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Filter by:Background: Non-adherence to medication among patients on chronic hemodialysis compromises treatment effects and results in increased morbidity, mortality and extensive costs to the healthcare system. To our knowledge, no studies have investigated the prevalence of non-adherence among Danish hemodialysis patients using a validated measure of non-adherence. Aim: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of non-adherence among Danish patients on chronic hemodialysis measured by self-report. Our second aim was to explore patients' beliefs about medicines and potential associations between beliefs and non-adherence to medication. Our third aim was to explore the prevalence and severity of physical and emotional symptoms and potential associations with non-adherence to medication. Design: A multi-centre cross-sectional study according to the STROBE statement will be conducted from May 2019 - April 2021. The study will take place in the outpatient hemodialysis centres at three large University Hospitals in the Capital Region of Denmark.
Studies in recent years have demonstrated that the commensal intestinal flora (microbiome) plays a key role in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). An unfavourable microbiom can trigger disease development and progression. On the other hand, recent data show that modulation of the microbiom by a diet can prevent the developement of a NASH. Mechanisms of interaction between nutrition, microbiome, intestine and liver are largely unknown. In this research project, the effect of a fibre-rich oat bran on NASH will therefore be investigated. A better understanding of the interaction between diet, microbiome, intestine and liver could form the basis for new preventive therapies of NASH.
The study is a 2-arm cluster randomized controlled trial to be conducted with 450 trans women to assess the effectiveness of the Trans Women Connected mobile app. Those in the treatment arm will be provided with the Trans Women Connected app, to be downloaded to their own device, and asked to use it during a month period. Those in the control arm will be asked to download a general health app and use it during a month period. Participants will complete brief online surveys at baseline, immediately following the app-use period (1-month post baseline), and at 3- and 6-months following baseline. The baseline and follow-up assessments will collect data on demographic characteristics, measures related to our primary and secondary outcomes, and psychosocial measures. The primary outcome measures are self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV testing and sex without a condom, with secondary measures including sexual risk behaviors, health care visits, perceived social support/connectedness, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, self-efficacy in negotiation/communication, and comfort with gender identity and appearance. In addition, process data, such as forum content, and usage data will be collected and analyzed.
In this study researcher want to learn more about the overall survival in patients suffering from prostate gland cancer which spread outside the prostate to other parts of the body who received either a novel anti-hormone therapy (NAH) or Radium-223 (Xofigo) after a prior NAH therapy (first line treatment). Additionally the researchers are also interested in the occurrence of bone fractures and other skeletal events. Basis for this study will be the US based Flatiron database which provides access to clinical data for cancer patients.
The main purpose of this prospective study is to demonstrate the therapeutic equivalence of topical brinzolamide compared with AzoptTM
Non-invasive neuromodulation, such as transcranial direct current stimulation ( tDCS) , is emerging as an important therapeutic tool with documented effects on brain circuitry, yet little is understood about h ow it changes cognition. In particular, tDCS may have a critical role to play in generalization, that is how training in one domain generalizes to unlearned or unpracticed domains. This problem has resonance for disorders with cognitive deficits, such as schizophrenia. Understanding how tDCS affects brain circuity is critical to the design and application of effective interventions, especially if the effects are different for healthy vs. psychiatric populations. In previous research, one clue to the mechanism underlying increased learning and generalization with tDCS was provided by neuroimaging data from subjects with schizophrenia undergoing cognitive training where increases in thalamocortical (prefrontal) functional connectivity (FC) predicted greater generalization. The premise of this proposal is that increases in thalamocortical FC are associated with the generalization of cognitive training, and tDCS facilitates these increases. The overarching goals of this proposal are to deploy neuroimaging and cognitive testing to understand how tDCS with cognitive training affect thalamocortical circuitry in individuals with and without psychosis and to examine variability in response within both groups. Study 1 will compare right prefrontal, left prefrontal and sham tDCS during concurrent cognitive training over 12 weeks in 90 healthy controls. Study 2 will be similar in all aspects but will examine 90 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and include clinical assessments. Results of the study will provide crucial information about location of stimulation, length of treatment, modeled dosage, trajectory and durability needed to guide future research and interventions for cognitive impairments.
Ketamine is a drug used for anesthesia but at low doses it is a very effective pain reliever in several chronic conditions. Preliminary studies have shown that ketamine might be effective for patients with refractory chronic migraine, which is a severe type of headache for which patients usually have tried and failed many medications and can cause severe disability to their lives. This study will evaluate ketamine prospectively when given to patients who have "failed" an initial inpatient treatment.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition which is a common cause of disability in young people. It is thought to be an autoimmune condition, where the body's immune system begins to attack itself. The cause of MS is unknown but is thought to be a mix of genetic and environmental factors. There are treatments available for early stages of MS, but the later stage known as Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS) has no current treatment. Statins are a safe treatment traditionally used to reduce cholesterol levels. However, statins also have other effects which could reduce the progression of SPMS, such as effects on the immune system and circulation. A recent study (Chataway et al., 2014) showed that treatment with high-dose simvastatin, a type of statin, reduced the progression of SPMS but no effect on the immune system was seen. It is possible that simvastatin does not treat the immune system but improves how the blood and blood vessels in the brain work in this disease. The purpose of the clinical trial is to test how Simvastatin (80mg/day) may slow down disease progression in people living with SPMS compared to placebo (dummy pill). Participants will receive either Simvastatin or placebo and will be asked to take 2 tablets daily, for up to 17 weeks.
This was a Phase II randomized, open-label, multicenter, efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study assessing four iptacopan doses in adult Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) patients with active hemolysis who were not on eculizumab or any other complement inhibitor less than 3 months prior to first iptacopan dose. Active hemolysis was defined by a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) value ≥ 1.5 × ULN.
This trial studies how well a parenting skills intervention works in improving medication adherence in pediatric cancer patients. The parenting skills intervention provides support and skills training to parents who administer medicine daily to their child and may improve the childs taking of medications correctly as prescribed by the doctor. Ultimately, this may improve treatment outcomes, among children who are experiencing an illness.