured via eye-tracking (percentage of time attending to investigator designated AOIs) when viewing videos of two or more actors in a scene (stimuli: The Awareness of Social Inference Task Part 3, Version A). AOIs for this task will be defined as salient social and contextual stimuli (e.g. social stimuli are faces of actors, while contextually salient stimuli include items actors are talking about, such as a plate full of food or an empty wallet).	Assessment will be completed 30 minutes after completion of the active/sham stimulation
Secondary	Fixation Stabilization	Stabilization of visual fixation on fixation circle positioned in middle of screen. Participants will be placed in front of an eyetracking device and asked to keep their eyes focused on a circle in the middle of the screen. Stabilization will be measured via eye-tracking as the deviation from a single point on screen, calculated by assessing the sum of squares of both the x and y axis (output from eyetracking device). Higher number indicates more movement, and thus less stabilization.	Assessment will be completed 30 minutes after completion of the active/sham stimulation