View clinical trials related to Sarcopenia.
Filter by:Rationale: Age related muscle loss (sarcopenia) is assumed to be related to the impaired postprandial muscle protein synthetic response to protein and/or amino acid administration in the elderly vs the young. Co-ingestion of carbohydrate increases post-prandial insulin secretion. Insulin affects skeletal muscle blood flow and may therefore affect substrate availability and postprandial muscle protein synthesis. However, it is unclear whether the response to the combined intake of protein and carbohydrates is different in elderly compared to young subjects. Hypothesis: Adding carbohydrate to a bolus of protein represents an effective strategy to overcome the impaired postprandial muscle protein synthesis in the elderly. Objective: The primary objective of the study is to investigate whether carbohydrate co-ingestion augments the in vivo postprandial muscle protein synthetic response after protein ingestion and whether this response is different between young and elderly subjects. The secondary objective of the study is to assess the effect of carbohydrate co-ingestion on insulin levels and microvascular perfusion in young and elderly subjects. Intervention: The intervention consists of a single test day during which the subjects will receive a drink containing 20 gram intrinsically labelled casein with or without 60 gram carbohydrates. In addition, continuous intravenous tracer infusions of labeled amino acids will be administered. During the test day 18 plasma samples and 4 muscle biopsies will be collected over a period of 8½ h. Furthermore, muscle skeletal blood flow will be estimated using sidestream darkfield imaging (SDF) in sublingual position.
Sarcopenia is defined as the presence of low muscle mass and either decreased muscle strength or function. It is increasingly becoming a significant cause of frailty, loss of independence and physical disability in ageing western populations. Recent experimental evidence has revealed that skeletal muscle is particularly susceptible to damaging molecules that result in oxidative stress and that oxidative stress plays a prominent role in the development and progression of sarcopenia. The investigators have previously shown that the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol is able to abolish vascular oxidative stress and improve endothelial function in cohorts such as optimally treated chronic heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Recently, the investigators have also shown that allopurinol improves exercise tolerance and time to ST-depression in optimally treated coronary artery disease, suggesting that allopurinol could also exert its effects through ATP and/or oxygen sparing mechanisms. Therefore, we propose a randomised double blind placebo-controlled parallel group trial of allopurinol in patients with primary sarcopenia using MR-spectroscopy and Flow Mediated Dilatation to investigate the possible mechanisms that underlie this exciting possibility
Several trials have found that nutritional supplementation can elicit an increased rate of skeletal muscle protein synthesis following a single bout of exercise in both young and older individuals. However, there have been no studies that have investigated if nutritional supplementation and exercise can cause a sustained increase in physical functioning and fat free mass, particularly in older adults with functional limitations. This study will compare the effects of a nutritional supplement versus a placebo on exercise training induced changes in physical functioning older adults who are at risk for mobility disability.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether consuming additional protein during calorie restriction induced weight loss has beneficial or harmful effects on multi-organ (liver, muscle, adipose tissue) insulin sensitivity, colonocyte proliferation rates, the gut microbiome, muscle mass and function, and bone mineral density in obese, postmenopausal women.
This randomized controlled intervention study in institutionalized elderly investigates the effect of 6 months of local vibration therapy applied on the thigh and hip on muscle strength, muscle mass, bone density, and functionality.
