Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Analgesic Prophylaxis , in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery

Pain Clinical Trial

Official title:

Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Analgesic Prophylaxis , in Patients Undergoing Cardiovascular Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05079672
• Other study ID #: SDCDT014/19/113
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: October 7, 2021
• Est. completion date: October 10, 2023

Study information

• Verified date: October 2021
• Source: University of Sao Paulo
• Contact: Luiz Antônio Machado César
• Phone: 551126617585
• Email: cappesq.adm[@]hc.fm.usp.br
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Acute pain is one of the complications after cardiothoracic surgeries . It can delay patients´recovery and may increase patients´morbity and mortality. This study intends to evaluate Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α- 2 receptor agonist, that is currently applied safely and efficiently in intraoperative cardiac surgery. It has analgesic, sedative, anxiolytic and sympatholytic properties, without respiratory- depressant effect. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the intraoperative use of dexmedetomidine is better than the standard analgesia used in the intraoperative period to reduce pain and the consequences of it.

Description:

This project is a prospective, double-blinded and randomized clinical trial. Eligible participants are assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group (Group Dexmedetomidine) or control group (Group Saline 0,9%), after written informed consent to be obtained. The patients will undergo elective cardiac surgery, with extracorporeal circulation.

In the operating room, patients will be monitored for pulse oximetry, invasive blood pressure, electrocardiograms, capnography, central venous pressure and nasopharyngeal temperature probe. Induction of anesthesia is performed with intravenous midazolam, fentanyl, etomidate and neuromuscular blocking agent. Anesthesia is maintained with sevoflurane. Dexmedetomidine, at the rate of 0,3μg/ kg/h, or placebo will be infused from the initiation of the anesthesia up to the end of the procedure, except during the cardiopulmonary by-pass. Placebo is a 0,9% saline. The follow up of the assessment of the groups will extend to the postoperative ICU, where data will be collected, during the first 24 hours after surgery.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 102
• Est. completion date: October 10, 2023
• Est. primary completion date: October 10, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients at least 18 years old and who are undergoing cardiac procedures (coronary artery bypass, valve replacement or combined procedure), with cardiopulmonary by- pass.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Congenital heart disease

• Infective endocarditis

• Acute myocardial infarction (<two weeks)

• Pregnancy

• Cancer

• Left ventricle ejection fraction < 40%

• Cardiogenic shock

• Emergent procedure

• Use of vasopressor and/or inotrope, in the preoperative

• Liver disfunction

• Renal replacement therapy

• Nephrectomy

• Previous renal transplantation

• Patients who are participating in another clinical research

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cardiopathy
• Coronary Artery Disease
• Heart Diseases
• Heart Valve Diseases
• Pain
• Valve Heart Disease

Intervention

Drug:
• Dexmedetomidine
Dexmedetomidine injectable solution, at the rate of 0,3µg/ kg/h, will be infused from the initiation of the anesthesia up to the end of the procedure, except during the cardiopulmonary by-pass.
• 0,9% Saline
Saline 0,9% will be infused from the initiation of the anesthesia up to the end of the procedure, except during the cardiopulmonary by- pass.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Brazil	Nova Esperança University Hospital	João Pessoa	Paraíba
Brazil	Heart Institute (InCor), Univ. of Sao Paulo Medical School	Sao Paulo

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Sao Paulo	Federal University of Paraíba

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Brazil, 

References & Publications (10)

Aho MS, Erkola OA, Scheinin H, Lehtinen AM, Korttila KT. Effect of intravenously administered dexmedetomidine on pain after laparoscopic tubal ligation. Anesth Analg. 1991 Aug;73(2):112-8. — View Citation

Bielka K, Kuchyn I, Babych V, Martycshenko K, Inozemtsev O. Dexmedetomidine infusion as an analgesic adjuvant during laparoscopic ?holecystectomy: a randomized controlled study. BMC Anesthesiol. 2018 Apr 20;18(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s12871-018-0508-6. — View Citation

Brandão PG, Lobo FR, Ramin SL, Sakr Y, Machado MN, Lobo SM. Dexmedetomidine as an Anesthetic Adjuvant in Cardiac Surgery: a Cohort Study. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 May-Jun;31(3):213-218. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20160043. — View Citation

Candiotti KA, Bergese SD, Bokesch PM, Feldman MA, Wisemandle W, Bekker AY; MAC Study Group. Monitored anesthesia care with dexmedetomidine: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial. Anesth Analg. 2010 Jan 1;110(1):47-56. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181ae0856. Epub 2009 Aug 27. — View Citation

Carollo DS, Nossaman BD, Ramadhyani U. Dexmedetomidine: a review of clinical applications. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2008 Aug;21(4):457-61. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0b013e328305e3ef. Review. — View Citation

Habibi V, Kiabi FH, Sharifi H. The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on the Acute Pain After Cardiothoracic Surgeries: A Systematic Review. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Jul-Aug;33(4):404-417. doi: 10.21470/1678-9741-2017-0253. — View Citation

Hall R. Identification of inflammatory mediators and their modulation by strategies for the management of the systemic inflammatory response during cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2013 Oct;27(5):983-1033. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2012.09.013. Epub 2012 Dec 29. Review. — View Citation

Kotfis K, Strzelbicka M, Zegan-Baranska M, Safranow K, Brykczynski M, Zukowski M, Ely EW; POL-BPS Study Group. Validation of the behavioral pain scale to assess pain intensity in adult, intubated postcardiac surgery patients: A cohort observational study - POL-BPS. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Sep;97(38):e12443. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000012443. — View Citation

Kundra S, Taneja S, Choudhary AK, Katyal S, Garg I, Roy R. Effect of a low-dose dexmedetomidine infusion on intraoperative hemodynamics, anesthetic requirements and recovery profile in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Apr-Jun;35(2):248-253. doi: 10.4103/joacp.JOACP_338_18. — View Citation

Talke P, Chen R, Thomas B, Aggarwall A, Gottlieb A, Thorborg P, Heard S, Cheung A, Son SL, Kallio A. The hemodynamic and adrenergic effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine infusion after vascular surgery. Anesth Analg. 2000 Apr;90(4):834-9. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Other	Time from the end of surgery to extubation.	This interval will be observed if the patient is not extubated at the end of the surgery. This will be noted in the medical record.	During the first 24 hours.
Other	Bleeding.	Bleeding after the surgery. This will be noted in the medical record.	During the first 24 hours.
Other	Cardiac arrhythmias.	Occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias. This will be noted in the medical record.	During the first 24 hours.
Other	Serum creatinine and urea.	The serum level of creatinine and urea will be observed, in the usual daily measure. This will be noted in the medical record.	During the first 24 hours.
Primary	Pain 24 hours after cardiac surgery.	The assessment of pain intensity, in patients with self- reporting, will be done by: Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) 0- 10. Possible score range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain ever ). The assessment of pain intensity, in patients on mechanical ventilation, will be done by: Behavioral Pain Scale, through facial expression (score 1-4), upper limb movement (score 1-5) and compliance with mechanical ventilation (score 1-3). Possible score range from 3 (no pain) to 12 (maximum pain).	24 hours after the cardiac surgery.
Secondary	Opioid consumption.	Opioid used for the pain control. This will be noted in the medical record.	During the first 24 hours.