View clinical trials related to Pneumonia, Aspiration.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different diluent volumes for the same dosage of colistin in mechanically ventilated respiratory patients receiving colistin inhalation therapy. The study aims to determine whether the diluent volume has an effect on clinical outcomes, including ICU length of stay, total hospitalization duration, duration of respiratory support within 28 days, mortality rates within 28 days and 90 days, as well as analyze the pharmacokinetic profile of colistin in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Additionally, the study will evaluate the incidence of nebulizer malfunctions and blockages. The findings of this research will help identify the optimal diluent volume for colistin inhalation therapy in clinical practice.
There is limited research on aspiration pneumonia-induced ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), and currently there is a lack of studies on corresponding biomarkers and pathogenic mechanisms. We hypothesize that pH and amylase in BAL (Bronchoalveolar Lavage) may serve as candidate biomarkers for inhalation-induced ARDS, while changes in different cytokines may provide clinical evidence for studying its pathogenic mechanisms.
Medicines with peptide-1 receptor agonist action similar to glucagon (GLP-1) are a modern therapeutic option for obesity and diabetes mellitus. Semaglutide is a representative of this class medication whose mechanism of action can result in the slowing of gastric emptying and reduced gastric motility, a scenario that can increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration in individuals undergoing anesthesia and despite adequate fasting. Given the severity of the occurrence of bronchoaspiration, the action biological analysis of GLP-1 analogues on gastric function and incremental use of these medications, through gastric ultrasound, we will aim to evaluate the gastric contents of volunteers who do not have risk factors for bronchoaspiration, who will not undergo anesthesia, but are with the fasting recommended for this purpose and are using semaglutide, an analogue of GLP-1. Our hypothesis is that the majority of individuals using these medications have a full stomach even during fasting times recommended in the literature. In view of this, for this population we must adapt safety criteria during the anesthetic procedure.
Aspiration pneumonia is a common complication in senior patients with high morbidity and mortality rate. The decline of physical function among elders can easily lead to swallowing disorders, and nasogastric (NG) tube insertion is an emergency medical treatment that provides patients with adequate hydration and nutrition. However, NG is easily dislodged after a long duration of placement; furthermore, lacking accurate feeding skills could also lead to aspiration pneumonia.
The aim of this study is to determine whether the fasting duration required for patients after consuming oral jelly is comparable to that after consuming water, prior to elective surgery. International guidelines for perioperative fasting recommend abstaining from clear fluids for 2 hours to minimize the risk of regurgitation and aspiration pneumonia. However, there are no specific recommendations regarding the perioperative management of jelly consumption. Current understanding emphasizes the benefits of minimizing preoperative fasting time, including preventing dehydration and metabolic complications like ketoacidosis, as well as potentially enhancing patient satisfaction. Oral jelly consumption may offer advantages by improving preoperative hydration and providing some nutritional support prior to procedures. This crossover study will involve 25 adult volunteers. In the first phase, participants will be randomly assigned to either oral intake of water or jelly, followed by the opposite intervention in the second phase. Gastric content and volume will be assessed using gastric ultrasound.
Although there are fasting guidelines offered by the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) for managing preoperative patient assessment, some patients may need to be more cautious about the risk of aspiration. Since ultrasound has been a part of perioperative anesthesiology practice, it is simple to assess gastric content preoperatively with bedside ultrasonography (USG). More research is necessary to define elective surgeries with a possible risk of aspiration. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the adequacy of standard fasting protocols in post-traumatic fracture surgery by measuring and evaluating gastric volume and content with USG in the preoperative operating room.
The goal of this pilot prospective cohort study is to examine the reproducibility of gastric volume and emptying as measured by gastric ultrasound and its correlation to a gold-standard test for gastric emptying in the perioperative period in pediatric patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: - What is the reliability (inter-rater variability between expert and novice assessors, and intra-rater variability) of a) the gastric antral cross-sectional area (CSA) and b) gastric volume using the Perlas US qualitative grading assessment, measured by using an ultrasound device in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery? - What is the correlation between ultrasound assessment of gastric emptying by the antral-CSA and gastric emptying determined by the acetaminophen absorption test (AAT), the gold standard? The study will include two cohorts. Cohort assignment will be based on age and anesthesia induction plan. Subjects >7yrs of age and expected to get an IV induction will be assigned to Cohort #1. Subjects <7yrs of age and not expected to get an IV induction will be assigned to Cohort #2. - Cohort 1 will include abdominal ultrasound for gastric assessment AND the acetaminophen absorption test which includes administering enteral acetaminophen (tylenol) with 6 oz of water and drawing of blood samples through a peripheral intravenous line. - Cohort 2 will include subjects for whom a peripheral intravenous line placement is not part of routine pre-operative care. Procedures for Cohort 2 will include abdominal ultrasound only in the pre-op area (no tylenol). This cohort is included to examine the reliability of measurements across age groups.
This is a case series study using gastric ultrasound in critically ill patients to quantify gastric residual volumes to compare the efficacy of different NPO protocols.
The hypothesis of this study is that esophageal and gastric dysmotility increase the risk of developing aspiration-associated symptoms in children with neurologic impairment. The investigators are conducting a ten week cross over study comparing prucalopride to famotidine for the treatment of aspiration-associated symptoms.
Because the cricoid force in children has not been quantified, clinicians wrongly used the 'adult' force. it has been found that the use of the adult force can result in compression and distortion of the child's airway and can lead to airway obstruction and difficult intubation. Based on known measurements of the cricoid surface area in children, the theoretical forces necessary to occlude the esophageal entrance have been calculated . These forces were found to be much less than the recommended adult force and much less than the forces that distort the airway as reported previously. Based on these theoretical calculations, the current study was performed to determine the effective cricoid force for pediatric groups (group 1 and group 2).