There are about 3285 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Pakistan. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
The charactereistics of a spinal block varies with the dose of local anaesthetic and the adjuvant used. Literature review did not show comparison of different doses of dexmedetomidine with low-dose bupivacaine in saddle block. The rationale of this study is to determine an optimum dose of dexmedetomidine which in combination with low dose bupivacaine would provide satisfactory block with hemodynamic stability. This would be beneficial for patients scheduled for turp, as these pts are mostly elderly with various comorbidities.
Randomized, open label study of intravenous terlipressin infusion vs. bolus for the treatment of variceal hemorrhage. 24 hour regimen consisting of intravenous terlipressin will be used either at a rate of 0.5mg/hour or 2mg bolus every 4 hourly. Participants will be randomized into intervention and control arm using block randomization by computer generated random numbers. Efficacy will be assessed by clinical improvement in symptoms and signs of GI bleed. To assess safety, frequency and degree of adverse reactions will be observed. Periodic assessments until 5 days will be done consisting of physical examination, safety assessments, vital signs and lab tests.
Prospective data will be collected in approximately 200 patients treated with an TMJ replacement. Patients will be followed up according to the standard (routine) for up to 5 years after the treatment. Data collection will include underlying disease, treatment details, functional and patient reported outcomes (PRO)s and anticipated or procedure-related adverse events (i.e. complications). This registry is designed to be able to assess the number of patients who refuse alloplastic total TMJ replacement. Therefore, the participating sites are asked to register all cases of refused TMJ replacements too.
Primary Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of metformin and Vitamin D supplementation on serum insulin and serum androgen levels (Total testosterone, Steroid Hormone Binding Globulin, Free Androgen Index) levels compared metformin alone in infertile Poly cystic ovarian females of reproductive age group. Secondary Objectives: To measure change in endometrial thickness/number of follicles and follicular size by day 12 trans-vaginal ultrasound in the intervention group i.e. combination of metformin and vitamin D supplementation
Multinational, investigator-initiated study of oral anticoagulation versus no anticoagulation for the prevention of stroke and other adverse cardiovascular events in patients with transient perioperative atrial fibrillation after noncardiac surgery and additional stroke risk factors.
Severe and very severe aplastic anemia are life threatening disorders for which allogeneic stem cell transplant is only curative treatment. However, matched sibling donor (MSD) is available in only 25-35% cases. Pakistan has a population of around 203 million but there is no donor registry available so there is no option available for matched unrelated donor (MUD) transplants . Haploidentical transplant represents only curative option for patients lacking MSD. Protocols involving post transplant cyclophosphamide require Total body irradiation (TBI) and utilize peripheral blood stem cell(PBSC) as graft source. TBI is not available in most of transplant centres across Pakistan due to lack of availability , cost and lack of expertise. The investigators have conceived a novel TBI free conditioning regimen to be used for haplo-identical Hemtopoeitic stem cell transplant in acquired aplastic anemia patients
Background: Poor personal hygiene and inadequate sanitation practices among young children in Low Middle Income Countries such as Pakistan can lead to critical, life-threatening illnesses such as respiratory infections, diarrheal disease, malnutrition and developmental delays. An intervention for personal/environmental hygiene practices for primary schoolchildren will be implemented at schools in urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan, aiming to improve the hygiene knowledge and practices (K&P) amongst primary schoolchildren and their mothers (participants), while identifying facilitating and impeding factors in the adoption of hygiene practices for children. Methods: The study will be built on quasi-experimental design with mixed methods data collection approaches. To assess primary grade children and their mothers' hygiene-status, K&P survey will be held in the pre-intervention phase. This phase also includes qualitative exploration of mothers' and teachers' perceptions about children's hygiene literacy, factors facilitating and impeding the adoption of the same among school children, for which in-depth guides and focus group discussion tools will be used with teachers and mothers respectively. School physical environmental assessment will be carried out pre-post intervention. This will be followed by multi-component intervention phase with behavior change strategies to improve children's and mothers' hygiene K&P. The post-intervention phase will assess the intervention effectiveness in terms of enhancing hygiene K&P among schoolchildren and mothers, alongside exploration of mothers and teachers' insights into whether or not the intervention has brought changes in improving hygiene practices among children. Results: Paired T-test will be done pre-post intervention to measure the differences in knowledge and practice scores between mothers' hygiene literacy and practices with their child's knowledge and practices. Similar test will also be run to assess the differences in children' hygiene knowledge and practice scores pre and post intervention. Thematic analysis will be used for qualitative data. Discussion: Multi-component intervention aimed at improving personal and environmental hygiene among primary school children offers an opportunity to design and test various behavioral change strategies at school and home setting. The study findings will be significant in assessing the intervention effectiveness in improving children's overall hygiene.
This study evaluates utility of a novel technique using India Ink to aid in the identification and retrieval of axillary lymph nodes during surgery, in breast cancer patients with suspicious lymph nodes. The first part of the study will evaluate the feasibility of the technique in patients who commence their treatment with surgery. Provided its success, the second part of the study will evaluate the applicability of this same technique in patients who receive chemotherapy before having surgery.
Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is widely used in pediatric surgical patients. The manufacturer recommends the size of LMA to be used in children should be based on actual body weight but this method has several limitations. To overcome these concerns, various alternatives have been tried by different researchers, one of them is external ear size for LMA size selection. Investigators therefore would like to know whether the external ear size based method can be used for LMA size selection in pediatric surgical patients in Pakistan.
Approximately 300 patients presenting orbital blow-out fracture will be enrolled prospectively in this registry. All patients, surgically and nonsurgically treated as per standard (routine) of care will be followed-up (FU) within the registry for a period of 6 months.