View clinical trials related to Infections.
Filter by:Febrile urinary tract infection (FUTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in children under the age of 2 years. They represent 7% of children presenting with fever without a source. In case of recurrent or undertreated FUTIs there is a risk for kidney function with the threat of chronic renal failure [7]. They are more often isolated but some FUTIs may reveal an underlying and facilitating condition. Beside the well-known congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract such as reflux or obstructions, others risk factors for FUTI are reported. Age less than 1 year, uncircumcised males, poor fluid intake, bladder bowel dysfunction (BBD) including dysfunctional voiding pattern and constipation increase the risk of FUTI. The prevalence of BBD in children with FUTIs is far higher than in the general population. Recommendations emphasize on an efficient treatment of BBD in the first-line management of recurring FUTIs and it has been proven to be efficient (ref). One of the BBD may include Hirschsprung's Disease (HD). HD is the first congenital malformation of the enteric nervous system with a reported prevalence of 1 in 5000 live birth. It's characterized by an aganglionosis and subsequent dysmotility affect by always the anal canal, most commonly there is a rectosigmoid form (74-80%), and less commonly involves a long segment of colon (12-22%) or a total colonic aganglionosis with ileal involvement upto 50 cm proximal to ileocecal junction (4-13%). The treatment is based on the resection of dysfunctional segment of colon with an anastomosis between the normally innervated bowel to the anus, while preserving normal sphincter function. But significant bowel dysfunction may persist postoperatively. 20% of the children present a fecal incontinence, and 14% a constipation in long-term studies. Bladder dysfunction and associated urological anomalies are also reported in these patients. All of that may facilitate the occurrence of febrile urinary tract infections (FUTI) in patients with HD. Unfortunately, few studies focused on this specific population. The objective of this study was to find out whether children with HD are more prone to develop FUTIs than controls and which patient with HD are more at risk to develop UTIs.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women in reproductive age with an estimated prevalence of 5% to 19.5%. It is a chronic complex syndrome with psychological (depression and anxiety), reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. The etiology seems to be multifactorial. Lately, interest regarding the association between PCOS women and gut macrobiotic have been emerged. Hyperandrogenism was correlated with those changes in the microbiota which reflects the fact that the microbiome can influence the development and pathology of PCOS . Therefore, aim of this study is to explore the diversity and alternations of the vaginal and the gut microbiome in patients with PCOS during common therapeutic interventions and connect them to different phenotypes of the syndrome.
This is a Prospective, Randomized, Multi-center, Open label, Phase 1/2 study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Equine COVID-19 Antiserum [F(ab')2]. BSV has developed Equine COVID-19 antiserum from horse serum for the use in COVID-19 infection. The indication proposed is to provide passive immunization to the COVID-19 infected patient thereby reducing the viral load and prevention of disease progression. Clinical phase 1 and phase 2 studies have been planned to be conducted. The phase 1 study will be conducted on two dosages to find the safety and tolerability in patients. Based on the results of phase 1 study the phase 2 shall be initiated.
Postoperative antibiotics are routinely used for implant-based breast augmentation at the investigators' institution. From 2017-2019, the investigators' institution has conducted approximately 270 primary and secondary breast augmentation procedures. Current plastic surgery literature does not provide recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis following implant-based breast procedures. Despite controversy surrounding their utility during the postoperative course, postoperative antibiotics have become commonplace for many plastic surgeons. To date, strong scientific evidence supporting this practice is minimal and based largely on anecdotal evidence and limited studies, including poorly controlled retrospective and non-blinded prospective series. The goal of this study is to conduct a prospective randomized trial to assess whether extended antibiotic prophylaxis is necessary to prevent infection and long-term complications (e.g. capsular contracture) in patients undergoing augmentation mammoplasty with implants. The investigators' anticipate that extended antibiotic prophylaxis is not required. The rationale for discontinuing postoperative antibiotics is based on the following: (1) a single dose of preoperative intravenous antibiotics has been demonstrated to be sufficient prophylaxis for most breast surgeries and (2) there are patient safety concerns associated with prolonged antimicrobial use such as the development of resistant bacterial strains and clostridium-related infections. Concrete evidence that extended antibiotic prophylaxis is not required would encourage plastic surgeons to practice better antibiotic stewardship and help stymie the rise of drug-resistant organisms.
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can expose patients to a transient but marked immunosuppression, during which viral infections are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Adoptive transfer of virus-specific T cells is an attractive approach to restore protective T-cell immunity in patients with refractory viral infections after allogeneic HSCT. The aim of this Phase III trial is to confirm efficacy of this treatment in children and adults.
The primary objective is to determine if polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (UTIP™) is more sensitive in identifying urinary tract infections (UTI's) than standard urine cultures.
In this current study the researchers aim to identify the total number of infections and deaths due to COVID-19 and distinguish which are the risk factors most related to COVID-19 infections and deaths in medical personnel in Mexico.
Approximately 40 million people in the US are served by private, and frequently untreated, wells. Our best estimate is that 1.3 million cases of gastrointestinal illnesses (GI) per year are attributed to consuming water from untreated private wells in the US, but in reality, there are no robust epidemiological data that can be used to estimate cases of GI attributable to these sources. We propose the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) to estimate the burden of GI associated with private well water. We will test if household treatment of private well water by ultraviolet light (UV) vs. sham (inactive UV device) decreases the incidence of GI in children under 5. We will also examine the presence of viral, bacterial, and protozoan pathogens in stool and well water from participants. These data will fill a knowledge gap on sporadic GI associated with federally-unregulated private water supplies in the US.
The increasing number of persons >65 years of age form a special population at risk for nosocomial and other health care-associated infections. The vulnerability of this age group is related to impaired host defenses such as diminished cell-mediated immunity. Lifestyle considerations, e.g., travel and living arrangements, and residence in nursing homes, can further complicate the clinical picture. The magnitude and diversity of health care-associated infections in the aging population are generating new arenas for prevention and control efforts. Common infections leading to hospitalizations in this age group result in respiratory infections and bacteraemia and the impact of these infections on the quality of life and disability in aged populations has not been accurately quantified in a European setting. This study aims to capture and quantify the impact of infectious diseases on quality of life in an aged population.
As previously shown, individuals who experienced COVID-19 have developed some protective immunity to reinfection. The magnitude and duration of protection from reinfection conferred by the infection may be weaker after an asymptomatic infection as it is after a symptomatic COVID-19 episode. Moreover, it is known that immunity decreases among older adults compared to younger individuals often referred to as ''immune senescence,'' and leading to a decreased efficacy of vaccination. This study raises the question of whether a single administration of BNT162b2 in participants with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to sufficient and durable immune response. We propose to evaluate the level of the single BNT162b2 vaccine dose response according to the severity of the previous SARS-CoV-2 infection in young and elderly participants with the same immunogenicity analyses to assess this response in participants receiving the two-dose vaccination regimen.