There are about 10460 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Australia. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
To determine if treatment with BG00012 can decrease the number of MS relapses during a certain time period. To determine if, over time, BG00012 treatment can decrease the number of certain types of brain lesions commonly seen in MS patients and slow down the time it takes for the disease to get worse. The purpose of this study is also to determine the safety of BG00012 and how well it is tolerated. Another goal is to see what effect BG00012 may have on tests and evaluations used to assess MS.
Using synchrotron X-ray diffraction, it has been reported that a hair from an individual with breast cancer exhibits a difference in its molecular structure compared to that of an individual without breast cancer. This difference is visible in the X-ray diffraction pattern as a ring superimposed on the pattern for normal hair. The hypothesis of this study is that synchrotron x-ray diffraction can be used to differentiate hairs from women with medically diagnosed breast cancer from women not known to have the disease. To test this hypothesis, hair from 2000 women attending radiology clinics for mammography will be collected, analysed by x-ray diffraction and then analysed using Fermiscan proprietary image analysis software. The mammogram status of the subjects will be blinded from the diffraction analysts. Results will then be compared with mammography results to allow a direct comparison between the Fermiscan test and mammography in terms of specificity and sensitivity.
SB-681323 is a p38 MAP-kinase inhibitor that has potential uses in inflammatory conditions such as RA. Previous p38 MAP-kinase inhibitors have been hindered in development by liver toxicity. Methotrexate (common treatment for RA patients) also has potential liver toxicity. This study was an enabling study to determine the safety of co-administration of the two compounds with respect to liver function
Study FT3.6k-2006 is a single centre (the Mater Hospital, Sydney), blinded trial of a diagnostic test for breast cancer, with outcomes compared to the gold standard of screening mammogram followed by biopsy where required. This study aims to perform X-ray diffraction analysis of coded hair samples from women with a documented breast health status, to validate the findings of James et al (Nature 398: 33-4, 1999; Int J Cancer 114: 969-72, 2005) who showed that the presence of breast cancer could be detected using synchrotron-derived x-ray diffraction of human hair (scalp or pubic). The aim is also to characterise the sensitivity and specificity of the hair test in detecting breast cancer in a screening setting, and to determine the significance of a positive hair test and a negative mammogram.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease. This means that the immune system (the part of the body which helps fight infections) mistakenly attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin (islet cells found in the pancreas). As these cells are destroyed, the body's ability to produce insulin decreases. There is evidence suggesting that repeated oral administration of an autoantigen (the same protein that the immune system is reacting to) may introduce a protective immunity and cause the immune system to stop its attack. An earlier, large scale study was done to see if oral insulin could delay or prevent the development of Type 1 diabetes in relatives at risk for developing Type 1 diabetes. The overall results showed that for the entire study population, oral insulin did not delay or prevent Type 1 diabetes. However, an analysis that was done after the conclusion of the trial suggested a potential beneficial effect in a subgroup of participants. The participants who seemed to benefit from oral insulin had higher levels of insulin autoantibodies which are directed against insulin itself ( called mIAA). The Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet study group will further explore the potential role of oral insulin to delay or prevent Type 1 diabetes in a similar group of people. The study will also include a secondary group of individuals at different levels of risk than those in the primary cohort to gather information for future studies.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be treated with drugs that kill tumour cells, stop them from dividing, or stop the growth of the blood supply that cancers need to grow and spread. Clinical research has shown that drugs that inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) or epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling can increase overall survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Preclinical studies have shown that vandetanib (ZD6474) is an inhibitor of both VEGFR and EGFR signalling. Giving vandetanib may therefore inhibit the growth of cancer cells by blocking their blood supply and by stopping them from dividing. This lung cancer study is to investigate if adding vandetanib to Alimta (pemetrexed) is more effective than Alimta (pemetrexed) alone.
Hypothesis: In selected women with node-negative invasive breast cancer treated with breast conserving surgery, postoperative accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) limited to the region of the tumour bed delivered by 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D CRT) is technically feasible and reproducible with acceptable treatment toxicity, cosmetic outcome, and local control rate in a multicentre trial.
Study on intradialytic kinetics of protein-bound uremic retention solutes during long nocturnal hemodialysis
Although remarkable progress has been made, chronic kidney disease still poses a major burden on both individual patients, as well as on society as a whole. There is a strong inverse relationship between decreasing renal function, as estimated by glomerular filtration rate, and mortality rate, especially death due to cardiovascular disease. The exact cause(s) remain to be elucidated. Uremic toxins might play an important role. In the course of decreasing renal function the concentration of numerous intracellular and extracellular compounds vary from the non-uremic state. But still increasing number of uremic retention solutes are being identified. Renal replacement strategies aim to remove potentially harmful substances from the body. Traditionally much attention has been paid to small water-soluble molecules such as urea nitrogen and creatinine. Based on the results of the recent HEMO and ADEMEX studies, increases of small water-soluble solute removal above the level reached with modern dialysis techniques - hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis (HD, PD) - seem not to be advantageous with regard to patient outcome. These findings may point to the importance of other distinct groups of uremic retention solutes. In view of the data described above, protein-bound solutes might be good candidates. Several advantages of long duration hemodialysis have been observed, including a better control of blood pressure by decreasing extracellular fluid volume, lowering peripheral vascular resistance and improving endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation. A normalization of heart rate variability and improvement of left-ventricular function was noted as well. Furthermore, anemia control has been shown to be easier and several nutritional parameters improved in patients treated with long duration HD. The therapy results in higher small water-soluble solute removal, phosphate removal and greater elimination of larger molecules (e.g. β2-microglobulin). It seems an appealing question whether a better control of the serum levels of protein-bound solutes can be achieved by long duration (nocturnal) hemodialysis. This might be another advantage of this therapeutic modality, or may even in part explain the better outcome of patients treated this way. The study compares intermittent hemodialysis with long nocturnal hemodialysis with respect to serum concentrations of several protein bound uremic toxins, as well as solute removal.
This is a phase III multi-centre study in three periods: the first period is a phosphate binder washout for 4 weeks, the second period is an open-label, randomised, parallel group, flexible dose, the third period is a placebo-controlled withdrawal comparing MCI-196 with placebo for 4 weeks.