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Filter by:Recent advances in molecular diagnostics of tuberculosis, especially the GeneXpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin test have reduced the time to diagnose Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis (RR-TB) but only rifampicin resistance is diagnosed, leading to presumptive diagnosis of resistance to isoniazid and maybe other drugs. Thus in low and middle income countries, most drug sensitivity testing relies on phenotypic drug resistance testing, which takes up to 4 months. In addition, currently, culture on monthly sputum samples is recommended by the World Health Organization for follow-up of Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis patients under treatment. Unfortunately, culture is often not locally available and samples need to be transported from field to culture laboratories. The associated transport delays lead to high rates of contamination and false negative culture, particularly in laboratories in low resource settings. Many gaps for the diagnosis and management of RR-TB patients still need to be addressed and the DIAMA project (DIAgnostics for Multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Africa) study aims to address some of them.
Prospective, multicenter observational study to collect Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates originating from mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients; in order to characterize phenotype and genotype of E. coli strains retrieved from the lower respiratory tract of ventilated patients.
Pulmonary vascular dysfunction (DVP) is associated with a pejorative prognosis during ARDS. There is no specific therapeutic intervention to thwart it. Extracorporeal CO2 purification (ECCO2-R) is a technique that has been very rapidly diffused and adopted in intensive care since commercialization of the devices but, the formal clinical evaluation is insufficient. It could significantly improve the prognosis of patients with both DVP and refractory hypercapnia.
During major surgical procedures general anesthesia is used to make the patient unconscious. General anesthesia insures that the patient is unaware of any pain caused by surgery. General anesthesia also prevents the patient from moving to prevent any potential surgical error. At the same time general anesthesia makes it impossible for the patient to breathe. To help the patient breathe a breathing tube is placed into the patient's airway and connected to the mechanical ventilator. A mechanical ventilator is an artificial breathing pump, which delivers gas into a patient's airways. The purpose of this research study is to determine if brief periods of diaphragm stimulation can prevent diaphragm problems caused by the use of mechanical ventilators and surgery. To answer this question the changes in the genes responsible for maintaining diaphragm function will be studied. A gene is the code present in each cell in your body and controls the behavior of that cell. In addition, the changes in the contractile properties of muscle fibers will be studied. The results from this study may help develop new treatments to prevent diaphragm weakness resulting from mechanical ventilation use.
The shoulder pain is commonly seeing in orthopedic consultation. Many patients was affected in activities of daily living and in laborer absent. One of the first treatment lines is the steroid infiltration for pain relieve, however in several times is only effective by a short period of time, and the symptoms usually appear again. One of the not known infiltration is the high volumen infiltration in subacromial space, this treatment appears to be an effective treatment for this patients.
The purpose of this study is to conduct a pilot trial of a Precision Dosing approach to alemtuzumab dosing for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation of patients with non-malignant diseases. The investigators will measure the ability to use a population PK model of alemtuzumab to target patient Day 0 alemtuzumab levels to 0.15-0.6ug/mL in a pilot study of 20 patients.
Colorectal illness contributes significantly to the global burden of disease. Cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and diverticulosis result in substantial patients suffering and health care expenditures. The causes of colorectal diseases remain unclear. New data suggests that intestinal bacteria may play a major role in the causal chain for many diseases, and the research on the microbial environment in the colon in relation to bowel disease is increasingly intense although the possibility for analysis of the composition of bacteria in the gut has so far been limited. However, new analytic methods based on powerful DNA sequencing, opens new opportunities. In the surgical clinic at Danderyds hospital, Stockholm, 2500 colonoscopies are performed per year. The investigators have created a biobank with mucosal samples from patient's large bowel and will consecutively include all patients scheduled for colonoscopy during one year (N=2500). Biopsies from the colonic mucosa will be analysed in collaboration with the Clinical Genomics, Science for Life laboratory (Karolinska Institutet). In Phase 1, the association between specific bacteria and colorectal disease will be investigated (hypothesis generating phase). In Phase 2, the investigators aim to identify specific bacterial biomarkers that could be used as screening tools, and lay the ground for future new treatments for colorectal disease. Early detection and new treatment regimes would result in both significant patient benefits as well as reductions in healthcare costs.
The authors aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of CaO-SiO2-P2O5-B2O3 glass ceramics with PEEK cage that is widely used for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery in the clinical field.
This study is to compare the clinical outcome between the biportal endoscopic decompression and the unilateral approach bilateral decompression in spinal stenosis
The aim of this observational study is to compare Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and Teriflunomide on both clinical and MRI outcomes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) from French Observatory of Multiple Sclerosis (French MS cohort )