View clinical trials related to Mental Disorders.
Filter by:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent form of dementia, causing high level of disability with elevated social costs. Alternative solutions to the standard pharmacological therapies have been studied in order to reduce the use of medications that frequently generates side effects and worsen patients' quality of life. A recent alternative treatment for AD is the Environmental Ecological Therapy (EET) that, with the use of therapeutic gardens, seems to reduce behavioral disorders (BD). However, the effectiveness of this approach is still mater of debate. Therefore, the aim of this trial will be to analyze the effects of EET, in people with severe AD.
The purpose of this study is to test the feasibility of a modification of CET (Cognitive Enhancement Therapy) to address symptomatic and functional difficulties associated with Clinical High Risk for Psychosis (CHR). Cognition for Learning and for Understanding Everyday Social Situations (CLUES) is designed to improve cognitive functioning (e.g., memory, attention, planning, etc.) in order to improve school, work, and social functioning. CLUES includes the following: 1. Computerized cognitive remediation ("exercises") to improve cognition. 2. Social-cognitive skills group designed to teach participants to act wisely in social situations. 3. Individual coaching sessions designed to enhance translation of skills learned from computer exercises and the group into real life. CLUES is based on Hogarty and Greenwald's Cognitive Enhancement Therapy (CET), which was designed for treating individuals with schizophrenia. Research on CET for individuals with schizophrenia has found that CET appears to have helped participants improve cognition and social and work functioning. This study will investigate the feasibility of CLUES for young people who are showing signs of clinical risk for psychosis. Part 1: Preliminary open label trial of CLUES (n=8) to examine preliminary evidence of target engagement (change in cognition and social cognition), to refine assessment and recruitment approaches, to further optimize the treatment manual, and to ascertain feasibility and tolerability. Part 2: Preliminary randomized controlled trial of CLUES vs supportive therapy (ST) + computer games to explore preliminary evidence of efficacy of CLUES vs. the control treatment (n=30).
The investigators programme of research will evaluate an existing physical health care screening intervention with the aim of helping Community Psychiatric Nurses (CPN) to improve the physical health wellbeing of people with a SMI. This pilot clustered randomised controlled trial aims to establish the potential efficacy and acceptability of the Chinese Health Improvement Profile (CHIP) in improving the physical health of people with severe mental illness.
This purpose of this study is to adapt, implement and test the ability of a sophisticated point-of-care electronic health record-based clinical decision support that identifies and prioritizes all available evidence-based treatment options to reduce cardiovascular risk in patients with serious mental illness.
In this study the investigators will seek to improve our understanding of how positive and negative valence systems, cognition, and arousal/interoception are inter-related in disorders of mood, substance use, and eating behavior. The investigators will recruit 1000 individuals and use a wide range of assessment tools, neuroimaging measures, blood and microbiome collections and behavioral tasks to complete the baseline and follow-up study visits. Upon completion, the investigators aim to have robust and reliable dimensional measures that quantify these systems and a set of assessments that should be recommended as a clinical tool to enhance outcome prediction for the clinician and assist in determining who will likely benefit from what type of intervention.
Psychosis is a mental health problem that causes people to perceive or interpret things differently from those around them, often involving hallucinations or delusions. Psychosis and schizophrenia are common disorders which predominantly affect younger adults. Recently, the investigators discovered that 5-10% of people with psychosis have antibodies in the blood that are capable of targeting the surface of brain cells, specific to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor or voltage gated potassium channel complex, which the investigators believe may be causing the problem. Those positive for antibodies may have a problem with their immune system and this may prevent their brain from working normally. This trial aims to test the feasibility of removing or reducing the antibodies in patients' blood, using immunotherapy, and see if this improves symptoms of psychosis. Immunotherapy in this feasibility study will involve giving all patients steroid tablets and half of them will also receive a drug called "intravenous immunoglobulin" whereas the other half will have a procedure called "plasma exchange". The feasibility study is designed to identify which method of immunotherapy is most suitable for use in this patient population. Results from this will inform on the methodology used for a proposed larger randomised control trial.
The Wellness Incentives and Navigation (WIN) project is designed to help improve health self-management and reduce the incidence and consequences of chronic disease among non-elderly adult Medicaid Supplemental Security Income (SSI) beneficiaries. WIN targets SSI beneficiaries with behavioral health (mental health and substance abuse) diagnoses. Research demonstrates that these individuals are more likely to suffer chronic physical co-morbidities, experience debilitating chronic illnesses earlier in life and have elevated healthcare costs. WIN uses person-centered wellness planning and navigation facilitated by trained, professional health Navigators, dedicated specifically to the WIN project, who use Motivational Interviewing (MI) techniques, and a personal wellness account. Participants with more serious mental illnesses will be offered additional support in the form of Wellness Recovery Action Planning (WRAP) to enable them to take full advantage of person-centered wellness planning.
In the previous study, the investigators obtained the cutoff value of Bispectral Index to detect early deep sedation in patients with mechanical ventilation. Bispectral Index monitoring can be used as an adjunct tool in screening and confirming deep sedation during the early period of mechanical ventilation. In present study, validation test will be carried out to clarify the sensitivity and specificity of obtained cutoff value in screening deep sedation in patients with mechanical ventilation.
The perception of music requires coordinated neural activities in distributed multi-functional centers across both hemispheres. The association between musical abilities and other general cognitive functions have been studied in several populations with inconsistent results. Schizophrenia is a major mental disorder that is strongly associated with cognitive deficits. These often appear before the onset of psychotic symptoms and persist throughout effective treatment of positive and negative symptoms. Like other disorders of psychosis, schizophrenia features general deficits in auditory memory and sensory processing. Recently, Sawada et al. (2014) and Wen et al. (2014) studied music abilities in Japanese and Chinese schizophrenic populations. They both used a standardized assessment for amusia called Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA) and found marked impairments in perception of scale, contour, interval, rhythm, meter and memory. Both studies showed that deficits in music perception were associated with cognitive deficits and negative symptoms. In regards to positive symptoms, Wen et al., but not Sawada et al., found a significant association. The present clinical study will assess musical abilities using the MBEA in a Canadian population with and without refractory psychosis. It will explore associations between musical deficits, positive and negative psychiatric symptomology and cognition. The patient population will have a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, affective disorder with psychosis or non substance-related psychosis who were referred to the British Columbia Psychosis Program (BCPP) due to inadequate or no response to at least two trials of antipsychotics. A focus on refractory psychosis may provide greater insights because these patients have relatively more pronounced psychiatric symptoms and cognitive deficits. It will also be valuable to administer the MBEA assessment on a Canadian population, because the test was originally intended for Western populations and its musical phrases were designed with Western tonalities.
The purpose of the study is to compare effectiveness of paliperidone palmitate (PP: paliperidone palmitate once-monthly and 3-month injections) versus oral antipsychotic (OAP [that is oral paliperidone extended release {ER}, oral risperidone, or another OAP]) in delaying time to treatment failure. The study will also evaluate changes in cognition, functioning, brain intracortical myelin (ICM) volume following treatment with PP compared with OAP in participants with recent-onset schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder.