View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:This is a Phase I/IIa trial designed to evaluate topical bacteriophage therapy in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
Intestinal flora or microbiota is the group of bacteria that live in the intestine, in a symbiotic relationship with the human body. It is estimated that human beings have around 2,000 different bacteria species. The gut microbiota plays a key in many of the body's functions. Hence, the analysis of the gut microbiome provides insight into the state of the microbiota as an indicator of overall health due to its metabolic, protective and nutritional functions. A balanced diet promotes the formation and maintenance of a well-structured microbiota, in which the different species of microorganisms cohabit in a balanced and controlled system. The study is based on the hypothesis that the intake of certain plant-based foods rich in various active ingredients (especially non-digestible carbohydrates, certain types of fats and polyphenols) can modulate the microbiota and thus improve the health status of the human population. Taking into account this background, the objective of this study is to assess the effect of the inclusion of functional foods and ingredients within a balanced diet on the composition of the microbiota and also on health parameters associated with metabolic disease.
Background: The widespread inappropriate use of antimicrobial substances drives resistance development at the individual and population level all over the world. In long-term care facilities (LTCF), antibiotics are among the most frequently prescribed medications. More than one third of antibiotics prescribed in LTCFs are for urinary tract infections (UTI). Studies have shown that 30 - 40% of antibiotic courses prescribed in LTCFs were unnecessary and that more than two-thirds were inappropriate based on society guidelines. Preliminary data: A surveillance study on healthcare-associated UTIs at LTCFs of the Geriatric Health Centers Graz revealed that guideline recommendations on antimicrobial choice were met in only 50% of patients. The most frequently used antimicrobial substances for UTI were quinolones. Aims: Using a multifaceted bundle of antimicrobial stewardship interventions consisting of clinical practice guidelines, care pathways and local as well as web-based education and training targeting nursing staff as well as physicians we aim to improve the quality of antimicrobial prescriptions for UTIs in four LTCFs in Graz, Austria. Design: Non-randomized cluster controlled intervention study. Setting: The Geriatric Health Centers Graz are a local institution comprising among others 4 LTCFs (total of 400 beds). These will serve as intervention group. Four LTCFs located in the surroundings of Graz will serve as control group. Intervention: The main components of the intervention are 1) two sessions of voluntary continuing medical education on the urinary tract infection program in each LTCF for physicians and nursing staff, 2) distribution of educations materials such as written guidelines on antibiotic prescribing including a smart phone friendly version, 3) implementation of the project homepage as a platform to distribute guidelines and educational videos and to enable physicians to ask questions which will be answered by an infectious disease physician. Outcomes: The primary outcome will be the proportion of adequate prescriptions (adequate in terms of antimicrobial choice). Secondary outcomes include proportion of adequate prescriptions (adequate in terms of decision to treat), number of cases with clinical failure, number of admissions to hospital due to UTI, number of adverse events attributed to antimicrobial treatment for UTI, percentage of extended spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) producing enterobacteria isolated from urinary cultures
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of cryotherapy applications on the inflammatory cytokine and collagenase matrix metalloproteinase levels during root canal treatment and postoperative pain intensity and incidence. Mandibular premolar teeth of 60 male patients within the 20-30 years old range, diagnosed with asymptomatic apical periodontitis will be included to the study for this purpose. The experimental protocols consist clinical and laboratory phases. In clinical phase, procedures of cryotherapy and control groups will be applied in 2-visit-root canal treatment. The samples, which were collected during root canal treatment, will be subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis in laboratory. Levels of interleukin and inflammatory destructive enzymes will be determined in collected samples. During the analysis of visual analogue scale scores, the correlation between the changes of the cytokine and proteolytic enzyme levels and presence and intensity of pain will be evaluated.
The purpose of the study is to assess the potential therapeutic effect of N-acetylcysteine "NAC" in COVID 19 patients.
This project will adapt and pilot a feasible and effective problem-solving therapy designed for low-resource settings to address common mental disorders like depression and anxiety - the Friendship Bench- in a Vietnamese population of individuals living with HIV who also have opiate use disorder. The Friendship Bench approach has the potential to make an important contribution to address CMDs and reduce barriers to HIV treatment success among people living with HIV (PLWH) with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), a critical population driving the HIV epidemic in Vietnam and many Southeast Asian countries. This proposal will generate critical evidence for designing a fully powered clinical trial to test the investigation team's adapted FB protocol in improving HIV, mental health, and drug use treatment outcomes for this vulnerable population.
Catheter-related infections are frequent. Treatment without catheter removal is difficult because of the presence of biofilm. The association of gentamicin and EDTA is active in vitro and in vivo against biofilms formed by Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
Effect of Covid-19 disease in clotting factors levels in hospitalized patients
Bacteria living in the nose and throat are generally harmless, but in some circumstances cause infections of the lungs (pneumonia) and brain (meningitis), which are among the commonest causes of death worldwide in young children (especially newborns). Babies with certain 'good' bacteria in the nose and throat are less likely to have infections by such 'bad' bacteria. Scientists have tried giving probiotics ('good' bacteria swallowed or sprayed into the nose) to pregnant women, new mothers and babies. These studies show that many probiotics are safe, but the amount of bacteria given is often unknown, and it is unclear if they work. A more precise option is to use controlled inoculation, by inserting a specific amount of particular 'good' bacteria into the nose under carefully controlled conditions. Our team have previously shown that inoculation with Neisseria lactamica ('good' bacteria) safely and reliably decreases Neisseria meningitidis ('bad' bacteria) in healthy adults' noses. N. lactamica is a type of harmless bacteria found in over 40% of children aged 1-2 years, but is uncommon in newborns and adults. We plan to inoculate 20 healthy pregnant women with N. lactamica nose drops, to find out if it is transferred to their babies after birth. Newborns become rapidly covered (colonised) with bacteria from their mothers, other people, and the environment, so this method mimics a natural way that babies receive bacteria. We will take saliva and nose swabs one day, one week, one month and four months after birth, and will use microbiological and genetic methods to study how the bacteria changes in babies compared with their mothers.
This study is a randomized controlled trial where participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either a rapid test group or a control group. Standard care is provided in the control group. Follow-up is conducted until discharge from the hospital, followed by telephone check-ins and completion of questionnaires by the participants themselves or their proxies until 30 days after randomization. Children of any age presenting at selected participating sites with acute respiratory tract infections, where initial treatment decisions are uncertain, are eligible to participate. The study aims to enrol 520 participants and involves Paediatric Emergency Rooms across Europe.