There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
FibroScan® (Echosens, Paris, France) is an active non implantable medical device marketed in Europe since December 2003 and is currently used in many countries. FibroScan® is an ultrasound-based vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE™) device dedicated to liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Several clinical studies have shown the accuracy of LSM by FibroScan® to predict liver fibrosis. Some other studies have already shown the good correlation between LSM, assessed by FibroScan® based on VCTE™ technology, and the presence of portal hypertension (PHT). PHT is a clinical condition characterized by a high blood pressure in the portal vein and its tributaries and it is defined as a gradient between portal and systemic blood pressure > 6 mmHg. The development of oesophageal varices (OV) in cirrhotic patients, as well as their potential bleeding, represent one of the most severe and life-threatening complication of cirrhosis. Upper endoscopy is the best diagnostic tool for detecting the presence of OV, gastric varices or congestive gastropathy, for estimating the grade of OV and for the recognition of the presence of red color signs and wale marks or other indicators of high risk for bleeding. However these two methods are quite invasive and associated with some risks; at the same time, not all cirrhotic patients present OV at endoscopic screening. The aim of this study is the validation of SSM, assessed by a FibroScan® with acquisition parameters and algorithm optimized for SSM, as surrogate noninvasive marker for the presence of OV in liver cirrhosis patients.
Pancreatic, ovarian and colorectal cancers are difficult to treat using chemotherapy and immune therapies.Currently most patients are offered treatment with a standard chemotherapy drug depending on their cancer type. Recently, laboratory studies have shown that a drug called plerixafor may help the body to overcome resistance to immune therapy. The purpose of this study is to find out if the study drug has the same effect on patients with advanced pancreatic, ovarian or colorectal cancer, as we have seen in our laboratory experiments, and find out the right dose of the study drug to give. This is a 'dose escalation study'. Patients will be recruited slowly and the study team will closely monitor the effect the drug has, until they find the best dose to give. As part of this study, blood and tumour samples will be collected and analysed in our laboratories and the patients cancer will be monitored using two imaging techniques, CT and FDG-PET scans.
The identification of abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel from non-invasive coronary angiography remains an exciting goal. While Computed Tomography (CT) has established a clear role in patients it retains some limitations. Primarily, alterations in blood flow leading to a restriction in blood supply to tissues cannot be accurately predicted from the anatomical assessment of an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel - a limitation of both invasive, and computed tomographic, angiography. This is important, as there is now a raft of evidence demonstrating that revascularisation should only be considered in the presence of a restriction in blood supply to tissues. The gold standard method of identifying a restriction in blood supply to tissues is measurement of the fractional flow reserve (FFR), a dimensionless value generated as a ratio between the circulatory pressure before and after a narrowing of a blood vessel. At present, patients with indeterminately significant abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel identified using CT must go on to have a further test for a restriction in blood supply to tissues, prior to any decision about revascularisation being made. As part of our governance commitment to maintaining our reporting standards, we undertake ongoing audit of our cardiac CT practice. The investigators recently identified a group of patients who have undergone FFR measurement as part of routine clinical care, and compared these to our clinical reports, to ensure that appropriate recommendations were being made. It appeared that the ability to predict important abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel was reasonable (~70%) and hence we propose the formulation of a research question to explore this further. The primary objective of this study is to determine the accuracy of a visual assessment of the likely significance on blood flow of a narrowing of a blood vessel identified on cardiac CT, in comparison to invasive, fractional flow reserve. The secondary objective is to evaluate features of an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel that is likely to have a significant impact on blood flow. The investigators' working hypothesis is that cardiac CT FFR is a useful predictor of abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel.
To establish bioequivalence of flupentixol/melitracen between a new film-coated tablet formulation of 0.5 mg flupentixol/10 mg melitracen and the marketed coated tablet formulation of 0.5 mg flupentixol/10 mg melitracen (Deanxit®), administered as single doses.
A Single Dose Study of GRC 27864 in Healthy Volunteers.
Childbirth can be an extremely painful and the provision of pain relief during labour is a vital component of a positive maternal experience. The majority of women who deliver in modern obstetric units choose a pharmacological method of pain relief, including Entonox, the injection of opioids or epidural placement. The commonest opioid used in labour is pethidine administered by intramuscular (im) injection. The effectiveness of pain relief provided by pethidine has long been challenged. Its shortcomings are more serious when set against known side effects including maternal sedation, nausea and potential transfer across the placenta to the foetus. More than a third of women who receive pethidine subsequently require an epidural due to inadequate pain relief. Epidurals provide highly effective pain relief, but increase the risk of a forceps or suction delivery resulting in prolonged hospital stay. Therefore, there is a clear need for a safe, effective, easy to administer analgesic alternative.
