View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:This prospective observational study will evaluate predictors of response to Invirase (saquinavir) treatment in treatment-naïve patients with HIV infection. Data will be collected during 48 weeks of treatment.
Liver-related death is the leading cause of mortality in HIV-infected individuals with CD4+ cell counts over 200, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the greatest risk for liver-related mortality in HIV-positive patients. Compared to HCV monoinfected individuals, patients with HIV and HCV coinfection experience accelerated progression of liver fibrosis, which can lead to higher incidence of cirrhosis, end stage liver disease (ESLD), and death. Changes in CD8+ T-cell activation, inflammatory cytokines, and serum markers of tissue injury may offer an immunologic platform to determine factors associated with progressive liver fibrosis in coinfected patients. In this cross-sectional study we will evaluate whether HIV and HCV coinfection patients with well-controlled HIV infection who have an undetectable viral load exhibit abnormal levels of inflammation and immune activation, potentially contributing to advanced liver fibrosis. Comparative groups include coinfected patients successfully treated for hepatitis C, or who have absence of hepatitis C viremia through spontaneous clearance, hepatitis C monoinfected patients, and HIV-positive patients with well-controlled HIV infection without hepatitis C. Liver fibrosis will be measured by non-invasive methods. The primary objectives of this study are: 1. To determine if there are differences in markers of inflammation and immune activation in subsets of patients with HIV, hepatitis C, and HIV and hepatitis C coinfection. 2. To assess the stage of liver fibrosis using non-invasive methods in subsets of patients with hepatitis C and HIV and hepatitis C coinfection and compare the degree of liver fibrosis with levels of inflammation and immune activation.
The study is aimed at assessing the safety of AdCh3NSmut and the new candidate vaccine MVA-NSmut when administered sequentially, or alone, to healthy volunteers and patients with hepatitis C virus infection The study also aims at assessing the cellular immune response generated by AdCh3NSmut and MVA-NSmut administered as mentioned above.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the daily intake of the probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri prevents antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and related Clostridium difficile infections in children and adolescents.
The purpose of this study is to determine rates of oral and genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, and look at risk factors for HPV infection in healthy mid-adult women.
BACKGROUND: Peritonitis remains a significant problem in peritoneal dialysis. It is the leading cause of technique failure, and contributes to mortality. The incidence is highest during the first year of treatment. Non-compliance with the Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) protocol is shown to be an important risk factor for peritonitis. Reinforcement of knowledge and ability to perform PD therefore appears to be a possible way to reduce the incidence of peritonitis. This will be studied in The PEritonitis Prevention Study (PEPS). METHODS: The objective of this randomized, multi-centre investigation,which will include 750 new PD patients who can perform (PD) without assistance, is to evaluate if regular retraining can reduce the incidence of peritonitis, the technique-failure rate, and the hospitalisation days due to peritonitis compared with regular follow-up regimen. Patients in the intervention group will tested by a PD-technique test and a questionnaire at regular intervals after PD-start and after every peritonitis episode with focus on infection prophylaxis. If needed, they will be retrained. The control group will be treated according to the routine of the center. The study is ongoing in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, the Netherlands, and the UK. The study will go on for 6 years.
This study will collect real-life data from patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) OR complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) to assess the burden of the disease, review the treatment pathways, evaluate how health resources are used and identify any areas of unmet medical needs. The aim of the study is to compare how patients who are admitted to hospital with CAP or cSSSI are managed across Europe. This will be done by collecting data to understand the patient and disease characteristics, current practice of treatment, and outcomes for the patient. Overall 4000 patients will be recruited from 10 European countries.
Julius Schachter, PhD, (Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco) and Susan S. Philip, MD MPH (Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco) are conducting a study to evaluate the Abbott RealTime CT/NG polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay (which is a nucleic acid amplification test [NAAT]) for detecting two sexually transmitted bacteria, Chlamydia trachomatis [CT] and Neisseria gonorrhoeae [NG], using urine samples and swabs from the throat and rectum of men who have sex with men [MSM]. Using this test on these swabs is experimental because it has not been approved by the Food & Drug Administration.
Vancomycin is an antibiotic administered to children or adults for many types of infections. While it has been used to treat infections of children for more than 50 years we are still not completely certain about the best dose to use when starting treatment with this medication. This study is intended to evaluate whether giving a new higher dose of vancomycin for the first dose will help us get to the desired amount in the body more quickly then the usual first dose. Half of the patients would get the new higher dose and the other half of patients will get the typical first dose. Only the first dose is changed and all doses that follow are the same in both groups and are doses typically used for children.
Polyomavirus BK nephropathy is a serious complication after renal transplantation leading to graft loss in 40% of cases. Since no virustatic drug exists, the investigators want to study the best way to manage viral invasion by changing the immunosuppressive treatment comparing two treatment schemes. The investigators hypothesis is that switching to an mTOR-based scheme is superior to a general decrease of a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)-based scheme. The study will be performed as a prospective, randomized, parallel group comparison.