View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:The incidence of community-associated (CA) staphylococcal infections, especially those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has increased dramatically in recent years. Although the majority of these infections are limited to the skin and soft tissue and thus not life threatening, the number of invasive cases in otherwise healthy individuals is increasing and some are fatal. As a first step toward understanding pathogenesis, there has been significant focus on elucidating the key CA-MRSA virulence factors. The relative significance of these factors is still being delineated. By comparison, there has been little focus on host factors associated with these invasive infections. In this protocol, we will recruit 100 otherwise healthy subjects with invasive staphylococcal infection, 50 otherwise healthy subjects with recurrent staphylococcal infections, and obtain samples from 150 unidentified healthy controls from the blood bank to investigate host immunologic factors predisposing people to staphylococcal infection. Subjects will receive standard of care treatment for acute or recurrent staphylococcal infections. The primary objective of this research is to identify host genetic factors that contribute to susceptibility or severity of community acquired staphylococcal diseases. We will use three experimental approaches to complete this objective: 1) expression microarray analyses of study population s (subjects and controls) white cells (neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells) at rest and stimulated with staphylococci, 2) evaluation of toll-like receptor (TLR) pathways in the study population s cells, and 3) evaluation of Th17 cells. The proposed research will address a key area of staphylococcal pathogenesis for which there is a striking lack of information. We fully anticipate that the research also will provide critical new information directly relevant to vaccine, diagnostics, and therapeutics development.
The primary objective is: to assess the microbiological success of the combination of levofloxacin and rifampicin, administered for 32 to 37 days, as oral replacement therapy of an empirical antibiotic therapy of a maximum of 5 to 10 days given intravenously, in the treatment of OsteoArticular Prosthetic Infections (OAPI), with a two-stage revision of the prosthesis. The secondary endpoints are: - To assess the rate of clinical failure 12 months after the reimplantation of the prosthesis. - To assess the joint mobility function score 12 months after the reimplantation of the prosthesis. - To assess the safety of the combination of levofloxacin and rifampicin. - To investigate prognostic factors for success after the end of treatment and at 12 months after the reimplantation of the prosthesis.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether an outpatient-based strategy of short-term, ready to use supplementary food (RUSF) among moderately malnourished children with acute infections achieves greater improvement in anthropometric measurements of wasting than usual diet.
This is a Phase 2b, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicenter study investigating the safety, tolerability and efficacy of two oral doses of GS-9450 in adults with chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Approximately 240 subjects 18-65 years of age who meet study entry criteria will be randomized (in other words, selected at random, like flipping a coin) to one of three treatment groups (80 subjects per treatment group) as follows:GS-9450 10 mg once daily,GS-9450 40 mg once daily, or matching placebo once daily. Following randomization, subjects will return within seven business days for a Baseline (Day 1) visit, at which time study medication will be dispensed and subjects will enter a 26 week treatment phase. During the treatment phase, subjects will receive study drug once daily for 24 weeks and then taper off of study drug over the following 2 weeks by receiving study drug once every other day for one week and then every 3 days for one week. Following completion of the treatment phase, subjects will enter a 4-week off-treatment follow-up phase.
After spinal cord injury, patients have frequent urinary tract infections (UVI). Vitamin C is usually prescribed to prevent such infection, but the efficacy of the treatment is poorly documented. In the study, patients will be randomised either to receive vitamin C daily, or not, for one year, and clinical episodes of UVI will be registered. The null hypothesis is that vitamin C will not reduce the number of UVI episodes by 30%.
A Phase III trial to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of PTK 0796 in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI).
Purpose: This is a pilot study to evaluate HIV viremia and persistence in acutely HIV infected antiretroviral naïve patients treated with Darunavir/ritonavir and Etravirine Participants: 20 participants, age 18 and older, HIV infected, antiretroviral naïve patients Procedures (methods): ARV treatment with Darunavir/ritonavir and Etravirine, Optional studies: Genital secretion samples, Cerebrospinal fluid samples, Leukapheresis, Endoscopy/colonoscopy
The overall aim is to validate the current use of FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis of infection and inflammation and examine the usefulness of PET/CT applying also other tracers. The results should allow us to confirm our primary hypothesis: "FDG-PET/CT is better than established methods to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of infection/inflammation".
Neuraminidase inhibitors (NAI) are effective anti-influenza antiviral treatment. During their use in experimentally infected patients, it has been shown that the viral load detected in the nasal fluid is decreasing significantly faster than in non treated patients. During clinical practice, the emergence of NAI-resistant strains has been observed. These strains remain rare, but their emergence seemed to be related to the mis-use of the NAI products (insufficient duration or dosage). This observation as well as the detection of NAI-resistant viruses in the community raises concerns about putative emergence of resistant clones in the specific context of a pandemic, when the use of NAI will be very large in the aim of reducing transmission, and subsequently the impact of the emerging virus. In this context, it is important to determine the putative interest of alternative strategies. Although zanamivir and oseltamivir are both issued from the same class , this combination may lead to a more rapid viral clearance in the infected cases, and to a reduction in the emergence of resistant sub-clones, and alternatively, might lead to a competitive inhibition. The evaluation of these combinations needs to be conducted in vivo. Among available anti influenza antivirals, M2 blockers have been previously used. Although their efficacy against A H5N1 remains to be ascertained, their use in combination with NAI should also be evaluated in the context of a preparation for a possible pandemic and determination of the stockpile. Therefore, the evaluation of combination therapies in the treatment of a virologically suspected influenza will be investigated in primary care during the winter season 2008-2009.
This study focuses on one of the major health issues of Sub-Saharan Africa: multi-parasitism and co-infections. In particular this study aims to elucidate the interaction of helminths with HIV. There is good reason to suspect a detrimental effect of helminth infection on the course of HIV infection. We hypothesize, that treatment of helminths in HIV- and helminth co-infected individuals leads to a reduction of HIV viral load. With a lower HIV RNA level one would expect a slower decline of CD4 cells and hence also a slower progression of the disease. Ideally this would lead to a prolongation of the chronic phase of HIV infection and to a delay in the time when anti-retroviral treatment needs to be started.