There are about 3491 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Singapore. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The overall goal of this research is to enhance the investigators understanding of the pathways involved in lung cancer, and to identify new biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets. By comparing gene expression between normal lung tissue and tumors growing in lung-specific C/EBPa KO mice, the investigators have identified the Bmi-1 proto-oncogene as being abnormally upregulated in C/EBPa-deleted tumors. Subsequently, the investigators have validated this observation in human lung cancer, implicating the investigators KO mice are an effective discovery tool for lung cancer research. Through similar approaches, the investigators have already identified (Sonic Hedgehog, SHH), and plan to identify other pathways which are abnormally regulated in C/EBPa-/- tumors. In parallel, the investigators will proceed to define the clinical relevance of the SHH pathway and the other newly-discovered molecular aberrations, by analyzing their expression and correlate it to C/EBPa expression on the samples of patients with NSCLC at NUHS. If the investigators preliminary data on Bmi-1 will be confirmed, this proto-oncogene may generate useful correlates that could be used in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, as well as identify new prognostic/predictive markers in lung cancer. Similarly, SHH pathway-components may behave as potential biomarkers and therapeutic tools for C/EBPa-related lung cancers. This proposal seeks to test the hypothesis that pathways which are dysregulated in lung tumors growing in a lung-specific C/EBPa KO model can be utilized as discovery tools to identify genes involved in human lung cancer pathogenesis.
Multiple myeloma is an incurable bone marrow cancer characterized by an abnormal expansion of plasma cells that secretes monoclonal immunoglobulin. Over the years, the molecular and genetic heterogeneity of the disease have been dissected. With the maturation of technologies, the time is ripe now to apply genomics to diagnose, classify, risk-stratify and prognosticate myeloma in the clinical setting and use this information to guide current treatment. The investigators hypothesize that the use of gene expression profiling as a single test will be more economical, efficient and accurate compared to the current standard panel of tests done at diagnosis. The investigators also hypothesize that the investigator can use predictive markers to identify prospectively patients who will respond to Velcade and that with more effective trebasedonatment, ability to measure depth of response beyond conventional complete response become important since more patients are achieving conventionally determined complete response. Using a cohort of patients treated on a standard treatment protocol based on Velcade-based induction treatment followed by consolidation and maintenance treatment, the investigators will study specifically the feasibility and accuracy of gene expression diagnostics, the predictive power of the investigators predefined predictive markers and the clinical utility of minimal residual disease measurement in myeloma. The results of the investigators study will allow us to improve the diagnosis, and prognostication of MM patients 1. The investigators hypothesized that this will speed up diagnosis, provide comprehensive information for the classification and risk stratification of MM patients and can completely replace the current FISH assay and may be cheaper. 2. The investigators hypothesized that TRAF3 deletion or mutation and MYC activation will identify patients that will have a significantly better response to Velcade. 3. Modern treatment induced deeper response. More sensitive method of disease detection will allow us to know the fully extent of response to these treatment
Objectives: Primary objectives: • The investigators aim to conduct a questionnaire survey in a South-East Asian tertiary institution, to assess whether breast cancer patients and their physicians would consider the use of three different kinds of genetic tests currently available to breast cancer patients: - BRCA1/2 germline testing, - CYP2D6 genotyping and - Oncotype DX® testing. Secondary objectives: To explore factors which might influence their decisions on genetic testing, including: 1. Acceptability of the tests and anti-cancer management based on the test results 2. Reliability and affordability of the test 3. Ability of the test to influence treatment decisions 4. Broader implications of the test, e.g., psychosocial, financial impact Study design: Cross-sectional study, Survey Questionnaires were developed for 3 categories of individuals: - Patients with early stage breast cancer - Healthcare professionals caring for breast cancer patients - Medical students /cancer researchers The questionnaires for patients and medical students/cancer researchers are similar. The questionnaires contain a brief section on demographic information, interest in and past experience with genetic testing. Three hypothetical situations are described to determine if participants will agree to BRCA1/2 testing, CYP2D6 genotyping and Oncotype DX® testing, respectively. 18 categorical 'yes'/ 'no' questions explore reasons for their decisions. Each scenario requires a short, hand-written response. The questionnaire for healthcare professionals contains a brief section on demographics and past experience with genetic testing. Three hypothetical situations are described to determine if healthcare professionals will recommend their patients for BRCA1/2 testing, CYP2D6 genotyping and Oncotype DX® testing, respectively. 12 categorical questions explore the reasons for their decision, and physicians are required to rank these in order of importance. Distribution of questionnaires: Questionnaires will be handed out to agreeable participants on the following occasions: 1. Patients- National University Health System Cancer Centre Level 3 amp; 4 waiting areas 2. Medical students - before or after lectures, or at personal contact 3. Cancer researchers - before or after lectures, or at personal contact 4. Healthcare professionals - before or after NUHS breast tumour board, or at personal contact Due caution will be exercised to ensure that the questionnaire is only handed out to subjects who are aged 21 years and above. No subject identity will be collected for these questionnaires. Rationale and Hypothesis: BRCA1/2 germline testing, CYP2D6 genotyping and Oncotype DX® testing have all been approved for use in clinical practice, but controversy still exists surrounding their utility, and apart from BRCA1/2 mutation testing in high-risk individuals, genetic tests are not routinely performed in Singapore. BRCA1/2 germline mutation testing is performed in individuals at high risk for hereditary cancer. CYP2D6 genotype testing predicts the benefit of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy; poor and intermediate metabolisers of tamoxifen may have a higher risk of breast cancer recurrence due to lower efficacy of tamoxifen because of less efficient conversion of tamoxifen to endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen. Oncotype DX® testing is a gene-expression profiling test performed on a formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumour specimen, to predict the risk of breast cancer recurrence and guide decisions on adjuvant chemotherapy. Understanding the attitudes of patients and medical professionals toward these genetic tests may help to guide medical oncologists in their clinical recommendations and utilization of these tests in breast cancer patients.
