View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:Does chlorhexidine gluonate, a simple broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent with virtually no adverse-effects lower the incidence of NI after cardiac surgery, especially with respect to LTI and SSI?
This study will explore the possible effect of a tailored educational intervention towards general practitioners, in order to improve antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections.
The purpose of this study is to develop a scoring system to allow doctors to accurately identify children on a mechanical ventilator who have bacterial pneumonia. Currently this diagnosis is very difficult to make, resulting in the overuse of antibiotics and the promotion of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the pediatric intensive care unit (ICU). Four ICUs at 3 children's hospitals will participate. Study participants will include 150 children, ages 2 months to 17 years old who require mechanical ventilation, and in whom the bedside health care providers suspect bacterial pneumonia. Bacteria will be studied by sampling lung fluid through the breathing tube less than 12 hours after starting antibiotics, using a procedure known as "non-bronchoscopic-bronchoalveolar lavage (NB-BAL)." Participants may be involved in study related procedures for up to 31 days.
Prevention of malaria in pregnancy is critical given the high incidence of malaria in Zambia and its serious impact on both maternal and infant survival. Intermittent presumptive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine has been shown to be highly efficacious for reducing the risk of malaria in pregnancy. However, based on a study done in western Kenya, HIV-infected pregnant women may need more frequent dosing of SP, i.e., on a monthly basis rather than the standard 2-dose regimen given during the second and third trimesters, as HIV appears to reduce the effectiveness of the SP drug combination. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the standard dosing regimen in comparison to an intensive monthly SP dosing schedule in HIV-positive women.
There is growing evidence that antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) through metabolic side effects, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type II diabetes. Prevalence of risk factors for CHD in HIV-infected individuals receiving ART in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study (SHCS) is high. This cluster randomised controlled trial is nested into the SHCS and will investigate whether physicians randomised to the routine provision of risk profiles from their patients receiving ART will improve the management of risk factors in HIV-infected patients compared to control physicians not routinely receiving such information. Risk profiles will be generated by the SHCS data center and provided to clinicians in all study centers.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with valganciclovir decreases T cell activation levels among HIV-infected patients with asymptomatic cytomegalovirus (CMV) co-infection, potentially improving immune responses to antiretroviral therapy.
The objective of the study is to determine the efficacy and safety of 0.5% and 2% PRO 2000/5 gels compared to placebo in preventing vaginally acquired HIV infection.
The purpose of this study is determine whether a vaginal mucosal vaccine given to women with a history of recurrent urinary tract infections can reduce the number of infections occurring in a six-month study period, as compared to placebo treatment.
The purpose of the Study is to determine the prophylactic effects of CVT-E002 treatment for upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult employees working with residents in continuing care facilities. It is hypothesized that the use of CVT-E002 will effectively reduce the incidence, severity and duration of upper respiratory infections among the participants when compared to placebo.
The purpose of the study is to compare the safety and effectiveness of oral levofloxacin (an antibiotic) with that of oral lomefloxacin in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections in adults.