View clinical trials related to Malignancy.
Filter by:The study aims to find out if community health worker (CHW) support will improve palliative care outcomes in African American patients with advanced cancer, by comparing the quality of life of patients who are receiving standard care to those whose standard care is supplemented with CHW support.
Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the global leading causes of death. These two disease entities are multifactorial disease that are caused by several factors. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the status of risk factors profiles and health related behavior in Korean population, and to discover novel risk factors associated with the occurrence of endpoint events.
CAR-T is a pioneering cancer treatment which has found success in some cancers. This treatment is made first by taking blood cells from the patient. Then in the lab, an artificial protein - a Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR), is grafted on the surface of immune cells. The modified cells, which are readministered to the patient, have enhanced abilities to target and destroy cancers than unmodified immune cells. Currently approved CAR-T can only be used autologously. i.e. the patient will receive CAR-T treatment made from their own cells. This is because current CAR-T treatment uses αβ T cells - a type of immune cell which are largely non-transferable between individual human beings due to the high risk of Graft-versus-Host Disease. However, autologous CAR-T comes with many limitations. A lengthy, manufacturing process follows after the patient donates their own blood, accompanied by a high risk of manufacturing failure, which can be attributed to the cell quality from cancer patients undergoing stressful anti-cancer therapy. CytoMed Therapeutics pioneers a new CAR-T treatment (CTM-N2D) which may confer some benefit over current CAR-T treatment. CTM-N2D uses a subtype of immune cell -- γδ T cell. Secondly, the CAR on CTM-N2D targets a surface antigen called NKG2DL which are commonly present in many cancer. These two features may confer a safer product profile, of better quality and may be efficacious in cancers where previous CAR-T treatments has not. The phase I clinical trial of CTM-N2D will be conducted at the National University Hospital, Singapore. The objective of this clinical trial is to determine the optimal dose of CTM-N2D, and to investigate its safety and tolerability. The subjects of the clinical trial will also be investigated for their tumour response to CTM-N2D. CTM-N2D has undergone preclinical studies. Relevant data from other clinical trials are also used to infer the expected outcome, and strategies of management of this clinical trial. The institution's ethical review board must give its approval before the study may begin. An independent Data Safety Monitoring Board monitors the safety aspect of this trial.
A Phase 1 study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, PK, immunogenicity, pharmacodynamics, and preliminary antitumor activity of AK114.
Natural killer cells (NK cells) are derived from bone marrow lymphoid stem cells, which are a type of lymphocytes that can non-specifically kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells without pre-sensitization. NK cells can not only directly kill malignant diseased cells, but also participate in the regulation of immune cell response and play a role in a variety of tumor immunotherapy strategies. The 2-year survival rate of NK cells combined with stem cell therapy for patients with hematological malignancies reached 36%, which is significantly higher than the 2-year survival rate (about 15%) of stem cell therapy alone, which can extend the disease-free survival period of leukemia patients by an average of 1.5 years. Relapsed and refractory leukemia can achieve a complete remission rate of up to 40%.
The purpose of this project is to develop a comprehensive database of genomic, transcriptomic, molecular, and clinical characteristics of oncology patients to discover, define, and develop genomic and transcriptomic markers to improve future clinical outcomes across cancer types
Explore the effects on immune response to include a potential third vaccine for the cancer cohort.
The excessive accumulation of fluid between the membranes surrounding the lung, a clinical condition commonly referred to as "pleural effusion", is caused by one of three factors: increased production of pleural fluid, decreased ability to reabsorb pleural fluid or a mixture both. The basis of pleural effusion accumulation may originate from multiple pathologies: from benign and extrapulmonary conditions to intrinsic pleural pathology (inflammatory or neoplastic primary or metastatic) in which the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is mainly due to changes in the structure of the pleural membrane (loss of integrity and / or infiltration by neoplastic cells). An example of extrapulmonary conditions is the pleural effusion observed in patients with congestive heart failure in which there is increase in hydrostatic capillary pressure, due to failure of the cardio circulatory pump. The distinction between benign and malignant causes is currently a diagnostic challenge that usually requires the collection of material (cells immersed in the pleural fluid or even a histological sample). The first step of this investigation is currently the cytological evaluation of the pleural fluid, that is, the observation of cells, of an initial sample of the pleural fluid. This procedure is associated with an average sensitivity of 62% while a second sample through thoracentesis improves the sensitivity of the diagnosis by 10%. In certain cases, however, it is not possible to diagnose by analyzing the pleural fluid and, as a rule, a more invasive diagnostic method is recommended, such as pleural biopsy (collected by puncture with a "blind" needle, echo guided or computed tomography guided or obtained by means of direct visualization of the pleural cavity through pleuroscopy). The diagnostic yield of this approach can reach up to 97% (in the case of pleural biopsy obtained by medical thoracoscopy). However, it implies greater morbidity and greater consumption of resources (material and human). The development of a more sensitive and specific and at the same time less invasive diagnostic method for pleural fluid may contribute to a more effective screening of patients, limiting the use of more invasive methods to only patients with a higher risk of malignant pathology.
Many cancer patients suffer from intractable pain and which is often suboptimally controlled by even strong opioid analgesics. Coeliac plexus neurolysis (CPN) is procedure which intended to permanently destroy the nociceptive pathway that transmits the pain caused by the tumour. It can be with different approaches, such as percutaneously guided by fluoroscopy, echo-endoscopically or surgically with endoscopic approach being the more popular one in many centers equipped with echo-endoscopic services. The effect of CPN has been well established by some retrospective series. The overall response rate to CPN ranges from 70-90%, however, the analgesic effect is limited and up to roughly around 3 months. It is believed that the short-lasting analgesic effect is related to incomplete neurolysis by absolute alcohol injection. Recently, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of coeliac plexus has been introduced as another mode of CPN. So far, only one small single center randomized controlled trial (RCT) suggesting superior performance in favour to CPN using RFA. This result has to be validated and by a RCT with larger sample size. In addition, data concerning the quality of life (QOL) improvement and cost-effectiveness need to be further elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study is to perform a RCT to look into these issues.
Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), are effective in treating many different types of cancers. ICIs fight cancer by driving the immune system into an "activated state" that makes it harder for tumor cells to hide and easier for the immune system to destroy them. In doing this, oncologists risk "over activation" where immune cells can cause side effects that could affect any part of the body. These are known as immune related adverse events (irAEs). While irAEs are a known risk of ICIs, scientists and doctors do not understand how they develop, who is more likely to get them, and what is the best way to manage them while still getting the anti-tumor effects from ICIs. The aim of this project is to build an infrastructure for researchers to collaborate in clinical, translational, and basic science research focused on understanding and managing immune related adverse events (irAEs). The investigators will collect research data and samples from patients who receive ICI treatment, including when patients might experience immunotherapy side effects, to store for use in future research studies.