Rationale: The PneumRx RePneu Lung Volume Reduction Coil (RePneu LVR-coil) is a bronchoscopic lung volume reduction treatment designed to compress the areas of lung parenchyma most damaged by emphysema. The LVRC treatment was found to be feasible, safe and effective in previous studies. However, patient-based outcomes besides quality of life questionnaires are hardly measured after intervention treatments for COPD. Furthermore, the exact underlying physiological mechanism of the LVR-coil treatment is unknown. Another aspect of the treatment which we to date do not fully understand is which group of patients benefit of the treatment and which group of patients do not, this knowing that the responder rate is already about 60%. Objective: The objectives of the study are to gain more knowledge on 1) the effect of the LVRC treatment on patient-based outcomes like physical activity, 2) the underlying physiological mechanism of the treatment, 3) the predictors of response to the treatment at baseline, and 4) on a targetted treatment number of coils to be placed per lung using lung compliance. Study design: This study is a non-randomised open label multi-center intervention study. Study population: The study population exists of adult patients with severe emphysema with no other treatment options left besides surgical procedures. Intervention: Bilateral bronchoscopic lung volume reduction treatment with RePneu coils. Main study parameters/endpoints: The main study endpoint is the change in physical activity between baseline and 3 months follow-up after the second treatment. The secondary endpoints are the changes between baseline and 3 months follow-up after the second treatment in: patient reported outcomes of the treatment, dynamic lung hyperinflation, static lung volumes, lung compliance, diaphragm function, lung perfusion, systemic inflammation and small airways function. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: The LVR Coil has been designed to be as safe as possible. It was shown that the risks associated with the LVRC system are largely attributable to the bronchoscopic procedure itself rather than to the device per se. Therefore, it appears that the LVRC device itself does not appreciably increase the risk of serious adverse events beyond the risk of undergoing a bronchoscopy procedure or simply having emphysema. Currently, this treatment is not commercially available in the Netherlands and study participants will have to visit the hospital multiple times. Previous studies have shown that the treatment has beneficial effect for the patient, however not all patients respond. Part of this new study is to try to identify which group of patients respond to the treatment and which patients do not. Therefore, it is possible that a patient will not receive any benefits from the treatment.
A multicentre, international evaluation of emergency abdominal surgery to establish surgical outcomes and identify common, modifiable best practice processes.
The purpose of this study is to find out whether it is better to receive a new drug, BBI608, in addition to paclitaxel chemotherapy or better to receive paclitaxel chemotherapy alone as second line treatment for gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer after prior first line platinum and fluoropyrimidine based chemotherapy.
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) affects a person's ability to move and feel sensation in the body. SCI is also an indirect cause of a persistent pain, called Central Neuropathic Pain (CNP). This pain typically develops several months after the injury. In 30-40% of SCI patients, severe CNP affects their everyday living including sleep and mood. Many patients give up work, not because of the injury, but because of pain. Medical treatment of CNP is moderately effective and costly, both to the patient and to the health care system. In previous research, characteristic 'signatures' of brain waves that are probably related to CNP have been defined. Based on this, a novel treatment for CNP based on neurofeedback was developed and clinically tested on five SCI patients. Electroencephalograph (EEG) was used to record patients' brain waves and these were shown to patients on a computer screen in a simple graphical form (e.g. bars). Patients were trained to change their brain activity at will and, as a consequence, their pain was reduced. Patients who had suffered from CNP for years received up to 40 neurofeedback treatment sessions, reducing their pain for several days after each session. The primary aim of this study is to apply neurofeedback therapy to a larger number of recently injured patients, who are still in a hospital. It is hypothesised that neurofeedback treatment will be more effective in people who have suffered from CNP for a shorter period of time. The secondary aim of the study is to define EEG predictors of CNP. EEG will be recorded in recently injured patients with no chronic pain, knowing that a certain number of patients will develop CNP within weeks or months. These patients will be followed up for a year and the EEGs of patients who develop CNP will be compared with those who do not.