View clinical trials related to HIV.
Filter by:Identify drug use patterns and partnership dynamics that mediate risk behaviors over time in a cohort of recently HIV infected men and their partners; to determine predictors of transmission risk within partnerships of recently HIV infected men and their partners, using the partnership as the unit of analysis; and to quantify the long-term population-level impacts of voluntary behavior change by men with recent HIV infection, through the use of dynamic mathematical modeling that integrates our data on behavior change with current estimates of temporal infectiousness patterns. The investigators will also determine whether more frequent testing and/or development of tests with earlier sensitivity may have a significant impact on the epidemic. Finally, the magnitude of this effect to that obtained by decreasing drug use or risky sexual behavior prior to or following seroconversion will be compared. This will be conducted as a statistical analysis by co-investigators at the University of Washington.
HIV-infection is associated not only with a reduced function of the immune system, but also linked with diseases of other organ systems, in particular with the heart. Heart conditions that have been described with HIV include - Pericarditis, - Pleural effusion - Pulmonary hypertension (Venedic classification typ II) - Dilated cardiomyopathy - Heart failure - Myocarditis - Bacterial endocarditis - Heart valve disorders In addition to previously stated disorders of the heart, the premature atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, a further even more important disease of the heart in this patient population, went into the focus of most HIV-researchers and physicians. Premature atherosclerosis of coronary arteries results in coronary calcification, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and sudden death. HIV-positive patients are at greater risk for a variety of heart-related conditions, including coronary artery disease. It is assumed, that HIV infection doubles the risk of a heart attack, according to recent research. The reason for this link between HIV and heart-related conditions is unknown, but secondary infections that affect the heart muscle and coronary arteries have a greater chance of occurring in people with compromised immune systems. In addition, the HI-virus itself had been detected in the myocardium and might have an impact on the premature of cardiovascular diseases. Furthermore, some of the medications used to treat HIV patients (antiretroviral therapy, ART) are assumed to have heart-related side effects. Therefore, current treatment regimens for HIV infection have to be balanced against the marked benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Nevertheless, prevention of coronary heart disease should be integrated into current treatment procedures of HIV-infected patients. The link between the heart and HIV is well established but not well understood. Therefore, further results are needed for efficient guidelines for the prevention, diagnostic and therapy of HIV-associated cardiovascular diseases.
The IUD is an extremely effective method of contraception yet few women use it worldwide. Considered safe to use in HIV+ women, few studies have evaluated its use among those using antiretroviral therapy. The only prior randomized trial looking at the IUD compared to hormonal contraception noted a high rate of IUD discontinuations. Understanding IUD acceptability and continuation is critical to improve utilization. - Objective 1: Determine WHO medical eligibility and the willingness for IUD placement - Objective 2: Compare method-related side effects and adverse events - Objective 3: Assess the 1-year acceptability and continuation rates Methods: To address our objectives the investigators have designed a two Phase Study: - A cross-sectional screening to evaluate contraceptive medical eligibility and desirability - A randomized controlled trial that will compare acceptability and adherence to DMPA compared to the Copper IUD: enrolling 200 women stable on antiretroviral therapy to follow for 1 year
Women with HIV infection in Mississippi who are pregnant or who have had their baby in the past year can agree to fill out a questionnaire about what helps or hurts return to care for HIV infection after having a baby. The combined results should show the most common things that keep women from getting care for HIV infection after having a baby. This will help design another study in order to help more women get into care for HIV infection after having a baby.
The objective of this study is to determine efficacy of ritonavir-boosted lopinavir monotherapy as a maintenance regimen in HIV-1-infected patients who previously failed Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) based regimens and currently received salvage protease-inhibitor (PI) based regimens.
The purpose of this study is to test the effects of a health system navigator intervention on rates of linkage to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB) care among newly diagnosed HIV-infected outpatients in Durban, South Africa. Subjects will be approached in the outpatient department and enrolled prior to an HIV test. Subjects will then be randomized to the navigator arm or the standard of care arm. Subjects in the navigator arm will receive scheduled phone and short message service (SMS) contacts throughout the follow-up period to help guide them through the HIV and TB care pathways. The navigator will provide personalized support to help subjects overcome barriers they may face along the way.
The purpose of this study is to find the best tests to use to investigate the differences between older and younger people with HIV disease. Test to be included will measures of memory, learning, activity levels, sleep patterns, emotional well-being and sexual health.
This study will provide the range of Epidermal Nerve Fiber Density (ENFD) typically seen in Thai individuals. ENFD values from Thai HIV-negative subjects without neuropathy will be used as appropriate reference norm for Thai HIV-positive subjects. In particular, comparison of ENFD values from Thai HIV-negative subjects with baseline ENFD values in Thai HIV-positive subjects prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) will allow examination of the effect of HIV per se on ENFD. ENFD from Thai HIV-positive subjects on long-term d4T (stavudine) with and without neuropathy will also provide reference ENFD values at the extremes of the disease process i.e. extent of ENFD decrease in subjects with d4T-induced symptomatic neuropathy and in subjects completely free of disease despite d4T treatment for comparison with Thai HIV-positive subjects on short-term d4T in SEARCH 003 study.
This study is a randomized outcome trial of a social network HIV prevention intervention for at-risk labor migrants who have arrived in St. Petersburg, Russia, to seek work. Most come to St. Petersburg from Moldova, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, and other poor post-Soviet republics. While living in Russia, labor migrants are also living in a city and country with high HIV prevalence. Many labor migrants have limited awareness of AIDS, and most are living in a location far from their spouses, family members, and others. For that reason, labor migrants are vulnerable to risk behavior for contracting HIV. This study hypothesizes that members of labor migrant social networks whose network leaders are trained to deliver HIV prevention messages will exhibit greater reductions in sexual risk behavior (unprotected intercourse with nonspousal partners) from baseline to 3- and 12-month followup assessments than will members of social networks whose members receive standard, individual HIV risk reduction counseling alone.
Methamphetamine abuse has a strong and consistent epidemiologic association with high-risk sexual behavior and both prevalent and incident HIV in men who have sex with men (MSM), and some authorities have advocated methamphetamine treatment as an HIV prevention strategy. However, methamphetamine interventions have not been evaluated in controlled trials, nor have they been implemented and assessed outside of substance abuse treatment programs. This application proposes preliminary investigations to adapt a methamphetamine treatment intervention previously associated with decreased sexual-risk taking among MSM for use as an early intervention among MSM in Seattle, Washington. Sixty methamphetamine-using MSM will be enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of contingency management (CM) versus no intervention. CM participants will have their urine tested for methamphetamine 3 times weekly for 12 weeks, and will receive vouchers of escalating value when their urines test negative; vouchers will be withheld when participants' urines test positive for methamphetamine or participants miss urine testing visits. All participants will undergo urine methamphetamine testing and audio-computer assisted self-interviews on sexual behavior and substance use at baseline and at 6 week intervals for 6 months. Participants will be tested for HIV, syphilis, rectal gonorrhea and chlamydial infection, and pharyngeal gonorrhea at baseline and at 3 and 6 month follow-up. The study will determine how often MSM will initiate and complete the early intervention, and will longitudinally measure unsafe sexual behaviors among intervention and control participants. Study results will determine the feasibility of instituting and studying CM as an early intervention; define whether the intervention is sufficiently promising to justify a larger, definitive randomized controlled trial; and will provide estimates for defining the number of participants such a trial would require.