The Adjunctive Use of Melatonin Therapy in the Treatment of Obese Periodontitis Patients (Clinical and Immunological Study).

Periodontal Diseases Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Adjunctive Use of Systemic Melatonin Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis Associated With Obesity (Clinical and Immunological Study).

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04788979
• Other study ID #: melatonin and periodontitis
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Phase: Phase 1/Phase 2
• Start date: April 1, 2021
• Est. completion date: February 2022

Study information

• Verified date: March 2021
• Source: University of Baghdad
• Contact: Hussam sami, DR
• Phone: 07801350374
• Email: husamdentist.1991[@]gmail.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

To evaluate the effect of adjunctive systemic administration of melatonin to mechanical non- surgical periodontal therapy in obese patients with periodontitis.

Description:

Periodontitis defined as destruction of periodontal tissue caused by specific microorganisms resulting of pocket formation, recession and mobility.Obesity known to increase the host tolerance by influencing the immune and inflammatory mechanisms in a way that inflammatory tissue destruction is predisposed and leave a person at high risk of developing periodontitis.the relationship between periodontitis and obesity has been reported in several epidemiological and experimental studies.

Obesity can be a higher trigger of chronic stress , stress and how a person copes with stress has been shown to increase the risk of periodontitis.several studied have shown that preserving of normal weight by maintaining regular physical exercise is linked with a lower incidence of periodontitis.

As a matter of truth , overweight and obese individuals are more than twice as likely to have periodontitis compared to normal healthy persons. It has been suggested that obesity decreased the blood flow to periodontal tissue, enabling the development of periodontal disorders. The blood vessels of obese subjects demonstrate a thickening in the inner wall of arteries that reduce the flow of blood into periodontium. The adipocytes produce various active molecules called adipokines involving (TNF- α, IL-6, leptin, adiponectin and others). These compound secrete various molecules of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lowered antioxidant enzymes activity like (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and others). Thus modulating the effect of adipokines can lower the pathogenicity of periodontitis by reducing the effect of oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress appear to be the main link between obesity and periodontitis and can aggravates pro-inflammatory pathways frequent in both pathologies. Regarding the significance of oxidative stress in pathologies of both periodontitis and obesity, several antioxidants play an amazing role as a preventive and therapeutic measures for both diseases. Multiple studies had a greater evidence toward melatonin which have an active antioxidant properties , which is an indolamine produced mainly by pinealocytes. It has been documented that salivary melatonin were significantly decreased in patients with periodontal disease, indicated that melatonin may act as a biomarker for periodontal diagnosis and can be used as a possible therapeutic agent in various periodontal diseases.

It is indicated that adjunctive use of melatonin in combination with non-surgical scaling and root planning for 3 weeks can lead to improvement of clinical periodontal parameters in diabetic patients. It was demonstrated that daily dietary supplementation with 3mg melatonin tablet for 4 weeks along with scaling and root planning significantly reduced the oxidative stress in periodontitis patients.

similarly , significant reduction in gingival inflammation when melatonin administrated locally as adjunctive measure to standard periodontal therapy. Melatonin promote bone formation by activating type 1 collagen fibers in osteoblast and enhancing the genetic expression of bone sialoprotein , alkhaline phosphates, osteopontien and osteocalcine and downregulate the RANKL mediated osteoclast formation and activation.

It had been reported that circulatory serum level of melatonin significantly reduced in obesity .Supplementation of antioxidants in conjunction with other treatment modalities such as dietary changes, behavioral changes, and drug therapy might be beneficial in treatment of obesity and associated inflammatory states ., as melatonin participated in homeostasis and metabolism of energy through activation of brown adipose tissue and enhance energy expenditure. furthermore, significant reduction in body weight along with adipose tissue deposit when melatonin were administrated in obese subjects was reported in. Multiple studies reported that melatonin significantly increase HDL level and decrease TG and HDL level in addition to increased cholesterol catabolism.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 80
• Est. completion date: February 2022
• Est. primary completion date: December 20, 2021
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 27 Years to 54 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:The study involve three groups: the first one is control (healthy normal weight group).

The second one is experimental group which must have the following criteria:

1-latest sleep, obese patients diagnosed to have periodontitis with probing pocket depth = 5mm, 2-patients able to follow the required instruction.

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Exclusion Criteria:1-individuals having night work shifts. 2-patients wearing removable partial dentures and undergoing orthodontic treatment.

3-patient taking anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressant or oral contraceptives since last 3 months.

4-paients with diabetic mellitus, liver diseases, autoimmune diseases and osteoporosis.

5-pregnant or lactating women. 6-cancer patient. 7-smoker patient.

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Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Periodontal Diseases
• Periodontitis

Intervention

Drug:
• Melatonin 5Mg Oral Tablet
control without treatment obese periodontitis patients treated only by scaling and root planning obese periodontitis patients treated with scaling and root planning with daily dietary supplementation of 5 mg melatonin (NOW-USA)

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Iraq	university of Baghdad	Baghdad

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Baghdad

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Iraq, 

References & Publications (2)

Andersen LP, Rosenberg J, Gögenur I. Perioperative melatonin: not ready for prime time. Br J Anaesth. 2014 Jan;112(1):7-8. doi: 10.1093/bja/aet332. — View Citation

Gitto E, Aversa S, Reiter RJ, Barberi I, Pellegrino S. Update on the use of melatonin in pediatrics. J Pineal Res. 2011 Jan;50(1):21-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-079X.2010.00814.x. Epub 2010 Oct 1. Review. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	measurement of clinical periodontal parameters	plaque index; gingival index; bleeding on probing; pocket depth; relative attachment level all parameters are recorded by using periodontal probe.	4 weeks
Primary	measurement of biochemical markers in serum	measurement of receptor activator of nuclear KB receptor; measurement of total antioxidant capacity; measurement of melatonin level all markers are recorded by using Eliza	4 weeks
Secondary	measurement of lipid profiles in serum	cholesterol, triglycerides,HDL,LDL	4 weeks
Secondary	measurement of BMI	multiple measurements will be aggregated to arrive at one reported value (e.g., weight and height will be combined to report BMI in kg/m^2).	base line visit