View clinical trials related to Inflammation.
Filter by:SHIFT is a randomized, longitudinal, prospective, blinded, three-arm study to determine the safety and tolerability of Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT) in HIV-infected participants on stable antiretroviral therapy (ART).
A large, persuasive, and ever-increasing body of evidence links chronic inflammation to virtually all of the chronic diseases that cause the majority of disability and death in the U.S., including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and cancer. Diet plays a central role in the regulation of chronic inflammation. However, until investigators developed the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII)TM there had been no scientifically valid way to relate what individuals eat to the capacity of foods consumed to modulate inflammation. The DII has now produced an impressive research base that ranges from predicting blood levels of inflammatory biomarkers; to a variety of health-related endpoints including cancer incidence and mortality, diabetes, and CVD; to psychological endpoints including depression and cognitive functioning. Watermelon is a member of the Cucurbitaceae family of gourds and is related to the cucumber, squash, and pumpkin. Watermelon flesh (WM) is ~91% water by weight, and is a rich source of bioavailable compounds including lycopene and other carotenoids, and vitamins A and C, all of which have anti-inflammatory properties. Watermelon is already known to play an effective role in reducing risk of chronic inflammation related conditions like coronary heart disease. Connecting Health Innovations (CHI) through this proposal is committed to developing a watermelon supplemented dietary intervention to reduce inflammation. The DII provides a tool that will form the basis of a counseling/instructional system aimed at helping patients and their providers to control chronic, systemic inflammation by improving the diet with specific, actionable dietary recommendations, counseling, and expert instruction. Our first aim is to refine and modify the DII-based intervention by developing and incorporating several watermelon recipes which will score low (anti-inflammatory) on the DII scale. Our second aim is to design and implement a two-arm intervention trial based on watermelon-focused DII recommendations aimed at reducing levels of chronic inflammation in Columbia, South Carolina; the two arms of this intervention study will be the DII-Based Counseling System, including access to our Imagine Healthy Online Portal, and a general health education control. Data will include questionnaires (e.g., demographics, health history, stress, depression, self-efficacy for physical activity and diet, social approval, social desirability), anthropometrics measures, physical activity monitoring, inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP), and ASA 24-hour dietary recalls. Baseline data collection will be followed by a 12-week intervention period. The DII arm will receive in-person healthy cooking and nutrition classes, along with physical activity and stress reduction activities. Additionally, this arm will receive access to the Imagine Healthy Online Portal. The general health control arm will receive weekly health education information. Linear mixed models (LMM) will be used to determine whether the intervention arms are associated with the primary outcome (i.e., CRP).
This study evaluates the impact of preoperative high-intensity inspiratory muscle training (IMThi) before cardiac surgery on perioperative inflammatory response. Half participants will receive high intensity inspiratory muscle training and the others a sham inspiratory muscle therapy.
Toothbrush plaque removal, along with interproximal flossing, helps to maintain the oral cavity free from periodontal diseases and dental caries. Although techniques such as the Bass Technique (BT), the Modified Bass Technique (MBT) and the Modified Stillman Technique (MST) are taught to dental students, dental hygiene students, and dental assistants, there is little evidence to discern which technique is more effective in reducing or preventing gingival inflammation. At Tufts University School of Dental Medicine (TUSDM), a modification of the Bass intrasulcular technique is advocated to many students. We call this modification of the Bass technique a Stationary Bristle Technique (SBT), which is an intrasulcular technique that maintains the toothbrush bristle ends essentially stationary on the tooth cervically and in the gingival crevice. In this study, half of the participants were taught the Stationary Bristle Technique Group, while the other half were not be provided with instructions, but asked to brush as normal (non-interventional group) throughout the duration of the study.
This study should reveal differences in composition of luminal and mucosa-associated microbiome of the human gastrointestinal tract.Therefore bacterial species of different intestinal location sites (small intestine and colon) isolated of biopsies were compared to bacterial composition of stool samples. Additionally the bacterial composition of healthy persons, patients with inflammatory bowel disease and with liver disease (liver cirrhosis) will be compared to detect influence of local and systemic inflammation on microbiome.
