View clinical trials related to Metabolic Disturbance.
Filter by:Despite exercise training decrease blood fasting glicaemy in 'average' terms, there is a wide inter-individual variability after exercise training explored mainly in adults but not in adults with prediabetes comorbidities. Thus, is yet unknown the effects and influence of the concurrent training (CT) eliciting responders (R) and non-responders (NR) cases (i.e., percentage of subjects who experienced a non-change/worsened response after training in some metabolic outcomes).
The PURPOSE of this study is to investigate the combined influence of 2-weeks blueberry ingestion and banana ingestion (during exercise) on performance and in mitigating metabolic perturbation, immune dysfunction, and increase in inflammation following a 75-km cycling time trial. We hypothesize that the combination of 2-weeks ingestion of blueberries (versus placebo) and acute ingestion of bananas (versus water alone) during 75-km cycling will: 1. Enhance performance. 2. Attenuate the magnitude of metabolic perturbation due to exercise (using a targeted panel of metabolites) which may be associated with increased plasma levels of beneficial gut-derived phenolics. 3. Attenuate post-exercise inflammation (as measured with cytokines, muscle damage markers, regulatory lipid mediators, ex-vivo monocyte cell cultures, and targeted immune proteins including S100A8 and S100A12). 4. Counter post-exercise downturns in innate immune function (natural killer cell lytic activity), and viral defense (using an ex-vivo cell culture with Hela cells).
In this study, we aim to determine whether the combination of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Thiamine (Vitamin B1), and Corticosteroids improves the trajectory of organ failure and reduces mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock as compared to placebo.
This experiment consists on a 20-day reduction in daily step in free-living active individuals to induce physical inactivity. This will be used to test the efficacy of the anti-oxidant cocktail we aim to test as a new countermeasure in 2016 during the 60-d bed rest planed by ESA/CNES. The objective of this study is to investigate whether the cocktail of natural antioxidants XXS-2A comprising vitamin E and coupled with omega-3 helps to prevent and / or reduce the glucose intolerance and improve oxidative defenses induced by 20 days of physical inactivity through daily step reduction Although physical inactivity is reported to affect glucose tolerance within days of inactivity, we selected a period of 20 days for the effect of the cocktail to take place and assess secondary molecular mechanisms. The effect of this short period of inactivity on metabolism will moreover be boosted during the last 10 days by taking fructose, a sugar found in abundance in fruits, honey and juices, which is known to quickly trigger metabolic deregulation.
Metabolism is increasingly recognized as being highly regulated by anticipatory biological rhythms (circadian rhythms or "biorhythms"), which are driven by molecular feedback loops, and which are approximately 24 hours long ("circa diem"). These circadian rhythms exist both centrally, in the brain, but also in the periphery, and are specific to many tissues depending on their main biological function or functions. Whereas these circadian rhythms have been thoroughly characterized in other organisms, their role in humans remain poorly understood, partly because of the difficulty in studying these rhythms in peripheral tissues. The investigators therefore aim to characterize these rhythms in primarily skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in healthy young volunteers (using the so-called constant routine paradigm), and how these rhythms interact with one another at various genetic and molecular levels. At the same time, the investigators aim to study how an unhealthy vs. healthy diet can alter these circadian rhythms, and how they interact with circadian rhythms in other tissue compartments such as those expressed by blood cells.
This study is a randomized crossover trial to compare the effectiveness of interrupting SB on glucose homeostasis in the lab and free-living settings. All participants (N=56) will complete one screening visit to determine eligibility, complete at fitness test, and body composition analysis by bioelectrical impedance. After 7-21 days, all participants will complete two 3-hour in-lab oral glucose tolerance tests (spaced 7-21 days apart). Prior to the in-lab OGTT visits, participants will wear an activity monitor for 7 days on the right thigh. The experimental conditions for the OGTTs will be: 1) 3-hour OGTT of continuous sitting; and 2) 3-hour OGTT with sitting interrupted every 30 minutes with 3-minutes of moderate intensity walking on a treadmill. There will be a 7-21 day washout period between the OGTT visits. In addition, a subset of participants (N=12) who meet inclusion criteria and who successfully complete both OGTT visits will complete a second randomized crossover trial in the free-living environment. The experimental conditions for the free-living components will be: 1) 4 days of habitual sedentary behaviors; and 2) 4 days of prompted short exercise breaks during times in which sedentary behaviors have exceeded 30 minutes. Participants in the free-living trial will wear an activity monitor and a continuous glucose monitor.
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) has been available over the counter as a nutraceutical (Niagen®, ChromaDex, Inc.) since the summer of 2013. However, classical pharmacokinetic (PK) data for NR have not been reported in humans. This study will use a recently-developed, whole blood assay for NR to assess the pharmacokinetics of NR at a maximum dose of 1000 mg twice daily, and will collect history, physical examination and laboratory data to determine the safety and tolerability of NR in eight, healthy volunteers. In addition, whole blood nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) levels will be measured at each time point, to determine whether this NR dose significantly raises whole blood NAD levels.
Inpatient treatment for complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) continues to have a high mortality in Africa. This is partly because children are commonly brought for admission because they are seriously ill, rather than being brought to hospital because of malnutrition alone. Mortality rates are especially high where SAM is complicated by HIV or TB. The early phase of inpatient nutritional treatment for severe acute malnutrition is based on a low-protein milk known as F75, which is given to improve metabolic homeostasis prior to the re-feeding to achieve catch-up growth. F75 provides a high proportion of energy from carbohydrates, including sucrose, lactose and maltodextrin. However, malabsorption of different types of carbohydrates, but lactose in particular, is known to occur in SAM and may lead to osmotic diarrhoea. Diarrhoea is common in children with SAM and is associated with increased mortality. Furthermore, switching from a catabolic state to a high energy diet that consists of predominantly carbohydrates can lead to 're-feeding syndrome' that may lead to severe electrolyte abnormalities and multiple organ dysfunction. The aim of this trial is to determine whether reducing the carbohydrate content of F75, and removing lactose, improves the stabilisation of severely malnourished children. The trial will involve randomising children who are eligible to receive F75 milk to either the current formulation or a revised formulation. Both formulations will be given according to current recommendations regarding frequency of feeding and caloric value. Since the purpose of F75 is to stabilise the child metabolically and biochemically, the primary endpoint of the trial will be time to stabilisation (the end of the first phase of treatment for severe acute malnutrition). Blood and stool samples at admission and after three days will be used to determine the effects on carbohydrate and fat malabsorption and evidence of the re-feeding syndrome. Children will be followed up until discharge from hospital. The project has been planned in consultation with the World Health Organisation (WHO) and, if the revised formulation of F75 results in improved outcomes, will lead to a global change in recommendations for its formulation.
This is a randomized pilot study of the use of cognitive behavior therapy versus observation to treat functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, often termed stress-induced anovulation.