View clinical trials related to Glucose Intolerance.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of liraglutide on the memory and attention of people with insulin resistance. Liraglutide is a medication that makes the body more sensitive to insulin, and therefore may allow it to manage sugar more effectively. The investigators are looking specifically at a region of the brain that is associated with memory and attention, called the hippocampus, in order to see whether treatment this treatment will change performance on memory and attention tasks. The investigators are also taking an MRI of the brain to see whether there are changes to the size and shape of the hippocampus after treatment. All subjects in this study will be 50-70 years old and have pre- diabetes. Half of all subjects will have a family history of dementia, while the other half will not.
The number of people diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is increasing rapidly and about 2.9 million people in the UK currently have diabetes. There is increasing evidence suggesting that prolonged sedentary time may actually increase the risk of diabetes and other chronic diseases. Importantly, adults can meet public health guidelines on physical activity (150 minutes of moderate activity per week), but if they still sit for prolonged periods, their metabolic health is compromised. Going from sitting to standing and carrying out light-intensity activities (such as casual walking) may reduce diabetes risk. However, no one has investigated the effect of standing and walking on markers of cardio-metabolic markers in individuals with a high risk of T2DM. Therefore, the aim is to find out whether reducing the amount of time people spend sitting and replacing it with standing and light intensity activity (walking) reduces glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels, therefore reducing the risk of diabetes.
The main objective of the study is to investigate if resveratrol supplementation can improve overall and muscle-specific insulin sensitivity in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients. As a secondary objective the investigators want to investigate whether the improved insulin sensitivity can be attributed to improved muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and a reduced intrahepatic and cardiac lipid content. Furthermore, in a subset of the participants the investigators want to investigate the effect of resveratrol on glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue.
This project addresses cardiovascular disease risk in patients with prediabetes. Levels of lipids after eating a meal ("postprandial lipids") are strong independent predictors of cardiovascular risk. Newer anti-diabetic agents - exenatide and saxagliptin - impact lipid metabolism. These medications will be studied for their effect in reducing both postprandial lipid levels and arterial dysfunction.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether dietary inducers of glyoxalase 1 are effective in improving metabolic and vascular health.
Exenatide, a GLP-1 agonist approved for lowering blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes, has been associated with restoration of the first-phase insulin response when administered intravenously to patients with type 2 diabetes. In longer clinical trials, it is associated with progressive decreases in body weight, and improvement in the dyslipidemia that characterizes insulin resistance, although insulin resistance was not quantified. The investigators will seek to determine whether exenatide would have similar effects in individuals who were not diabetic. in particular, the drug effect on beta cell function and insulin sensitivity would be subject to less confounding by changes in blood glucose in the prediabetic population, allowing for clearer evaluation of the physiological effects of the drug on these metabolic endpoints. The investigators will compare 2 groups of prediabetic insulin resistant individuals, all on a weight loss diet and one group on exenatide and the other on placebo. The investigators will evaluate restoration of first phase insulin response, potential glucose lowering effects, including both reversal of prediabetes and hypoglycemia, and improvement in insulin resistance.
The aim of this study is to assess the beneficial effects of Bifidobacterium and Berberine Hydrochloride on lowering glucose and delaying progress to diabetes in patients with prediabetes and to detect the potential mechanism.
Insulin resistant subjects and type 2 diabetic patients are characterized by a decreased metabolic flexibility: a reduced capability to switch from fat oxidation in the basal state to carbohydrate oxidation in the insulin-stimulated state. This metabolic inflexibility is an early hallmark in the development of diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that a low carnitine availability may limit acetylcarnitine formation, thereby reducing metabolic flexibility. We propose to test the hypothesis that metabolic inflexibility in pre-diabetic subjects and diabetic patients is due to a reduced capacity to form acetylcarnitines.
About two-thirds of adults in the United States are overweight or obese with likely adverse health consequences. A Moderate weight loss by dieting and exercise is recommended to improve health. We are interested to know whether eating dietary protein at different times of the day influences changes in body composition, muscle and indices of health. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of within-day patterning of dietary protein intake (even vs. skewed) on energy-restriction and resistance training-induced changes in body composition, muscle size, appetite, and clinical health (including blood glucose and blood pressure).
Oxidative stress is produced by imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant systems. This state is frequently associated with chronic diseases like obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis. In the liver, the oxidative stress may trigger the progression of fatty liver disease, from triglyceride accumulation to inflammation, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, the attenuation of oxidative stress, could be an important therapeutic target to lessen the severity of the disease. Until now, there is not a medical treatment to cure non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but therapies aimed at reducing oxidative stress have been proposed. Metadoxine, an ionic complex of pyridoxine-pyrrolidone molecule, acts as a synthetic antioxidant, forming traps that can reduce free radicals; likewise, metadoxine has a proven capacity to reduce fat liver in alcoholic hepatitis. Finally, in fact that alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver diseases share molecular mechanisms in the generation of oxidative stress, the investigators propose metadoxine as a posssible modifier of the oxidative stress in non-alcoholic liver disease, prediabetic patients.