This study aims at evaluating real life effectiveness of originator adalimumab (Humira®) participants with active non-infectious intermediate, posterior and panuveitis (NIIPPU) despite high-dose corticosteroid therapy; including effect on ocular inflammation, health-related quality of life, health resource utilization, work ability and medication burden, as well as describe the characteristics of NIIPPU participants treated with Humira® in the real-life setting.
This protocol describes a randomised controlled trial to test the hypothesis that 6 months of treatment with tiotropium and olodaterol will result in a reduction in bacterial load, an improvement in neutrophilic inflammation and clinical benefits compared with treatment with inhaled fluticasone furoate and vilanterol in patients with neutrophilic Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is the third leading cause of death worldwide and a major cause of morbidity in the UK. Exacerbations drive disease progression and worsening quality of life and therefore prevention of exacerbations has been a major goal of treatment. In recent years, attempts have been made to phenotype COPD patients in order to target therapies to the correct groups of patients that will benefit. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are primarily effective for patients with eosinophilic inflammation, while there are few established therapies for patients with neutrophilic disease. In recent years, all ICS preparations have been associated with a significant increased risk of pneumonia and this risk appears to be greatest in patients with non-eosinophilic inflammation. Combined treatment with long acting beta-agonists (LABA) and long acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) combinations appears to be a safer and more effective alternative for patients with non-eosinophilic disease. The combination of tiotropium and olodaterol in particular, has strong preclinical data supporting beneficial effects on neutrophilic inflammation. The trial is a multi-centre randomised open label controlled parallel group study with two treatment arms in 80 participants. Moderate to very severe COPD patients and currently treated with inhaled corticosteroid therapy will be randomised to treatment with either the combination of tiotropium and olodaterol (LABA/LAMA) or fluticasone furoate and vilanterol (ICS/LABA). Participants will return at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months for sampling of the lower airway by sputum samples and the upper airway using oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs. Sputum will be used to test for airway neutrophilic inflammation. This study will make an important contribution to understanding "phenotyping" in COPD by identifying whether the combination of tiotropium and olodaterol improves airway bacterial load and restores neutrophil function in patients with neutrophilic COPD.
Inflammation begins during early stages of CKD in which neutrophil counts are increased, whereas lymphocyte counts are decreased during inflammation. In addition to known conventional indications of inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, several interleukins and tumor necrotizing factor alpha, Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has increasingly been reported as a measure of systemic inflammation (Okyay G U et al 2013 and Yilmaz G et al ,2017) Several recent studies have shown that mean platelet volume (MPV) is also increased during inflammation and may be associated with poorer prognosis in CKD (Yilmaz G et al ,2017).
The improvement of maternal and child health remains a key issue in global health. Production and improved accessibility of healthy and nutrient-rich milk-based products could potentially tackle health and nutrition inequalities in low-income countries. This study will assess the acceptability of a multi-component intervention, including provision of calcium/vitamin-D fortified milk and periodontal therapy (PT), for improving maternal periodontal health and metabolic and inflammatory profiles. The IMPROVE trial is a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) with parallel qualitative process evaluation. The target population is low-income, pregnant, Brazilian women, with periodontitis, who have not seen a dentist in the last 6 months. A series of focus group discussions and interviews with the target population will be conducted to identify key barriers and enablers to adoption and implementation of the intervention in prenatal clinics in Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. Participants will be allocated to 4 groups: 1) early PT (during pregnancy) plus fortified milk; 2) early PT plus plain milk; 3) delayed PT (after delivery) plus fortified milk; 4) delayed PT plus plain milk. The final results will contribute to the understanding of the significance of calcium and vitamin D for short and long-term health and the occurrence of diseases, as well as to inform the current global debate on vitamin-D supplementation and fortification policy.
Patients assume that cognitive performance rapidly returns to baseline after anesthesia and surgery. Several studies have shown that one week after major non-cardiac surgery about 27% of patients have postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and 10% of patients at 3 months. Very few studies have assessed the incidence of POCD beyond 3 months. POCD significantly reduces quality of life. Identifying risk factors for POCD is important because it is associated with prolonged hospital stay, loss of independence, and premature retirement. There is an urgent need to measure and document the level of cognitive change associated with surgery with an easy to use tool, both prior to admission and after discharge. This information can be used to plan appropriate care paths and to identify or test the efficacy of potential new treatments to alter the negative trajectory.