View clinical trials related to Hyperglycemia, Postprandial.
Filter by:Glucagon regulation and response in persons with T1D at the basal state and in response to various stimuli remains unclear. Dr. Philip Cryer has previously reported that, in T1D young adults with a course of the disease of 16+9 years, the absence of endogenous insulin secretion results in increased glucagon secretion after a mixed meal, concluding that endogenous insulin reciprocally regulates the alpha-cell glucagon secretion and also suggesting that glucagon dysregulation may play an important role in post-prandial hyperglycemia in T1D. Interestingly, recent research on human islets have shown that insulin inhibits counter-regulatory glucagon secretion by a paracrine effect mediated by SGLT2-dependent stimulation of somatostatin release. An important gap in our knowledge is whether the timing of prandial insulin doses affects the glucagon response to a hyperglycemic stimulus in patients with T1D who have undetectable C-peptide. Whether appropriately timed exogenous insulin can modify the glucagon response to glucose fluctuations has not been studied. As such, this pilot study aims to characterize the glucagon response to meal-time hyperglycemia and to compare the difference in glucagon secretion when mealtime bolus insulin is given before the meal versus after the meal with the objective of understanding factors that contribute to the peak post-prandial blood glucose and AUC of blood glucose after a mixed meal in this target population.
Post-prandial hyperglycemic excursions induce a cascade of deleterious effects on the body, including increased inflammation, production of reactive oxygen species, and impaired cardiovascular function. Ingestion of an exogenous oral ketone supplement blunts hyperglycemia in response to an oral glucose tolerance test. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that exogenous ketone supplement ingestion prior to a meal could be an effective strategy for blunting postprandial hyperglycemia. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of short-term (14-days) pre-meal exogenous ketone supplementation on glucose control, cardiovascular function, inflammation, and oxidative stress in individuals at an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes.
Physical activity helps maintain optimal postprandial blood glucose control. However, there is a lack of clear information regarding the optimal meal-activity timing required to maximize blood glucose control. By using continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), this randomized controlled trial will determine whether implementing a bout of physical activity immediately before, or immediately after, or shortly after a meal is most optimal. This study will also independently examine the effects of three different physical activities: walking, standing, and circuit-exercises. Minimizing the changes in blood glucose following a meal not only reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes but also reduces cardiovascular-related mortality. Therefore, the data produced by this project will have very important implications for informing healthcare policy and physical activity recommendations.
Results from a large number of studies in humans have shown that diets rich in foods that give lower glucose response bring lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols, naturally found in fruits, vegetables and grains, have shown the potential to attenuate post-prandial blood glucose spikes following a carbohydrate-rich meal, through partial inhibition of the main enzymes of carbohydrate digestion and reduction in glucose and fructose transport from the gut after digestion and by enhancing the insulin action after glucose reaches the bloodstream. This study is designed to determine whether polyphenols, as normally and naturally present in food extracts and beverages, added to a carbohydrate-rich meal, can lower blood glucose levels after its consumption, and hence lower its glycaemic index, and if this effect is mediated through effects on insulin and other hormones. The study is designed as an acute, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover trial in 24 healthy subjects with normal glycaemic response to white bread. Participants will be asked to consume either white bread with pomegranate juice enriched with extracts from grape seeds and apple peels or white bread with placebo drink. The effects on plasma glucose levels, levels of hormones and other biomarkers involved in postprandial response will be determined over 3 hours after the consumption.
Research has shown that diets that give rise to a high glucose response are associated with a number of abnormalities like increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome mostly comprises of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance which gives an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. It also gives rise to other conditions like high blood pressure (arterial hypertension), elevated blood insulin levels (hyper-insulinemia), elevated amounts of fat in the liver (fatty hepatosis) and elevated amounts of lipids in the blood (dyslipidemia). After type 2 diabetes become clinically apparent, the risk of cardiovascular disease also rises. Research has also shown that foods/drinks which raise blood glucose levels gradually (low GI) rather than rapidly (high GI) have health benefits which include reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Laboratory studies have shown that polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables and plant based foods have a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism and can lower the blood glucose levels. Therefore a lower glycemic index diet may have benefits in terms of type two diabetes and heart disease management, and as a method for weight loss. There has been some research into the effects of pomegranate on lowering blood glucose responses both chronically and acutely. Mechanistic evidence suggests that this effect could be down to the organic acids found within pomegranate juice. 16 volunteers were fed 50 g available carbohydrate from white bread (109 g), and either 200 ml water (control) or 200 ml solution (test) containing citric acid (3.8 g) and malic acid (119 mg) the quantities that are found in 200 ml pomegranate juice (Biona) as analysed. Blood glucose was measured at baseline, and at 30 - 60 minute increments over three hours. Glucose curves were plotted, and the area under the curve was calculated and compared between conditions for each participant.
Glucosanol had previously been proven to be effective in aiding weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Studies have also shown that Glucosanol (also known as Phaseolamin), was effective in aiding weight loss and also has evidence on reducing post-prandial glucose levels. This study is to enrich the existing evidence on dose-dependent post-prandial glucose effects of Glucosanol
The purpose of this study is to determine whether drinks containing Salvia hispanica L (Salba) or Flax lower postprandial blood glucose levels and improve appetite in healthy individuals.
The purpose of this study is to determine which of the Ethiopian honeys slowly/rapidly raise the blood glucose level.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an acute intake of three different types of strawberry jam, differing in the carbohydrates and antioxidants content, on postprandial glucose metabolism, lipid profile, antioxidant status and satiety indices, in healthy adults.