View clinical trials related to HIV.
Filter by:This is a randomized controlled intervention trial with 1,500 pregnant and postpartum women to examine the efficacy of an enhanced model of ongoing post-test support for women attending antenatal and postnatal care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Through the intervention, the investigators will tailor voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) for HIV to the ANC setting and provide a continuum of psychosocial support for pregnant women through: (1) a standardized health education video before HIV pre-test counseling; (2) HIV pre- and post-test counseling sessions that prepare women for decisions related to testing, serostatus disclosure and anti-retroviral (ARV) prophylaxis and help women plan strategies for sexual risk behavior change; (3) two additional post-test counseling sessions postpartum focusing on legal education and referral, partner testing, sexual risk behavior change and family planning decisions and; (4) an active referral system to post-test support groups run by a clinically trained staff psychologist and (5) an active referral system to legal services run by a lawyer at the clinic. Through this intervention trial the investigators will be testing the following hypotheses: H1: Women receiving the intervention will have significantly lower sexual risk of HIV at 14 weeks and 9-months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. Sexual risk of HIV will be measured by: STI incidence (Trichomonas vaginalis, Neisseria gonorrhea and Chlamydia), consistent condom use, unprotected sex in past 30 days, and unprotected sex since delivery. H2: Women receiving the intervention will report significantly better outcomes related to prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) service uptake at 14 weeks and 9 months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. PMTCT service uptake will be measured by acceptance of HIV VCT among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women; acceptance of ARVs, adherence to national infant feeding guidelines, and family planning use among HIV-positive women. H3: Women in the intervention arm will report significantly better psychosocial outcomes at 14 weeks and 9 months post-partum as compared to women in the control arm. Psychosocial outcomes will be measured by: perceived social support, emotional distress, and partner violence among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.
Conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the hypothesis that offering client-centered HIV counseling and testing (HCT) to blood donor candidates will reduce the risk of HIV contamination in the blood supply and also increase appropriate referrals to preventive and care services to persons in need in São Paulo, Brazil.
The purpose of the study is to investigate the possible benefits of giving the anti-HIV drug maraviroc to people who are taking darunavir/ritonavir alone for their HIV treatment. Many people successfully take only darunavir/ritonavir treatment for their HIV. However, there are some concerns that this treatment may not reach some areas of the body, such as the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system or CNS), as effectively as it does the bloodstream. There is already a large clinical study looking at any differences between 'conventional' HIV treatment with 3 drugs and single drug treatment with a protease inhibitor, also called PI monotherapy, such as darunavir/ritonavir. This includes differences in the effects on the CNS. However, this study will only be finished in 2013. The investigators know that maraviroc can reach the CNS very effectively. The investigators in this study will investigate the effect of adding maraviroc to darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy by looking at levels of inflammation within the fluid that surrounds the CNS, called cerebrospinal fluid or CSF. Maraviroc is a licensed drug for the treatment of HIV treatment.. It showed good results in 2 clinical studies when it was taken by people whose HIV virus had developed resistance to previous HIV treatments. This study will also investigate safety as well as monitor effectiveness when patients take maraviroc is taken on top of normal treatment of darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy. Maraviroc has been shown to be present in the fluid that surrounds the brain in people taking Maraviroc. It is not known if whether the presence of Maraviroc has any impact on brain function. Therefore this study will also investigate brain (neurocognitive) functioning with a computer test and some written tests.
This is an observational study that seeks to gather information about perceptions of body image through the use of a one-time questionnaire completed by participants at the time of study enrollment. Effective management of Human Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has become possible through the use of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART). As a result of more successful treatment options, HIV/AIDS has transitioned from a terminal illness to one which is treated as a chronic condition. One particular group that has been impacted tremendously by HIV in the United States is the adolescent population. As youth are living longer with HIV/AIDS, clinicians and researchers are beginning to examine ways in which the disease can affect one's physical health, mental health, and other psychosocial factors. Research emerging involving adults with HIV/AIDS has suggested that increased attention to and negative views of one's body image may be found at a higher rate in this group. To our knowledge, very few studies have examined this relationship in adolescents with HIV.
To assess the drug concentrations of tenofovir (TDF) in HIV-infected Thai adults with moderate renal function impairment when administered at the recommended dose of 300 mg every 48 hours, and at an alternative dose of 150 mg every 24 hours.
This randomized clinical trial uses a health plan's electronic medical record (EMR) alcohol screen; and examines innovative behavioral interventions, and their cost effectiveness, for hazardous drinking within a large HIV primary care clinic. We will compare Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Email Feedback (EF) to usual care; and evaluate the effect of the interventions on unhealthy drinking, comorbid drug use, enrollment in substance use treatment programs, and HIV outcomes including antiretroviral therapy adherence, HIV RNA control, and unsafe sex. Given the well-known adverse effects of unhealthy drinking on HIV care and outcomes, the proposed study has the potential to make a significant impact in the care of HIV patients.
The purpose of this study is to learn if women taking the atazanavir and ritonavir have lower levels of a birth control medication called norethindrone. Norethindrone (also called the mini pill) is an FDA (Food and Drug Administration) approved progestin-only birth control pill used to prevent pregnancy. Norethindrone is the standard medication used in women who take the progestin only pill to prevent pregnancy. There are other birth control pills which contain different medications. The investigators want to learn if HIV medications (atazanavir and ritonavir) make the blood level of this birth control pill higher or lower. If the levels of norethindrone are too low it may not work to prevent pregnancy. The investigators also hope to learn about changes in the vaginal fluids and cervical fluids when women are taking this birth control pill.
Since the introduction of antiretroviral therapy life expectancy of HIV-infected persons is rising. Different cohorts are observing an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases in this aging HIV-infected population. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors like smoking are more frequent in HIV-infected persons. For example chronic inflammation due to HIV-infection and metabolic disorders also caused by some antiretroviral substances as special non-traditional risk factors in HIV-infected persons can influence the development of cardiovascular diseases additionally. Therefore new research focus in special risk profile associated with HIV-infection or antiretroviral treatment and prevention for HIV-infected patients is developing. This present study is an ongoing prospective regional multicenter trial that was conducted to analyse the incidence, prevalence and clinical course of cardiovacular disorders in HIV-infected out-patients. Cardiac disorders witch are associated with HIV are pericarditis, pleural effusion, pulmonary hypertension, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, myocarditis, bacterial endocarditis and heart valve disorders. In addition to previously stated disorders of the heart, the premature atherosclerosis of coronary arteries, a further even more important disease of the heart in this patient population, went into the focus of most HIV-researchers and physicians.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate, through a randomized clinical trial, the efficacy of an interactive video game the investigators are developing at reducing risk behaviors in at-risk teens.
Genetic polymorphism affects plasma concentration of antiretroviral therapy in HIV patients. The investigators investigate the prevalence of genetic polymorphism affecting efavirenz metabolism and the corresponding pharmacokinetics of different genotypes.