There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Patients with neuromuscular diseases (NMD) can suffer from a range of respiratory problems due to respiratory muscle weakness. Cough muscle weakness means secretion clearance from the airways can be problematic, a source of infection, and importantly a cause of death, in this patient group. Therefore, these patients are often supported with devices to aid clearance, such as mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MIE). Although evidence supports the use of these devices, the optimal technique or settings on the device are not clear. Increasingly, higher pressures are used during MIE and recent work has demonstrated that there may be a physiological benefit to this. However, higher pressures increase the risk of causing lung collapse and may cause detriment to blood flow back to the heart, which is important as NMD patients frequently have concurrent heart muscle weakness. Further, recent work has demonstrated that higher pressures can cause closure of the throat, which is counter-productive in secretion clearance. The overall aim of this study is to investigate methods to manipulate MIE to improve secretion clearance in patients with NMD. The questions it seeks to answer are: (i) how can we maximally improve lung recruitment during inspiration, whilst maintaining patient comfort and lower pressures (ii) what is the smallest pressure difference required in expiration to achieve an improvement in cough (iii) do these proposed changes to MIE also cause throat closure (iv) what factors do patients believe contribute to their adherence to MIE therapy? Patients with slowly progressive or stable neuromuscular diseases will be included in the study. Participation will involve two visits to the Lane Fox Respiratory Unit, each lasting approximately four hours. Patients will be recruited from specialist neuromuscular respiratory clinics by their clinical teams.
The ORALEV Study found that preoperative oral antibiotics can reduce the incidence of surgical site infections after colonic resection, compared with no preparation. The role of mechanical bowel preparation in patients needing colonic surgery is yet to be elucidated. No randomised controlled trials have assessed the impact of mechanical bowel preparation combined with oral antibiotics on the incidence of surgical site infections after colonic surgery, compared with oral antibiotics only.
The Precision-Panc Master Protocol is a "portal" protocol for patients with known or suspected pancreatic cancer to be accrued through multiple centres in the UK, with the option of being subsequently enrolled into PRIMUS (Pancreatic canceR Individualised Multi-arm Umbrella Studies) examining different treatment regimens and/or biomarker development. Eligible patients will undergo tumour biopsy and blood collection prospectively for molecular profiling at a central laboratory and the results may be used to inform enrolment to PRIMUS studies.
This study is investigating whether acute administration of citalopram is associated with a decrease in stress reactivity in healthy volunteers, compared to placebo administration. Using a parallel-group double-blind design, participants will be randomised to receive either an acute dose of citalopram or placebo. All participants will have come in for a screening visit. On the day of the research visit (following drug administration) participants will have completed a number of widely used computer-based cognitive tasks measuring emotional processing biases. They will then complete the Oxford Cognition Stress Task, a web-based acute stress induction paradigm, which is designed to induce mild transient increases in stress and arousal. Identifying early changes in stress reactivity following antidepressant treatment will increase the investigator's knowledge of how antidepressants operate, and provide putative targets to identify early response to antidepressants.
This First-in-Human (FIH) Phase 1/2 study is designed to characterize the safety, tolerability, and pharmacological activity (as assessed by biomarker measurements) and to determine the optimal dose of mRNA-3927 in participants with genetically confirmed propionic acidemia (PA). After establishing a dose with acceptable safety and pharmacodynamic (PD) response in a Dose Optimization Group (Part 1) in participants ≥1 year of age, additional participants will be enrolled into the study in a Dose Expansion Group (Part 2) to allow for further characterization of the efficacy, safety, and PD of mRNA-3927. Part 3 will evaluate the safety, efficacy and PD response of mRNA-3927 in infants (<1 year of age).
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited heart condition. Most people who have it are unaware of any problems relating to it. Unfortunately, a small number of people with the condition can suddenly develop a dangerous fast heart beat that can lead to death. There is no cure, but implanting a cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), which is like a pacemaker can save the life of affected individuals. However, ICD implantation has its own problems, so choosing who gets an ICD is a very important decision. The current approach for recommending people for an ICD has limitations and a better method is needed. Investigators have developed a new technique called the 'Ventricular Conduction Stability' (V-CoS). This involves wearing a special vest which records electrical signals from the heart, and then running on a treadmill. Investigators have used it to identify abnormalities in the hearts of people with (HCM) who have also survived a life-threatening event. This project aims to test new tool against current methods to ascertain which is better at identifying patients who should have an ICD.
This study will recruit 400 participants who are taking part in the Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography for the Prevention of Myocardial Infarction (SCOT-HEART 2) trial. The investigator will assess diet, activity and habits at the start of the study and 6 months later. This will help us understand the effects taking part in the study may have on lifestyle. In addition, for participants who have CT scans, the investigator will present the results of the heart from the CT scan. This will help us understand how best to explain the results of the CT scan to patients.
This prospective cohort study aims to assess the utility of a panel of molecular biomarkers for predicting the risk of relapse of Barrett's Oesophagus after endoscopic treatment of early oesophageal neoplasia with RadioFrequency Ablation (RFA). Patients who received endoscopic treatment of early oesophageal neoplasia with RFA and achieved endoscopic remission will be recruited. During the surveillance visits patients will receive a Cytosponge test followed by an endoscopy with Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) magnification and biopsies. Patients will receive an endoscopy every 6 months and Cytosponge every 12 months for at least 2 years. Molecular biomarkers including a methylation panel on DNA and immunohistochemical markers on formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples. After 2 years of intensive endoscopic follow up, patients will be prospectively tracked for up to 3 years. The investigators will also evaluate: - The risk of progression to dysplasia or oesophageal intestinal metaplasia (IM) in patients with IM at the GOJ post RFA in the absence of retreatment - the diagnostic accuracy of NBI for IM/dysplasia at the GOJ .
Since no quantitative information currently exists on how effectively the pro-vitamin A carotenoid (pVAC) β-cryptoxanthin (βCX) is converted to vitamin A (VA) in humans, this proof of principle study aims to compare the efficacy of both βCX and β-carotene (βC) to yield VA from biofortified maize. This data is critical before the breeding strategy for biofortified maize is directed towards high βCX-containing varieties in order to reduce VA deficiency in low-income countries.
This is a prospective observational pilot study to investigate levels of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in plasma from patients with stage I to IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who will undergo treatment with curative intent.