Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Clinical Trial
— But2Official title:
Small Intestinal Ketogenesis - Potential Significance for Type 2 Diabetes in Obesity
The goal of this cross-over study in obese subjects is to learn about the common co-morbidity type 2 diabetes and the local formation of ketone bodies. The type of study is an exploratory trial with the participants as own controls. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does food intake-induced ketogenesis exist in the small intestine of obese individuals? 2. Are insulin resistance, the incretin GLP-1 release and the glucose transporter SGLT1 affected in obese individuals without type 2 diabetes in the same way as those with type 2 diabetes?
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 20 |
Est. completion date | December 31, 2025 |
Est. primary completion date | July 1, 2024 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | Accepts Healthy Volunteers |
Gender | All |
Age group | 18 Years to 65 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - BMI 35 to 45 kg/m2 Exclusion Criteria: - Insulin-treated diabetes - Sequelae of previous diabetes-associated disease (foot, eyes and kidneys, or cardiovascular incident, etc.) - Diabetes, hypertension, lipid disorder that has not been stabilized for at least 1 month by adequate pharmacological treatment - Continuous NSAID use - Preferably otherwise medication-free (exceptions can be made) - Not operated on in the abdomen (appendectomy excluded) - Previously known organic gastrointestinal disease, except for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) - Smokers - Pregnancy and breastfeeding - History of drug abuse or other circumstances deemed to jeopardize the patient's ability to participate in the research project |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
Sweden | Dept of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Universityhospital | Gothenburg |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Göteborg University |
Sweden,
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Other | Glucemia, insulinemia and GLPi-emia following the Mixed Meal Test | The study participant arrives fasted and a venous catheter is placed in one arm for blood sampling. The research subject may eat a brunch for approximately 15 minutes (Mixed Meal Test (MMT): sandwich, juice, fried egg and sausage; 550-600kcal) and the p-glucose (mM), p-insulin (µUnits/mL) and p-GLP1 (pM) is checked after 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and120 min.
The aggregated responses to MMT (linear area under the curve minus the baseline value) over 120 min of the respective agent are compared in high-carbohydrate diet and high-fad diet. |
On day 12 of the respective diet | |
Primary | Glucemia following a Mixed Meal Test: | The study participant arrives fasted and a venous catheter is placed in one arm for blood sampling. The research subject may eat a brunch for approximately 15 minutes (sandwich, juice, fried egg and sausage; 550-600kcal) and the p-glucose (mM) is checked at 120 min.
The glucemia after the test meal will be compared in high-carbohydrate diet and high-fad diet (paired samples). |
On day 12 of the respective diet | |
Secondary | Enteroscopy: ketogenic activity in the small intestine | The biopsy material is fixed deep-frozen for later analyses.The ketonic activity is represented by the activity the ketogenic enzyme mitochondrial 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase (HMGCS2) in the tissue.
Immunofluorescence of antibodies (giving the geography in the duodenal/jejunal mucosa) and western blotting (semi-assessment compared to a steadily-expressed factor in the mucosa, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). The HMGCS2 will be given as ratio to GAPDH. The western blots in the high-carbohydrate diet will be compared to high-fad diet in each individual (paired samples). |
On day 14 of the respective diet | |
Secondary | Enteroscopy: mucosal glucose-transport capacity | A part of the biopsy-material is kept a short time (<2h) in oxygenated preservation medium. The biopsies are then mounted in Ussing chambers for in-vitro functional studies. Activity of the sodium-glucose linked transporter 1 (SGLT1) is measured as the electrogenic response of 10 mM D-glucose, Iep (µA/mm2), given to the luminal compartment of the Ussing chamber. The net change is the % change of Iep from baseline in the glucose-free condition, to Iep after the addition of glucose to a concentration of 10%. The net change after the high-carbohydrate diet will be compared to the one after high-fat diet in each individual (paired samples). | On day 14 of the respective diet |
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