There are about 1320 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Saudi Arabia. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The investigators hypothesized that the use of the King Vision™ and the Airtraq® VL would reduce the time to DLT intubation compared with the GlideScope® and Macintosh in simulated easy and difficult airways. The investigators have considered to assess the efficacy of each device in manikins before considering to evaluate them in patients undergoing thoracic procedures. Twenty-one staff anaesthesiologists who had limited prior experience in using the VLs for DLT intubation participated in this randomised crossover study. Following a brief demonstration and two practice attempts, participants were volunteered to insert a DLT using the Macintosh, GlideScope®, Airtraq®, and King Vision™ on two high-fidelity easy and difficult airway simulators in a computer-generated randomized sequence. The primary endpoint, time to DLT intubation, as well as, the views obtained at laryngoscopy, ease of intubation, numbers of laryngoscopy attempts and optimisation manoeuvers, and failure to intubation; defined as an attempt took longer than 150 seconds, were recorded.
The aim of the registry is the assessment of the diagnosis and treatment of CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) in EMEA (Europe/Middle East/Africa) countries.
Hemodialysis (HD) remains the most prevalent form of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Loss and dysfunction of vascular access is a significant contributor to morbidity in ESRD patients on HD. The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) guidelines suggest that all ESRD patients should initiate dialysis with a functioning permanent vascular access with arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) preferred over arteriovenous grafts (AVG). Central venous catheters (CVC) are the least preferred vascular access for HD due to the complications associated with them. Despite these recommendations, up to 80% patients start dialysis with a CVC. One of the reasons for low AVF rates is early fistula failure (EFF). The most important causes for EFF amenable to intervention is stenosis anywhere in the circuit. Endovascular approach has shown a high rate of technical success in the treatment of stenotic lesions related to HD arteriovenous access. Percutaneous balloon angioplasty (PBA) is considered the treatment of choice for these lesions. Despite good technical and immediate success PBA has poor long term outcomes with recurrence rates of 60-70% at 6 months. One of the reasons could be the damage caused by angioplasty itself leading to intima-media rupture promoting the cascade of events leading to further development of neo intimal hyperplasia (NIH). Recently the use of covered stents at the time of angioplasty has shown better patency rates at 6 months but still not optimal. Lately the development of drug eluting stents and drug eluting balloons (DEB) have shown considerable advantage in clinical trials related to coronary and peripheral arterial disease angioplasty. In a randomized control trial, the researchers are planning to assess the efficacy of DEB angioplasty as compared to standard PBA in AVF's with EFF.
Hemodialysis (HD) vascular access dysfunction is a huge clinical problem which results in significant morbidity amongst patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), causing a severe economic burden on any health care system. Native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred form of permanent dialysis access since it is associated with the best long term outcome as compared to other forms of dialysis access. Despite the clinical benefits, many patients on HD do not have AVF as there dialysis access. One of the reasons for low AVF rates is early fistula failure (EFF). The two most important causes for EFF amenable to intervention are stenosis anywhere in the circuit and/or presence of accessory vein (av). Although management of stenosis is well established with relatively clear guidelines, the management of av lacks clear scientific approach. In a recent study researchers recommended a hemodialysis arteriovenous flow quantification-diameter (HAQ) criteria for accessory vein obliteration. The purpose of this controlled, blinded, prospective trial is to assess the clinical utility of the HAQ criteria as compared to current recommendations for av obliteration.
Randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness and safety of double (traditional) versus single (Asian) cupping techniques in chronic low back pain.
The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect of Miswak on oral malodor and to determine whether this effect -if present- is the result of the mechanical action of Miswak or the chemical effect of its extract
The expression of PD-L1 in breast cancer has been previously demonstrated (Ghebeh et al 2006). In addition, PD-L1 has been shown to work as a "molecular shield", by protecting cancer cells from cytotoxic T-cells and chemotherapy induced apoptosis (Ghebeh et al 2008) suggesting to combine PD-L1 blockade with chemotherapy. This trial will test Durvalumab in combination with Paclitaxel on metastatic triple-negative breast cancer patients. The safety profile of Durvalumab as a monotherapy has been previously established (lu et al 2015). In this trial the safety profile and tolerability of Durvalumab given in combination of Paclitaxel will be tested. In addition, the efficacy of this combination on metastatic breast cancer will be monitored.
