There are about 3491 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Singapore. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The adenoma detection rate by colonoscopy for asymptomatic individuals aged 50 years and older is estimated to be at least 25%. It is known that during colonoscopy, lesions may be missed. Image enhanced endoscopy techniques have been evaluated for the detection and differentiation of colonic polyps. Narrow band imaging (NBI), is one such technique. The common classification systems used predict histology is the NICE and the Sano and JNET classification. The NICE classification can be used without optical magnification; it evaluates the color of the lesion, regularity of the overlying vessels and regularity of the surface pattern. The Sano and JNET classification requires optical magnification in order to assess the capillary patterns such as whether there is dilation, irregularity or loss of irregular capillaries over the lesion. In the context of adenoma detection, the results are more contentious. A meta-analysis of randomized studies examining the utility of the first generation NBI system when compared to high definition WLI showed no difference in detection rates. A criticism of the NBI system had been the dark endoscopic view; this is a result of the optical filter, and can limit the far view. A second generation NBI system has since been developed. It is characterized by much brighter illumination despite the optical filter, and thus the far view is improved. A recent randomized controlled study compared the second-generation NBI system with high definition WLI. NBI was shown to improve polyp and adenoma detection rates compared to WLI. Blue laser imaging (BLI) is another form of narrow bandwidth imaging developed by Fujifilm Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Instead of using an optical filter for white light to produce narrow bandwidths, the BLI system has a unique feature of illumination using two lasers and a white light phosphor to accomplish the visual enhancement of surface vessels and structures. This study aims to determine whether BLI can increase the detection rate of colonic polyps and adenomas when compared to white light endoscopy, with the null hypothesis being no difference in detection rates. This study will also examine the use of NICE and Sano/ JNET classification systems to predict histology with the BLI system.
Response to peginterferon and ribavirin treatment in hepatitis C (HCV) depends on viral and host factors. Single nucleotide polypmorphisms (SNP) near to IL28B gene (especially at rs12979860 and rs8099917) are strongly associated with the response to treatment in HCV genotype 1 infection, less so in HCV genotype 2/3 infection. CC genotype in rs12979860 and TT genotype at rs8099917 are associated with good treatment outcome. Asian populations have high prevalence of CC genotype in other studies, which can explain relatively good response to peginterferon/ ribavirin in genotype 1 infection in Asians compared with Caucasians.
Computer-aided diagnostic software has been used to assist physicians in various ways. Text-based prediction algorithms have been trained on past medical records through data mining and feature analysis. Currently, all text-based machine learning prediction problem models have been built on extracted data with no research completed on free text based prediction algorithms. This study aims to determine the accuracy of a free text prediction algorithm in predicting the probability of appendicitis in patients presenting to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal symptoms.
This is a single centre study. The investigators intend to recruit 20 subjects over 4 months. Patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal surgery for cholecystectomy, laparoscopic gynaecological surgery and laparoscopic urologic procedures either as day surgery, same day admission or in patients, will be included in the study. Patients will be identified at the time of listing for surgery and referred to study team, which in turn will recruit the patients. Informed consent will be obtained at the time of recruitment and a copy of consent with details of principal investigator would be provided to subjects. All data collection will be done intraoperative. Patient would be followed up once at day 3 post op period. If patients have any complications related to the study, they will be followed up weekly until the complication is resolved.
This is a randomized, open-label, multicenter Phase 2/3 study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rogaratinib (BAY 1163877) compared to chemotherapy in patients with FGFR-positive locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma who have received prior platinum-containing chemotherapy. The primary objective is to demonstrate the superiority of rogaratinib over chemotherapy in terms of objective response rate (before: overall survivial) of urothelial carcinoma patients with FGFR positive tumors. At randomization, patients will have locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma and have received at least one prior platinum-containing chemotherapy regimen. Only patients with FGFR1 or 3 positive tumors can be randomized into the study. Archival tumor tissue is adequate for testing of FGFR1 and 3 mRNA expressions, which will be determined centrally using an RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH) test. Approximately 42 % of UC patients with locally advanced or metastatic UC are identified as FGFR-positive by the RNA-ISH cut-off applied.
A proof of concept randomized controlled trial (RCT) only evaluated the National University of Singapore's (NUS) T-Rehab tele-rehabilitation (TR) system at a home setting where rehabilitation was provided on an individual level. The previous RCT was also limited to stroke patients. In addition to stroke, there are many other conditions (such as fractures, lower limb joint replacement, musculoskeletal conditions) require and benefit from rehabilitation. The primary aims of the pilot evaluation study are: (i) To document patient adherence to TR, compared to usual care (ii) To estimate the extent to which TR improves functional status, compared to usual care and (iii) To estimate the cost effectiveness of TR, compared to usual care in eight different health conditions in Singapore.
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of chlorhexidine-impregnated disk in preventing catheter exit-site infection in peritoneal dialysis patients
Collection of a panel of stool images from healthy infants/toddlers for the development of a software
The objectives of Sub-Study 1 are to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of risankizumab as induction treatment in subjects with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC), and to identify the appropriate induction dose of risankizumab for further evaluation in Sub-Study 2. The objective of Sub-Study 2 is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of risankizumab compared to placebo in inducing clinical remission in subjects with moderately to severely active UC.
Critically ill patients may need support for breathing by means of intubation, which is placement of a breathing tube into the windpipe. Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is a method commonly used and is performed by administering medications to induce coma and muscle paralysis, followed by intubation to allow the ventilator to provide oxygen into the lungs. This procedure may be filled with potential complications. During RSI, the patient stops spontaneous breathing after medically induced muscle paralysis occurs. Adequate oxygenation before and during paralysis is crucial to increase the reserves and prolong the time that oxygen levels in the blood remain above 90%, called the safe apnoea period. If the oxygen reserves are insufficient, the blood oxygen level will drop and can lead to permanent brain damage or even death. This study aims to explore if delivering high-flow humidified oxygen at 60L/min via the nostrils would be superior to current methods of mask ventilation at 15L/min and nasal cannula at 15L/min, before and during paralysis respectively. If successful, this new method would allow for a longer safe apnoeic period and increase the chances for doctors to perform intubation successfully without the blood oxygen dropping below 90%.