Loss of skeletal muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass occurs with of aging. This are-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle strength is a major underlying factor contributing to many of the metabolic disorders and frailty of the investigators rapidly expanding aging population. Endurance (aerobic) and resistance exercise training programs have been shown to effectively reverse the age-related decline in metabolic and contractile muscle functions. The investigators will measure synthesis rates of individual muscle proteins in 36 each of young (18-30 yrs) and 36 older (> 65 yrs) people to determine their response to 8 weeks each of endurance, resistance, combined endurance and resistance training, or placebo exercise training. Hypotheses. 1. to measure fractional synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and identify those that are enhanced by an endurance exercise program 2. to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to endurance exercise programs are dependent on age 3. to measure fractional muscle synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and to identify those that are enhanced by a resistance exercise program 4. to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to resistance exercise programs are dependent on age
Sarcopenia is known to be associated with loss in muscle mass that results from a reduced number of muscle fibres, an atrophy of remaining muscle fibres, and an increased infiltration of non-contractile tissue (collagen, fat). Accentuated by cancer and treatments, sarcopenia impairs muscle function resulting in a higher risk of physical disability and death. The commonly used test for sarcopenia screening consists in a DEXA (Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) scan. However, this test can't provide structural muscle information. In contrast, the mechanical properties of muscle tissue can be explored using an acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI). The question remains whether muscle sonoelastography using ARFI imaging could be helpful for sarcopenia screening. For this, volunteers will be recruited in three groups: ≤ 30 years (Gr A) and ≥ 70years, both without any serious chronic disease, and patients ≥ 70 years presenting curative cares for cancer (Gr C). The volunteers belonging to the groups A and B will be followed during one day. The patients included in the group C will be followed during 6 months. For this latter group; the first visit (t0) will take place before treatment and the second visit will take place 6 months later (t6months) Volunteers will have clinical examinations (weight, stature, BMI, performance status/ ECOG) and will be evaluated on their nutritional status (MNA-SF, 24h dietary recall) and physical capacities (IPAQ, SPPB, lower limb muscle strength, 6-min walk test, QLQ-C30 items relative to the fatigue symptom).
Muscle proteins accumulate damage during aging and leads to the loss of muscle mass and function in older people. Exercise can increase the making of new proteins and removal of older proteins, but it is not known if the effect changes with aging or type of exercise. The investigators will determine the ability for endurance, resistance, or a combination of exercise training to remove older-damaged proteins and make newer-functional muscle proteins in groups of younger and older people. The investigators will particularly study protein that are involved with energy production (mitochondrial proteins) and force production (contractile proteins). Hypothesis 1: Older people will have greater accumulation of damaged proteins than younger people. Hypothesis 2: Aerobic exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile and mitochondrial proteins in younger and older people. Hypothesis 3: Resistance exercise will decrease the accumulation of damaged forms of contractile proteins in younger and older people.
Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle mass and function that accompanies aging. The term sarcopenia comes from the Greek "sarx" (flesh) and "penia" (loss). Sarcopenia is a topic of great interest to geriatricians, and from 2010 discussing the possibility of considering it as a geriatric syndrome. Diagnostic criteria are reduced muscle mass, reduced strength and impaired physical performance. The presence of muscle mass reduction set presarcopenia diagnosis, when combined with one of the other two are talking about sarcopenia and when are the three is defined as severe sarcopenia. The hypothesis of our study is that sarcopenia is highly prevalent in older people with hip fracture. The increase in inflammatory indices of older people, along with bed rest, represent factors that accelerate the development of sarcopenia. These factors together could be the base of the high percentage of patients who do not recover the degree of autonomy before the fracture.
Background: - In individuals as they age, changes in muscle tissue can significantly affect their muscle strength and exercise endurance. This process, known as sarcopenia, may lead to decreased mobility and physical weakness, which is what we in general refer to as frailty. The causes of sarcopenia and why it affects some individuals more than others are not known, but many factors influence muscle physiology and function, including metabolic, hormonal, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Researchers interested in identifying factors involved in the start and progression of sarcopenia need of samples of human muscle tissue and cells for laboratory investigations. Objectives: - To train researchers in the appropriate procedures for performing muscle biopsies and collecting, labeling, and storing the samples. - Develop a data base of specific scientific studies evaluating the physiological and metabolic function of muscle that can be used in future studies. Eligibility: - Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age. Design: - Participants will be screened with a full medical history and physical examination, as well as blood and urine tests, and will schedule a date for the muscle biopsy. - Participants will have a muscle biopsy, with tissue and cells taken from the upper part of the thigh. A local anesthetic will be given for the procedure. Participants will also provide a blood sample and have an electrocardiogram to evaluate heart function. - Participants will have a followup visit 1 week after the biopsy visit to evaluate the healing process and provide any further treatment for the affected area, after which they may fully resume normal activities.