There are about 1320 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Saudi Arabia. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Cardioplegic arrest is an essential part of cardiac surgery which aims to allow myocardial preservation and minimise myocardial swelling ,while providing a motionless and bloodless field ,.Blood cardioplegia has proven its efficacy for several decades and surgeons are still preferring to use it for myocardial protection of paediatric cardiac surgery ,although it is thought to be more time consuming since it is given with interrupted doses, . Even when advancement has came along the field of myocardial protection and cardioplegia solutions with the introduction of Bretschneider Histidine-Tryptophan-Ketoglutarate solution ,custodiol ,in 1970 ,which is given as a single dose and believed to be convenient, simple to deliver , and less time consuming . Many Surgeons haven't change their practice possibly due to paucity of studies comparing cardioplegia solutions in paediatric cardiac surgery and conflicting reports regarding the superiority of different cardioplegia solution.The investigators aim to provide evidence that will help paediatric cardiac surgeons to choose the optimal solution for their practice .
The hamstring muscle is an important muscle that affect the performance of almost all activities of daily living. Since this muscle is a large muscle that pass across two major joints (the hip and knee joint), it is more susceptible to become tight and to lose its extensibility. On the other hand, there is no agreement on a standard protocol for the treatment of hamstring tightness. Kinesio tape is one of the options for treatment of hamstring muscle, it is a safe, passive and non-painful intervention, and if proven to be effective it will help individuals especially those with poor compliance and poor tolerance to painful stretching exercises. The aim of the present study is to investigate the acute effectiveness of Kinesio taping on hamstring muscles extensibility. 96 students with hamstring tightness will be recruited from the University of Dammam to participate in this prospective experimental study. All participants will be assigned randomly to either a Kinesio tape group, Sham tape group and control group. Outcome measures will be the hamstring length measurement by using active knee extension test and strength measurement for hamstring and quadriceps muscles by using a handheld dynamometer. Outcome measurement will be taken at baseline and 15 minutes after the intervention.
Emergence agitation following general anaesthesia may lead to serious complications like self-extubation or removal of catheters, which can lead to hypoxia, aspiration pneumonia, bleeding or reoperation. Nose surgery is associated with a higher incidence of emergence agitation. The investigators planned to evaluate the efficacy of external nasal nerve block in prevention of postoperative agitation following external nasal surgeries under general anesthesia(GA).
Cardiovascular response to exercise affects the capacity of all body organs depending upon intensity, duration and mode of exercises. The aim was to compare acute effects of arm crank with treadmill moderate intensity exercises on heart rate variability in normal participants.
Fifty two children of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, aged 8-14 years old, of both gender, with suspected acute appendicitis scheduled for laparoscopic appendicectomy, were included in this study. Patients were randomized into group (B) and group (BD) with a 1:1 allocation ratio.At the end of surgery, and after peritoneal lavage, those patients who were allocated to B group (bupivacaine group; n = 26) received bupivacaine 0.25% intraperitoneally at a dose of 2 mg/kg followed by 5 ml normal saline. However, in group BD (bupivacaine, Dexmedetomidine group; n = 26), bupivacaine 0.25% at a dose of 2mg/kg was instilled intraperitoneally followed by dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg diluted in 5 ml normal saline. In the postoperative period, assessments were made for pain and sedation on awakening in PACU (0 time) and at 2, 4, 6, 12,and 24 h. Abdominal and/or shoulder pain was assessed on the 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Sedation was assessed using the Ramsay sedation score. Also the occurrence of nausea or vomiting was recorded . The time from extubation to the first administration of pethidine was registered. The consumption of postoperative analgesia was recorded. Side effects of the study drugs were assessed and recorded by the ward nurses for 24h postoperatively. Possible complications such as respiratory depression, allergic reactions, local anaesthetic toxicity,dizziness, , headache, were recorded and managed accordingly. Duration of surgery and length of stay in PACU were noted. Before discharge to home, length of stay in the hospital was recorded and parent's satisfaction was assessed using the 7‑point Likert scale
This phase III trial studies how well active surveillance help doctors to monitor subjects with low risk germ cell tumors for recurrence after their tumor is removed. When the germ cell tumor has spread outside of the organ in which it developed, it is considered metastatic. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as bleomycin, carboplatin, etoposide, and cisplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. The trial studies whether carboplatin or cisplatin is the preferred chemotherapy to use in treating metastatic standard risk germ cell tumors.
This study was a 2-treatment period, randomized, multicenter parallel-group study. The overall purpose of this study was to provide long- term safety data for fevipiprant (QAW039) (Dose 1 and Dose 2), compared with placebo, when added to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) steps 3, 4, and 5 standard-of-care (SoC) asthma therapy (GINA 2016), in patients with moderate-to- severe asthma. The purpose of this study was to provide long-term safety data for QAW039 150 mg once daily and 450 mg once daily, compared with placebo, when added to GINA steps 3, 4, and 5 standard-of-care asthma therapy (GINA 2020) in adult and adolescent (≥12 years) patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. The study included 2 cohorts of patients: 1. Rollover patients who had completed any of the four Phase 3 pivotal efficacy studies with QAW039 (QAW039A2307, QAW039A2314, QAW039A2316, or QAW039A2317, hereafter referred to as Studies A2307, A2314, A2316, and A2317), thus providing data for a longer duration of exposure, and 2. New patients who had not previously participated in a study of QAW039, permitting an increase in the number of patients with long-term exposure to QAW039. By including these 2 categories of patients, the total number of patients treated with QAW039 as well as the duration of exposure to QAW039 treatment was substantially increased, supporting evaluation of the safety profile of QAW039.
Background: Dyskinesia has been referred to as a major manifestation of affected muscle performance and neuromuscular control of the scapular stabilizers. Alterations around the scapula with muscular imbalances could facilitate or emphasize dysfunction in its surrounding structures through compressive and shear stresses created by abnormal pull through attachments. No studies have investigated the effect of scapular mobilization with movement on neck mobility and pain. Objective: To quantify the effects of utilizing a scapular mobilization with movement on cervical pain and range of motion as compared to conventional treatment under the presence of scapular dyskinesia. Design: an experimental case-control study. Setting: Dammam Medical Complex. Methods: thirty-four patients with chronic non-specific neck pain. Participants will be allocated to one of two groups: experimental group where treatment will involve conventional and manual interventions or the control group where treatment will consist of the conventional approach only. The manual intervention will consist of a sustained corrective scapular glide during neck movement in all directions. Measurements will include: Visual Analog Scale, pressure pain threshold, neck range of motion, scapular rotation measure and Neck Disability Index. Statistical analysis: all will be done using SPSS version 22.0 for Mac. Means and standard deviations will be given as descriptive statistics. Paired t-test will be used to study the effects of scapulothoracic mobilization and exercises on neck range of motion and pain intensity. Independent t-test will be used to compare the effects of the two interventions on pain intensity Key words: Pressure pain threshold; Scapula; Intervention, Manual therapy, mobilization.
Hemodialysis patients frequently develop catheter-related blood stream bacteremia (CRBSI). Procalcitonin is a marker of sepsis in bacterial infection. this study for detection of its role as a surrogacy marker in CRBSI.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes of spinal muscle activation in cervical, thoracic and lumbar segments for subjects with forward head posture (FHP) after application of two correction programs; a conventional one including cervical and thoracic spine, and a second program involving lumbosacral segment.