There are about 25435 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in United Kingdom. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Vitamin D deficiency has long been linked to musculoskeletal pain, and many other chronic disease conditions. Vitamin D is a nutrient that functions as a hormone precursor, and wide-ranging health effects are supported by the presence of vitamin D receptors in several cell types and tissues of the body (eg, lymphocytes and monocytes, brain, heart, pancreas, intestine, and placenta).In addition to its essential role of maintaining bone health, hypovitaminosis D has been implicated in the development of serious conditions, including diabetes, various types of cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Vitamin D is a unique prohormone that humans obtain in small amount from food, dietary supplements and largely by endogenous skin synthesis from 7-dehydrocholesterol with sunlight exposure. This endogenous synthesis produces the form vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are very common in the UK. Local audit at Chelmsford has shown severe deficiency of vitamin D among chronic pain patients. The major source of vitamin D synthesis relies on sunlight exposure which is likely to be affected by modern lifestyles, which increasingly involve working indoors during daylight hours. This may be particularly important when combined with residence in northern latitudes and a cloudy climate.The proposed pilot study aims to identify percentage of vitamin D deficiency among knee pain patients by investigating eligible patients' blood for '25 hydroxy vitamin D'. English speaking patients whose knee pain has not been resolved following knee arthroscopy are eligible for the study. Study will be carried out at the Broomfield hospital chronic pain department. Duration will be around 6 months.
Ocular hypertension and glaucoma are eye conditions associated with abnormally high fluid pressure in the eye (called intraocular pressure or IOP). If left untreated, the elevated IOP may eventually cause damage to the nerve of the eye and potential impairment of vision. The use of certain drugs has been identified as a risk factor for raised IOP, including various forms of administration of corticosteroids. Corticosteroids can also lead to cataract, which is clouding of the lens in the eye that can affect vision. In this research study, we would like to find out whether the use of corticosteroids in our dermatology clinic leads to raised IOP, in order to identify patients at risk and to allow them to be more closely monitored than others. It is important to identify those patients who have a corticosteroid-induced pressure rise early enough to prevent them from permanent glaucomatous visual loss.
Endometriosis is a hormone dependent disease of women, in which endometrial tissue (the cells which line the uterus or womb) are found outside the uterus (womb). Some women with endometriosis may be infertile. However, treatments for infertility such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) or IVF with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF-ICSI) appear to be less successful, i.e. the pregnancy rates are lower, for women with endometriosis than for women who may be infertile for other reasons. Since endometriosis is hormone dependent, it has been suggested that suppressing the activity of hormones produced by the ovaries (which affect endometrial growth) may inactivate endometriosis and so increase the chances of pregnancy. Recently it has been proposed that taking the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) for 6 to 8 weeks before IVF or IVF-ICSI treatment could be used for this purpose. For our study, which is a randomised controlled trial, women with endometriosis meeting the study criteria planning to undergo IVF or IVF-ICSI at the Oxford Fertility Unit will be recruited. Study participants will be randomised into 2 arms: experimental group and control group. The experimental group will be instructed to complete an 8 week course of OCP before beginning standard IVF treatment. The control group do not take any study medication before beginning standard IVF treatment. The IVF or IVF-ICSI treatment for both groups is not altered by participation in the study. The aim of the study will be to determine if pretreatment with OCP improves IVF or IVF-ICSI success rates, such as live birth and pregnancy rates, in patients who suffer from endometriosis. The study is funded by the Oxford Fertility Unit.
The National Institute for Health Research commissioned this research with the following research question: "What is the relative effectiveness and cost effectiveness of home based support programmes in improving the mental wellbeing of older people living in their own homes?" The project will evaluate whether telephone friendship groups, delivered by the voluntary sector over the telephone, can improve the mental wellbeing of older people aged 75 or over. The research will also: 1. Identify the psychosocial and environmental factors, as well as implementation issues that may mediate or modify the effectiveness of the intervention using qualitative methods. This will include examining: 1.1. Assess voluntary sector readiness to take forward new forms of services; 1.2. The best modes of delivery of telephone support/friendship; 1.3. Assess how volunteers (facilitators) can be supported and retained; and, 1.4. The extent to which fidelity of the intervention is maintained within and across the participating organisations. 2. Determine if there is any lasting impact upon mental wellbeing by repeat measurement with all participants 12 months following baseline measurement 3. Examine whether there is any significant improvement on the physical dimension of the SF-36 at 6 months and 12 months, following baseline measure, for the intervention arm compared with usual care. 4. Measure the extent of use of health and social care, and community facilities by participants over time to determine whether the intervention is cost effective compared with usual care.