Hemodialysis (HD) vascular access dysfunction is a huge clinical problem which results in significant clinical morbidity in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), causing a severe economic burden on any health care system. Arteriovenous (A-V) dialysis accesses are the preferred form of permanent dialysis access as compared to central venous catheters (CVC) . One of the reasons for CVC use is poor long term patency rates of A-V access. Arteriovenous Grafts (AVG) have a primary patency rates of just under 50% at 12 months and around 33% at 18 months. Native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) are slightly better with primary patency rates of around 60 percent at one year and 51 percent at 2 years. The most common cause for AVF and AVG dysfunction is stenosis development due to neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) within the circuit leading to access thrombosis. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) is the current standard of treatment for these lesions. Despite being the treatment of choice for these lesions patency rates after PTA continue to be dismal. One of the problems with poor long term outcomes after successful intervention is how you assess immediate intervention success. Successful angioplasty is defined by Dialysis Outcome Quality Initiative (DOQI) guidelines as one where only less than 30% residual stenosis remains at the end of intervention. Unfortunately angiographic images post angioplasty correlate poorly with improvement of access flows through the arteriovenous circuit. There are two main problems with these practice standards. First, they are based on a 2-dimensional angiographic view of the lesion which may be misleading. Secondly, this assessment of recoil is very subjective and not base on objective data. Access flow monitoring can now be performed intra-procedurally with thermal dilution technique. Its benefit was shown in a small pilot study. To date there have not been any randomized controlled trials to assess the benefit of such an approach where intervention is based on improvements in access flow at the time of intervention. We hypothesize that such an approach will improve outcomes after interventions related to access dysfunction. This may also identify the right scenarios in which stent placement may benefit thus improving outcomes after stent placement as well.
A highly pathogenic human coronavirus causing respiratory disease emerged in Saudi Arabia in 2012. This viral infection termed Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is associated with high mortality rate in approximately 36% of reported patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1,374 laboratory-confirmed worldwide infections, including at least 490 related deaths, from September, 2012, to July 24, 2015.2 The higher incidence of MERS-CoV infections in Saudi Arabia may be related to multiple factors, including seasonality, increased proactive screening, poor infection control measures, low relative humidity, and high temperature. Infected patients with MERS-CoV usually have abnormal findings on chest radiography, ranging from subtle to extensive unilateral and bilateral abnormalities. MERS progresses rapidly to respiratory failure, in approximately 2/3 of infected patients, which has a high mortality rate, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a rescue therapy in patients with refractory hypoxemia during the H1N1 epidemic.The use of veno-venous (VV)-ECMO provides respiratory support for patients with respiratory failure, whereas the use of veno-arterial (VA)-ECMO could be helpful in those with cardiorespiratory failure.10 However, the survival rate of the infected patients with H1N1 who required the use of ECMO varies considerably among the Caucasian and Asian countries (90% survival in Sweden and 83% in the UK13 vs. 35% in Japan). This large discrepancy could be explained with lack of satisfactory equipment, therapeutic guidelines, training of staff, and effective systems allowing patient transfer to the dedicated ECMO centres. Guery and co-investigators described the use of ECMO in two French patients with cardiorespiratory failure secondary to MERS-CoV infection.This has been extended for treatment of refractory hypoxemic respiratory failure during the Saudi MERS-CoV outbreak.
150 children aged between five and seven years presenting for the first dental visit, whose parents consented to participate in the study were selected from patients reporting to the dental clinics Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy using convenience sampling. Pulse rate for each patient was measured at different clinical situation starting from patient parent separation until end of appointment using a pulse oximeter, Data which collected was statistically analyzed using appropriate statistical analyses using SPSS ver.19 data processing software.