View clinical trials related to Overweight.
Filter by:Primary Specific Aim 1: To compare the dose-responsive effects of vitamin D3 supplementations on 25(OH) D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum/urine calcium. Primary Specific Aim 2: To compare the dose-responsive effects of vitamin D3 supplementations on non-invasive vascular measures including pulse wave velocity (PWV), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid arterial compliance (CAC), carotid Intima-Media Thickness (cIMT), and 24-hours Ambulatory Blood Pressure (ABP) monitoring as well as casual BP.
Obesity prevention should remain a priority, although there is some evidence of a possible leveling off in some age groups across European countries and in USA, Japan and Australia. Besides adult health problems such as type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, obesity in childhood is associated with psychological and social problems, low self-esteem, stigmatization and being teased and bullied by friends. Danish research suggests that the causes behind the increase in obesity occurrence are present already in early childhood, and that prevention of obesity therefore has to start early. Research has suggested that at least three sub-groups can be considered susceptible to develop obesity: Children with obesity among their 1st degree relatives; children with a high birth weight or children coming from socially disadvantaged families (low socioeconomic status). Earlier intervention programs has showed little effect in preventing excessive weight gain and knowledge on how to develop effective intervention programs that reduce overweight and obesity remains limited. It has been suggested that future prevention programs may be more successful if specifically targeting groups that are at high risk, as mention above, of excessive weight gain. Based on these suggestions, the "Sund Start" project was initiated. The purpose of the study was to determine whether aiming prevention towards 2-6 years old Danish children who were yet normal weight, but were considered susceptible to develop overweight or obese could prevent later on risk of becoming overweight or obese. Furthermore, to investigate if it was possible to improve diet habits, increase physical activity, reduce stress and improve sleeping habits among children at high risk for later on overweight and obesity. The "Sund Start" project will contribute with knowledge about whether targeting normal weight, predisposed children is effective in preventing overweight and obesity, and if reduced stress and improved sleep, should be considered important new obesity prevention tools. Moreover, the project will contribute with knowledge about how to change lifestyle and its effects on development of overweight and obesity in high risk Danish preschool children.
By affecting the gastroesophageal pressure gradient, obesity predisposes to reflux of gastric contents. The investigators hypothesized that the loss of weight will decrease this gradient and as a result decrease the severity and frequency of GERD symptoms. GERD negatively affects health related quality of life. Since loss of weight may decrease gastroesophageal reflux, the investigators hypothesized that it obesity contributes to poor quality of life in GERD subjects and losing weight should also favorably impact and improve quality of life in GERD patients.
Strong and consistent evidence have shown that overweight, including obesity, is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. Several studies have found an association between overweight in childhood and increased risk of morbidity and mortality later in life. The prevalence of overweight in children and adolescents has increased in recent years, and consequently it is important to identify effective approaches in the prevention and treatment of overweight in young individuals. Approaches such as resident weight loss camps have shown promising results. A residential camp setting provides an opportunity to increase and control exposure to, for instance, particular foodstuffs, beverages and physical activity opportunities. However, well-designed studies with sufficient participants are still needed on the reversal of overweight in childhood with increased focus on documenting predictors of behavior changes associated with decreases in overweight. This study is carried through as a randomized controlled trial which investigates the effect of participating in a 6 week health promoting resident for overweight fifth grade children camp followed by 46 weeks of family support. The study hypothesis is that participating in a 6 week resident camp and a following period of 46 weeks of child and family support will induce a reduction in body mass index (BMI). In addition it is expected that the intensity and duration intervention program is sufficient to cause changes in physiological parameters related to a reduced risk of lifestyle diseases.
Obesity is a very important risk-factor in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and other sleep breathing disorders in patients with extreme BMI. Candidates for bariatric surgery have a high OSA prevalence, ranging from 60-83%. The characteristics of patients with sleep apnea that were evaluated for bariatric surgery and had a full overnight polysomnography (PSG) screening for OSA were described and it was found that a very high prevalence (77.2%) for OSA in all subjects evaluated, regardless of pre-operative risk for OSA. A post-bariatric surgery PSG was not a part of this study. The investigators would like to demonstrate the impact of bariatric surgery on OSA as a function of time.
Background: Recent evidence from several countries has emerged suggesting that the increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity has slowed down substantially, or even leveled off. Also in Switzerland this trend has been observed. In 2002, 20.3% and 19.1% of boys and girls, respectively, were overweight or obese in Switzerland. In 2007, the prevalence of overweight was significantly lower, with 11.3% and 9.9% of school-aged boys and girls, respectively, being overweight or obese. Further trend analyses are necessary to confirm that the stabilizing trend observed reflects a long-term change in the rates of childhood overweight and obesity. Objective and Methods: The aim of the present study is to repeat the 2002 and 2007 national studies, in order to monitor the trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-12 year old children in Switzerland during this 5 respectively 10 year time period. Height and weight will be measured and used to calculate body mass index (BMI). BMI references form the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will be used to determine the prevalence of underweight (< 5th percentile), overweight (≥ 85th and < 95th percentile) and obesity (≥ 95th percentile). Waist and hip circumference will be measured. Moreover, skinfold thicknesses and bioelectrical impedance analysis will be performed to calculate body fat percentage.
Pilot study to determine whether daily consumption of blackraspberry powder (high in polyphenols) can reduce markers of inflammation and to determine whether genetics influence baseline levels of inflammatory markers as well as individual's response to polyphenols. A total of 10 males participated in this cross-over study.
Physician counseling for physical activity, dental services, and academic support services such as tutoring could be improved through physician knowledge of local community resources and physician counseling directing patients to such services that are near the patient's residential address. This study will test the hypothesis that an electronic medical record enhanced with geographic information systems can improved physician counseling for physical activity, dental services, and academic support services by identifying services that are near the patient's residential address and informing MD's of such info at the point of care.
This study will test the effectiveness of two distinct treatments for weight loss: 1. Motivational Interviewing 2. Nutritional Counseling. These treatments will be compared to Treatment as Usual. Participants will be recruited through local primary care offices.
Maintaining a healthy body weight is a major challenge for the majority of Canadians. A lifestyle strategy that promotes maintenance of a healthy body weight and, perhaps most importantly, can be incorporated into daily life with relative ease is essential. This study will determine if an effective strategy includes increased physical activity in conjunction with higher intakes of dairy products immediately following exercise. Fifty-six overweight adult males who do not regularly exercise will be assigned to one of four groups for 12 weeks. All groups will preform 12 weeks of exercise training (1 hour of cycling per day, 5 times per week). Two groups will consume supplemental low fat milk (3 servings per day) with one these groups consuming it immediately after exercise while the other will consume it either well before or long after the exercise session. The other two groups will consume a carbohydrate drink that has the same amount of energy as the low fat milk, with one of these groups consuming the drink right after exercise and the other another group will consume it either well before or long after the exercise session. Markers of health status including body weight, muscle mass, and bone mass will be measured at the start and after the 12- week intervention. The investigators anticipate that providing the low fat milk immediately after exercise will result in the most favorable changes in health outcomes, and provide a realistic lifestyle intervention for overweight individuals to attain a healthy body weight, and by doing so, optimize their ability to prevent chronic disease.