The purpose of this study is to determine if 24 weeks of treatment with Pegylated Interferon Lambda plus Ribavirin and 12 weeks of treatment with Pegylated Interferon Lambda plus Ribavirin and Daclatasvir will be safe and effective for treatment of hepatitis C compared to 24 weeks of treatment with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a plus Ribavirin
This study assessed the safety and efficacy of escalating doses INC280 when added to gefitinib in patients with lung cancer that were known to have dysregulation of the c-MET pathway and who had failed after benefiting on a prior treatment with either gefitinib or erlotinib.
This study was a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled Phase III study to determine the efficacy and safety of treatment with buparlisib plus fulvestrant versus fulvestrant plus placebo in postmenopausal women with hormone Receptor-positive (HR-positive), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-negative), locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) whose disease has progressed on or after aromatase inhibitor (AI) treatment.
This study is initiated to investigate the effect of a new infant formula in healthy term subjects on growth, body composition, tolerance and safety.
The purpose of this study is to collect safety and efficacy data on the IN.PACT Admiral™ Drug Eluting Balloon (DEB) in treatment of atherosclerotic disease in the superficial femoral and/or popliteal arteries in a "real world" patient population.
Studies suggest that strabismus has a negative impact on a person's self-image, interpersonal relationships, emotional and psychosocial state (4-15). There are, however, few such studies based in Asia, and the functional and psycho-social impact of disease is often neglected in our management of strabismus in Singapore. The aim of this pilot study is to measure quality-of-life (QOL) among strabismic children in Singapore so as to better understand the functional and psychosocial issues faced by these children in their daily living. The investigators also hope to evaluate the performance of the Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire (IXTQ) (2) and Adult Strabismus Quality of Life Questionnaire (AS-20) (1) and to determine if differences between child and parental perceptions exist. 60 children with strabismus presenting to the KKWCH Eye Centre and their parents will be invited to participate in the study and answer questions in 2 Pediatric Eye Disease Investigator Group (PEDIG)-validated questionnaires (i.e. the IXTQ and AS-20). 30 children aged 5-7 years will answer the 12-question IXTQ (5-7 years), while 30 children aged 8-16 years will answer the 12-question IXTQ (8-16 years) and the 20-question AS-20 questionnaires. Their parents will answer the self-administered IXTQ child-proxy (12 questions), IXTQ parental (17 questions) and modified AS20 child-proxy questionnaires (20 questions). For comparison, 60 aged-matched children without strabismus or amblyopia (30 aged 5-7 years, and 30 aged 8-16) and their parents will also be invited to answer similar questionnaires (controls). Results will be analysed question-by-question and then by composite score, and comparison will be made between child and parental-proxy measures, as well as with scores obtained from myopic children. It is hoped, that from this study, we will be able to assess the usefulness of the IXTQ and AS-20 instruments as measures of QOL in strabismic children, and to assess the feasibility of its use in a larger study looking at the impact of strabismus and its treatment in Singaporean children.
This is a study to measure the effect that various doses of LY2409021 have on blood sugar levels and on the amount of glucose released by the liver, when glucagon is given to increase these. Each participant may receive up to 2 single doses of LY2409021 in 2 different study periods, with a minimum 13-day washout between dosing periods. This study is approximately 9 weeks long, not including screening. A screening appointment is required within 6 weeks prior to the start of the study.