Lung disease is the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) with 80% of deaths resulting directly or indirectly from pulmonary disease. Abnormal airway clearance causes retention of mucus resulting in frequent chest infections. Physiotherapists use different techniques to help clear mucus from the lungs of patients with CF. Inhaled medications and airways clearance techniques (ACTs) are central to a CF patient's daily treatment and are often coordinated. Burden of treatment is a common reason for non-adherence in this patient group, and streamlining of treatment timings is sought to optimize adherence whilst ensuring efficacy to an often complex daily regimen of inhaled bronchodilators, nebulizers and ACTs. A gap in the research exists as to the optimal timing of Hypertonic Saline (HTS) and ACT within the daily regimen. A study to show whether the timing of HTS around ACT is significant, can better inform patients and potentially allow more flexibility around their treatment regimen. Lung Clearance Index (LCI) has shown good sensitivity to abnormalities in lung function compared with spirometry and has demonstrated a treatment effect in other trials. LCI may be a suitable tool therefore, to assess intervention strategies aimed at airways clearance in CF. This study aims to compare the effects ACTs after HTS inhalation versus ACTs during HTS inhalation as measured by LCI. It is a randomized, crossover trial of ACTs after HTS inhalation compared with ACTs during HTS inhalation in adult CF patients during day 10-14 of a hospital admission for treatment of a pulmonary exacerbation. Patients will be randomized to receive 1 of the treatment session options on the first day and the reverse on the second day. The primary objective of this study is to compare the change in LCI (a measure of lung function) at 90 minutes post treatment with ACTs after HTS inhalation compared with ACTs during HTS inhalation in adult CF patients. LCI (lung clearance index) ACT (airway clearance technique) HTS (hypertonic saline)
Cancer is a leading cause of death in individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) remains the commonest HIV-associated cancer. KS is caused when individuals become infected with both HIV and another virus, Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8). Laboratory studies have shown that HHV-8 can stimulate biological pathways within KS lesions which promotes their growth. Selumetinib targets these pathways and may therefore be a useful new therapy for KS. Phase I of this trial aims to identify the best dose for the use of selumetinib and investigate the effects of selumetinib treatment on the anti-viral treatment HIV patients receive to control HIV infection. Phase II of this trial will investigate how well selumetinib works as a treatment for KS at the best dose determined in phase I.
Foot drop deformity is a life limiting condition characterized by loss of ankle dorsiflexion and eversion. Main condition leading to drop foot condition include irrecoverable muscle and nerve injuries, poliomyelitis, drug poisoning, strokes, cerebral palsy, Charcot - Marie - Tooth disease, meningomyelocele, club foot, Friedreich's ataxia and Leprosy (1-4). Anterior transposition of Posterior tibialis tendon (PTT) is the gold standard for surgical restoration of functional dorsiflexion of a permanently paralyzed foot (1, 4-10). Two methods of rerouting the posterior tibialis tendon have been reported, one through the interosseous membrane i.e. Interosseous route (7, 10) and second subcutaneously around the medial side of tibia i.e. Extramembranous or circumtibial route (11-13). Both these techniques have been widely described in literature (4-16) and are being extensively used in surgical management of foot drop. The selection of technique depends on surgeon choice and patient factors. There is a clinical equipoise with regards to these two techniques of Tibialis posterior tendon transfer and through our study we aim to compare the clinical and functional outcomes of these two techniques. There are no studies in literature which compare the clinical and functional outcomes with regards to both these methods. Although there are many studies to demonstrate the functional and clinical effectiveness of the respective procedures, there is a paucity of clinical trials comparing these two surgical techniques with regards to clinical and functional outcomes. Furthermore there are no head to head clinical trials to compare the outcomes with regards to these two methods of Tibialis Posterior tendon transfer (Medline search dated 03/03/ 2012) we propose to compare the clinical and functional outcomes with regards to the two techniques i.e extra membranous and Interosseous technique of Tibialis Posterior tendon transfer performed in patients with foot drop as a result of nerve palsy. Through our prospective randomized trial we aim to answer the research question, whether one method has any superior outcome over the other?
The aorta is the main blood vessel that comes out of the heart and distributes blood to the whole body. In some people, the aorta becomes swollen (aneurysm) and bursts, especially as it passes through the abdomen. These 'abdominal aortic aneurysms' often occur without symptoms and can burst or rupture without warning. This usually leads to death and represents the thirteenth commonest cause of death in the United Kingdom. In this study, we are looking at a new technique that can look at the aortic aneurysm using magnetic resonance imaging; a technique that does not require x-rays or radiation. We have recently shown that, using magnetic resonance combined with a new imaging agent USPIO, we can detect 'hotspots' of activity in these aneurysms that seem to predict which aneurysms grow rapidly, and are therefore potentially at risk of rupture. We here propose to conduct a study in Edinburgh that will invite all patients who are under surveillance because of an aneurysm. We will image these patients using this novel technique and see if we can identify which patients burst their aneurysm, have an aneurysm that grows so large it needs to have surgery, or die. This will be important to establish as it will potentially lead to a new way of managing people that could ultimately save lives. This is particularly timely as national screening and surveillance programmes are currently being launched.
LEE011 is a small molecule inhibitor of CDK4/6. LEE011 has demonstrated in vitro and in vivo activity in both tumor models. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended dose for expansion (RDE) in pediatric patients and to delineate a clinical dose to be used in future studies. This study was also to have assessed the safety, tolerability, PK and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity of LEE011 in patients with MRT or neuroblastoma.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of gevokizumab in reducing the risk of recurrent uveitic disease in subjects with non-infectious uveitis whose disease is currently controlled with systemic treatment.