View clinical trials related to Psychotic Disorders.
Filter by:This study uses a noninvasive technique called transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to study how hallucinations work in schizophrenia. TMS is a noninvasive way of stimulating the brain, using a magnetic field to change activity in the brain. The magnetic field is produced by a coil that is held next to the scalp. In this study the investigators will be stimulating the brain to learn more about how TMS might improve these symptoms of schizophrenia.
Previous studies have shown that cardiorespiratory fitness (how well the heart and lungs are able to function during physical activity) is often reduced in people with psychosis. The goal of this research study is to test the hypothesis that aerobic exercise can lead to small changes in brain functioning that can influence visual perception and attention in psychosis. The type of aerobic exercise used in this study is called Sprint Interval Training, or "SIT". Information from this study will help to develop interventions that enhance cognition and maximize the quality of life for persons living with psychosis. The exercise procedure used is called SIT, which involves training rigorously on a stationary bike for a short period of time followed by a resting period.
Introduction: Currently, there is a lack of international guidelines or clinical recommendations for individuals with mental illnesses (i.e., bipolar disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder) going on high altitude sojourns. However, these guidelines would be important considering that mental illnesses are among the most common disorders worldwide and millions of people are hiking at high altitudes in the Alps, being granted easy access up to 3800m by cable cars. Before conceptualizing these guidelines, it seems necessary to study the physiological and psychological effects of ambient pressure changes leading to oxygen deficiency (hypoxia) in individuals with mental illnesses when being exposed to hypoxic conditions. The investigators hypothesize a shift towards negative affective responses and state anxiety as well as increased levels of neurotransmitter precursor amino acids (PHE/TYR and KYN/TRP) in individuals with mental illnesses when being exposed to hypoxic conditions. Methods and Analysis: The investigators plan to perform a double-blind randomized controlled trial in a safe laboratory environment by using a normobaric hypoxic chamber. Participants suffering from depression and anxiety symptoms will be included as well as age and sex-matched healthy controls. They will attend a six-hour exposure equivalent to 3800m of altitude as well as a six-hour exposure to sham hypoxic conditions. Recruited participants will be screened by the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory, the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) as well as an interview assessment. Affective responses in state anxiety will be assessed before, and during each hour of exposure by using the Feeling Scale (FS), Felt Arousal Scale (FAS), Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), State-Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and subjective mental stress levels (Visual Analogue Scale; VAS). Physiological parameters will be assessed by venous blood sampling, pulse oximetry and oxidative stress level measurement before entering the chamber, after three and six hours of exposure. Additionally, symptoms of acute mountain sickness will be assessed by the Lake Louise Score before, after three and six hours of exposure. Follow-up measurements are planned one and seven days after the chamber visit, consisting of venous blood sampling, the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventory. A series of univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures will be used to test the three-way (i.e. "group × condition × time") and two-way ("group × condition" and "group × time") interactions. Analyses will be adjusted for possible confounding, by adding age, sex, smoking, prior AMS, and medication status in the models as covariates. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from the ethics committee of the Medical University of Innsbruck (1250/2021).
This is a randomized, single-dose, open-label, parallel-group study. Patients will undergo the screening evaluations to determine eligibility within 28 days prior to study drug administration. Approximately 80 eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to 1 of 4 treatment groups.
Antipsychotic medication shows generally good effect sizes when looking at reduction of positive psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia, such as paranoia or delusion. However, social functioning often remains deficient in patients, meaning dopamine-receptor antagonists are not sufficient in treatment of people with schizophrenia. A naturalistic video-based paradigm, named MASC has been used in the past to model over- and undermentalizing in patients with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia, since deficits in mentalizing can be explained by either overinterpreting a social situation (e.g. paranoid thoughts about intentions of others towards self) or by lacking the skill to read intentions of others. To find out whether experimental manipulation via a non-competetive N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist can induce difficulties with social cognition similar to those observed in people with schizophrenia, the investigators will conduct a RCT applying either ketamine or a placebo intravenously while participants are completing the above mentioned mentalizing task in the fMRI-scanner.
This is an open-label, proof of concept trial to investigate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Zulresso (brexanolone) administered to adult female subjects diagnosed with postpartum psychosis. This study will provide critical pilot data to determine whether there is similar treatment efficacy among patients with postpartum psychosis as observed to date in patients with postpartum depression.
This study will compare a 12-session behavioral activation (BA) intervention modified for first-episode psychosis (FEP) to usual community mental health care (i.e., treatment-as-usual; TAU) delivered over 6 months with a sample of Latinos with FEP and their families. Comparable family group sessions will also be delivered to participants in both conditions. It is expected that BA participants will show better engagement than TAU participants.
Aim: To describe anesthetic depth using spectal edge frequency (SEF) and density spectral array (DSA) and its relation to treatment effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Study design: Observational study Primary outcomes: SEF, DSA and treatment effect of ECT. Method: SEF and DSA si measured using a commercially available monitor for depth of anesthesia. Treatment effect of ECT will be evaluated using hemodynamic, electroencephalographic and clinical variables.
The goal of this pilot feasibility and proof of concept study is to evaluate whether Community Reinforcement and Family Training (CRAFT) as adapted for group delivery in an early psychosis intervention (EPI) program has a clinically significant impact on the concerned significant other (CSO) and Identified patient (IP), and whether a larger, definitive trial is feasible. The intervention aims to improve treatment engagement and reduce distress, as reported by the CSO. To assess feasibility of the intervention for a definitive trial of CRAFT-EPI, the investigators will evaluate recruitment, retention, and assessment completion rates.
This study proposes continuity in the implementation of a psychological approach program to enhance cognitive reserve (CR) in children, adolescent and young adults, off-springs of patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (Off-SZBP), and first affective and non-affective episodes with three main objectives: to characterize the cognitive reserve in the early stages of the disease, to validate the adaptation of the intervention to first affective and non-affective disorders to assess the effectiveness of the intervention in a longer term.