View clinical trials related to Prevention.
Filter by:This study examines sexual harassment and abuse in and outside sports among adolescent elite athlete boys and girls, adolescent control students, trainers and leaders at elite sport high schools and regular high schools in Norway.
Surgical site infections in orthopaedic surgery are a major problem. Decolonization has been suggested to reduce infection rates. The study was designed as a prospective, controlled, randomized, single-blinded trial to assess the influence of a decolonization procedure in S. aureus and non - S. aureus carriers. In this trial the 2 - year outcome in the subpopulation of prosthetic elective orthopaedic surgery will be evaluated.
Fluoride products are proven to be cost effective in preventing dental caries. Newer Fluoride products have been released in the market with different components that may have an impact on the clinical and radiographic outcome regarding incipient caries management. The objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness of PreviDent and MI varnish to (1.23%) Acidulated phosphopeptide Fluoride (APF) on remineralisation of non-cavitated proximal incipient lesions.
The study is a randomised controlled trial of patients admitted for a scheduled cardiac surgery at the Clermont-Ferrand hospital. Patients meeting the study inclusion criteria will be allocated to either the control group that will receive pressure ulcer prevention standard care or the intervention group that will receive pressure ulcer prevention standard care plus have a Mepilex® Border dressing applied to their sacrum.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia that occurs after on pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. It is associated with postoperative complications, including increased risk of stroke, prolonged hospital stay and increased costs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to find reliable, effective, safe and well tolerated tools for the prevention of AF after on pump coronary artery bypass surgery. Patients and methods: The study included 176 patients (age range 40 to 79 years) and scheduled for elective on pump CABG operations without concomitant procedures. The patients were divided randomly into two equal groups. Group (A) in which bisoprolol was used for prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after surgery. Group (B) in which bisoprolol and hydrocortisone were used for prophylaxis against atrial fibrillation after surgery. For each patient, the following data were collected: gender, preoperative diseases, intraoperative cross clamp time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and Lt internal mammary Artery usage, incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation, death, myocardial infarction chest infection and C - reactive protein levels.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of, and the tolerability and acceptance of an intravaginal ring (IVR) delivering both tenofovir and levonorgestrel (TFV/LNG) and an IVR delivering TFV only, compared to a placebo IVR, in women in Western Kenya.
Aerosol antibiotic administration offers the theoretical advantages of achieving high drug concentration at the infection site and low systemic absorption, thereby avoiding toxicity. Antibiotic aerosolization has good results in patients with cystic fibrosis, but data are scarce for patients under mechanical ventilation. Prospective, randomized 1:1, open-label study to assess the microbiological cure and pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and efficacy of nebulized Aztreonam lysine (75 mg dose) each 8 hr during 5 days in ventilated patients heavily colonized by Gram-negative bacteria. It is planned to include a total of 20 ventilated patients heavily colonized. Only ten of them (active group) will receive 5 days of treatment with nebulized AZLI.The control group will not receive treatment.
The proposed study is a cluster randomized trial to test the effectiveness of a parental support programme in pre-school class to promote healthy dietary habits and physical activity and prevent obesity, delivered by teachers and school health services and in collaboration with primary care. The control condition is standard care in schools. The 6-month programme is carried out in schools in disadvantaged areas and is universal. It is based on Social Cognitive Theory and consists of four components: 1) Health information to parents regarding the child; 2) Motivational Interviewing with the parents by the school nurse concerning the child; 3) classroom activities for the children with home assignments; and 4) a web-based self-test of type-2 diabetes risk by parents, with follow-up in primary health care. The primary outcome is assessed as the difference between the intervention and the control group directly after the end of intervention at 6-months post baseline, and at follow-up 18 months post baseline, adjusted for baseline values. The outcome variables are the intake of unhealthy foods, unhealthy drinks, and healthy foods assessed by a newly developed method using photo-based dietary assessment. The secondary outcomes are physical activity and time spent sedentary measured by accelerometry, and measured BMI and waist circumference. Hypothetical mediator variables are parental self-efficacy and parenting practices regarding diet and physical activity assessed by questionnaire. Process evaluation will be performed through interviews and questionnaires to study how well the programme was implemented in terms of dose, fidelity, acceptability and feasibility. The programme is in line with the latest evidence regarding the prevention of childhood obesity: that schools should be a focal point of prevention efforts, interventions should involve multiple components, and include the home environment. If effective, it will fill a large knowledge gap concerning evidence-based health promotion practice within school health services to prevent overweight and obesity and in the long term reduce social inequalities in health.
The study evaluated if interactive theater in school sex education affects student knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding condom use. The intervention group got a play, value exercises, chlamydia games, condom school and interactive replay with professional actors and staff from a youth guidance center. The control group got standard sex education from school staff, based on the education guidelines of the Swedish National Agency for Education.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be very effective at preventing HIV infection among women at high-risk for HIV but is underused in this population. Periods of incarceration represent an opportunity to identify women at risk and link them to PrEP care as they leave jail or prison. This study aims to improve linkage to community-based PrEP care to reduce HIV acquisition in a high-need, underserved community.