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Filter by:This study will compare medically-supervised withdrawal (MSW, 'detoxification') to opioid agonist treatment (OAT, 'maintenance') with buprenorphine for pregnant women with opioid use disorder in terms of maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes. Outcomes will be assessed during pregnancy, at birth and for 12 months postpartum. This study has the potential to impact health service policy and practices in terms of the treatment options of pregnant women with opioid use disorder.
The investigators will calculate values of absolute and relative reliability for intrarater reliability when the measures are taken during a hemodialysis treatment day and during a non-dialysis day. Interrater reliability between two different observers will be also calculated
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), one of the most common liver dysfunctions, affects about one-fourth of the global adult population and has a significant mortality rate between 6.3% and 33%.NAFLD can lead to other serious illnesses. The disease is associated with a group of metabolic comorbid conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, hypertension, and hyper-cholesterolemia, which are potential risk factors for progressive liver disease.This study sought to evaluate the therapeutic effect of berberine on the liver function and metabolic profiles of patients with NAFLD. In this context,A six week, open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted in a single medical center at Takestan Hospital, Iran. A total of 281 patients with NAFLD were enrolled and randomly assigned to treatment arm with (n=24) or without (n=24) berberine. All patients had received pre-randomization lifestyle training including recommendations on low-fat diet. Blood examinations were performed to evaluate glucose, lipid profile, and liver enzymes both at the beginning of the study and upon the completion of the trial (day 45). To assess tolerability of the study intervention and any possible adverse events, patients in both groups were required to attend weekly follow-up visits.
Heart failure is the most common hospital admission diagnosis and shows increasing incidence and prevalence in Germany, the United States and worldwide. Improvements in the primary treatment conditions for e.g. myocardial infarction and reduced primary mortality has resulted in an increasing group of patients with secondary cardiac abnormalities including chronic heart failure. Progressive cardiac dysfunction and failure are associated with exercise intolerance, volume retention, nocturia, dyspnoea among others. The most severe progression of heart failure is cardiac decompensation (also called: acute heart failure) and cardiogenic shock. Volume retention, abnormal renal function and diuretic resistance are hallmarks of this clinical phenotype. Currently, the only available treatment is diuresis through various combinations of diuretics and the addition of cardiac inotropes when cardiac hypoperfusion is documented. Patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) often develop a state of diuretic resistance characterized by a need of rising dosages of diuretics for adequate diuresis and urine production. ADHF patients also show metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Empagliflozin is a potent and selective inhibitor of the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. By inhibiting SGLT2, empagliflozin reduces renal glucose reabsorption and increases urinary glucose excretion. In addition to reducing hyperglycaemia, empagliflozin is associated with osmotic diuresis, reductions in weight and blood pressure without increases in heart rate, and has favourable effects on markers of arterial stiffness and vascular resistance. The investigators propose a single center exploratory study to test the hypothesis that the application of empagliflozin in addition to standard diuretic regimens increases urine output, decreases the need for further acceleration of diuretic regimens, and positively influences renal function as well as metabolism including insulin resistance in ADHF patients. Thereby, empagliflozin may be effective in the prevention of complex cardio metabolic alterations involved in ADHF.
Evidence is lacking about scalable, effective and sustainable interventions to increase physical activity and concomitant outcomes in young children. Therefore, the investigators will conduct a large cluster randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of physical activity professional development of preschool staff on preschool physical activity practices and child health and development over 6 and 18 months. The aim is to recruit 60 preschools and 1200 children aged 3-5 years in one county in the western part of Norway to allow for detecting small to moderate effect sizes and ensuring a heterogeneous sample of preschools for the study of implementation. Children's physical development, children's socio-emotional and cognitive development, and intervention implementation will be investigated. The intervention will be developed with strong user involvement from municipalities and relevant stakeholders to facilitate the development of sustainable solutions.
A harmonious family relationship has significant effects on the psychological well-being and development of children. Good communication between parents and children is a crucial element for family health, happiness and harmony. However, communication within Hong Kong families is vastly inadequate partly due to our busy urban lifestyle. The 3Hs Family Drama Project (Phase 2) was an enhanced version of the 3Hs Family Drama Project to promote health, happiness, harmony (3Hs), healthy eating and physical activity in primary school students. Students watched the interactive live drama (long or short version) and are given DVD and worksheets. Students were encouraged to watch the DVD with other family members at home. The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and satisfaction levels of teachers, parents and students towards the drama project.
This is a multi-center, randomized, open-label, positive-controlled (propofol) phase II clinical trial. The study plans to enroll approximately 46 eligible subjects. Among them, 40 subjects will be randomly assigned to HSK3486 treatment group (30 cases) and propofol control group (10 cases) in a ratio of 3:1. The subjects will be enrolled competitively at all study sites. Upon enrollment of the 40 subjects, 6 more subjects will be enrolled by West China Hospital of Sichuan University. These 6 subjects will not be randomized, but will directly enter into propofol induction + HSK3486 maintenance group for study.
This is a crossover study utilizing a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and a whole-food, plant-based diet among subjects with type 2 diabetes who require insulin. Outcomes are short-term changes in insulin requirements and changes in various biomarkers.
To evaluate the usability of the Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (CAD) test in children. To determine the prevalence of colour vision deficiency (CVD) among Turkish children, to identify the class of deficiency and to quanify severity of loss.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a procedure that has been shown to improve pain in chronic sufferers. It is a well-tolerated procedure that can be performed on an outpatient basis. It uses a plastic covered coil that sends a magnetic pulse through the skull into the brain and by targeting particular areas in the brain it can be used to help modulate the perception of pain. The study intends to use this technique to treat such a disabling symptom in patients who suffer from Parkinson's Disease (PD). Initially the aim is to study this technique in 48 patients who are suffering from pain and have PD. These patients would require an EEG before and after the stimulation. The stimulation would be performed over ten sessions and the patients would be assessed by a clinician using well recognized clinical tools. It is anticipated that there will be a meaningful improvement in pain. It is also anticipated that TMS is a safe technique to use in patients with PD. The study will be used to help plan a future study that compares TMS with sham technique to prove whether TMS could be an option in the treatment of such a disabling condition.