Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Trial
Official title:
Evaluation of the Effect of Cranberry Whole Fruit Powder on Gut Microbiota Diversity, Intestinal Health and Metabolic Syndrome in Overweight Individuals: a Proof-of-concept Study
It is of major importance to refine prevention strategies in order to alleviate inflammation, insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome and it appear that improving gut health and microbiota represent a promising strategy. Cranberry-enriched diets may help prevent metabolic syndrome and its associated chronic diseases by a protective effect of gut health and microbiota. It is therefore highly relevant to test the hypothesis that a whole cranberry powder supplements (which include a mixture of polyphenols, free and fiber-associated proanthocyanidins, and fruits fibers) is associated with changes on the gut health and microbiota playing a major role in alleviating inflammation and obesity-associated metabolic disorders.
Over the past decade it has become clear that the gut microbiota is a key determinant of
obesity and that its perturbations by nutritional insults play a significant role in the
development of metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes,
cardiovascular diseases and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Indeed, there is growing
amounts of studies that have shown that dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota promotes
obesity-linked chronic inflammation, and is causally related to diet-induced type 2 diabetes.
Our group recently published that a polyphenol-rich cranberry extract exert striking effect
on the gut microbiota of high-fat and high-sucrose fed mice, which was associated with
prevention of diet-induced weight gain, visceral obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic
steatosis. Notably, metagenomic analyses of feces of the cranberry extract-treated mice
suggested that these metabolic effects were associated with a dramatic increase in the
proportion of Akkermansia muciniphila, a dominant commensal bacterium in the intestinal mucus
layer which has received particular attention in the last few years since its abundance is
associated with improved metabolic health and beneficial responses to various interventions
in both mice and humans with obesity and diabetes. Polyphenols are now recognized as potent
molecules capable to protect against obesity-linked metabolic diseases and dysbiosis. Among
polyphenols, there is increasing evidence supporting the beneficial impact of dietary
proanthocyanidins. Cranberries being rich in proanthocyanidins, we believe that these
phyto-elements could be associated to their beneficial effects. On the other hand, apart from
the recognized beneficial effects of fibers on gut health, their association with high
molecular proanthocyanidins could also contribute to their health benefits.
The main objective of this study is to investigate in a cross-over randomized
placebo-controlled clinical trial the beneficial properties of a whole cranberry powder on
gut microbiota, intestinal health and metabolic syndrome parameters in overweight men.
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