View clinical trials related to Metabolic Syndrome X.
Filter by:The objective of this study is to determine the combined effects of a high-protein diet and high-intensity training on metabolic syndrome risk factors in women aged 30-65.
This project will examine whether short-term (over a 12-hour period) pharmacological lowering of the stress hormone 'cortisol' improves the nervous system response to food intake in overweight or obese individuals who have metabolic syndrome. The investigators know from our previous research that overweight/obese persons who are insulin resistant, have a blunted sympathetic nervous response to carbohydrate ingestion. This means that they are less able to dissipate energy from caloric intake, which would favour the maintenance of the obese state. Cortisol adversely impacts on insulin action and transport into the brain and cortisol levels are often elevated in persons with central (abdominal) obesity. A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design will be used to compare the effects of overnight treatment with metyrapone (15 mg/kg at midnight and 15 mg/kg at 6 am) versus placebo on sympathetic nervous system activity in response to a standard 75-g oral sugar (glucose) tolerance test. A 2 week washout will separate treatments. Metyrapone is a drug that reversibly inhibits the enzyme 11beta-hydroxylase, and therefore the production of cortisol. It is used clinically to test the activity of the adrenal gland (the key site of cortisol production) and the pituitary gland. The investigators anticipate that at the dosage used, it will lower blood cortisol concentration by 44 to 64% during the experimental morning. The study protocol comprises two screening visits and two experimental mornings. Key procedures will include: - Assessment of insulin action (sensitivity) using the gold standard 'clamp' method. - Measurement of sympathetic nervous system activity by both biochemical methods (isotope dilution which provides a measure of the apparent rate of release of 'noradrenaline'-the key neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system) and direct intra-neuronal nerve recordings from the peroneal nerve in the lower leg. - Indirect calorimetry to assess resting metabolic rate and the response to sugar ingestion. - DEXA scan to quantify fat and lean mass. - Assessment of arterial elasticity and calf blood flow by non-invasive methods. - A standard 75g oral sugar tolerance test. The results will provide important new information regarding the role of cortisol on nervous system function in overweight/obese individuals.
Dietary fibers including resistent starch, RS, and arabinoxylans, AX, have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects and to change the composition of the faecal micro flora in the colon. In this unblinded dietary intervention cross-over study 20 subjects with metabolic syndrome are randomized to two types of diet intervention: a low and a high fiber diet. The participants are subjected to endoscopy before and in the end of each intervention.
The study is being conducted to test the ability of a simple questionnaire to detect mild, moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea. The investigators are also investigating whether adding the size of the neck and waist can add to the accuracy of the questionnaire. The study will be conducted at the Center for Sleep Medicine at Tufts Medical Center. The investigators hope to enroll 250 patients in our study at Tufts Medical Center.
Since uncontrolled observational studies first linked fructose to the epidemic of obesity almost a decade ago, it has become a focus of intense concern regarding its role in the obesity epidemic and increasing burden of cardiometabolic disease. Despite the uncertainties in the evidence, international health organizations have cautioned against moderate to high intakes fructose-containing sugars, especially those from sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations are based, the investigators propose to study of the role of fructose-containing sugars in the development of overweight/obesity, diabetes, hypertension, gout, and cardiovascular disease, by undertaking a series of systematic syntheses of the available prospective cohort studies. Prospective cohort studies have the advantage of relating "real world" intakes of sugars to clinically meaningful disease endpoints over long durations of follow-up. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Since uncontrolled observational studies first linked fructose to the epidemic of obesity almost a decade ago, it has become a focus of intense concern regarding its role in the obesity epidemic. Despite the uncertainties in the evidence,the recommendations of international health organizations have cautioned against moderate to high intakes fructose-containing sugars, especially those from sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). To improve the evidence on which nutrition recommendations are based, the investigators propose to study of the effect of fructose-containing sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs)on body weight, by undertaking a systematic synthesis of the data taken from all available clinical studies in humans. This technique has the strength of allowing all of the available data to be pooled together and differences to be explored in groups of different study participants (healthy humans of different sex, weight, and age and in those with diseases which predispose to disturbances in metabolism, such as diabetes) with dietary fructose in different forms, doses, and with differing durations of exposure. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Dietary pulses (beans, peas, chickpeas, and lentils), more commonly known as "legumes", are generally recognized as healthy components of the diet. Canada's Food Guide encourages consumptions of meat alternatives, such as beans "more often"; and the dietary guidelines for Americans both recommend consumption of 3 cups of legumes per week. However, there remains insufficient information on the usefulness of these foods in protecting heart health. To improve evidence-based guidance for dietary pulse recommendations, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review of the effect of dietary pulse consumption on after-meal blood sugar levels, appetite, and food intake regulation to help explain their mechanism for improving longterm blood sugar and body weight control. The systematic review process allows the combining of the results from many small studies in order to arrive at a pooled estimate, similar to a weighted average, of the true effect. The investigators will be able to explore whether eating pulses has different effects between men and women, in different age groups and background disease states, and whether or not the effect of pulses depends on the dose and background diet. The findings of this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of Canadians through informing recommendations for the general public, as well as those at risk of heart disease and diabetes.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of intragastric balloon on bone, metabolic and respiratory parameters in 50 patients with metabolic syndrome.
The objectives of this clinical trial are to evaluate the effectiveness of an iridoid enriched beverage containing noni and cornelian juices and olive leaf extract on advanced glycation end product levels.
The purpose of this study is to examine in detail the acute and chronic effects of pitavastatin on plasma lipid transport and atheroma biomarkers in patients at elevated risk for the premature development of atherosclerosis (CAPITAIN).