View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Postoperative infections are a common complication. A relationship between perioperative severe hyperglycemia and postoperative infections has been found in patients undergoing craniotomy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiology of intraoperative severe hyperglycemia (BGC >180 mg/dL; 10 mmol/L) and postoperative infections (wound, urinary and prosthetic joint infection) and to investigate if severe intraoperative hyperglycemia is associated with an higher risk of early postoperative (within the 7th postoperative days) infections (wound, urinary and prosthetic joint infection).
A national data registry of patients receiving the rescue fecal microbiota transplantation for the refractory intestinal infections from the China Microbiota Transplantation System was designed to assess the short-term and long-term safety and efficacy.
This study evaluates the efficacy in achieving clinical cure in non-bacteremic urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae producers of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) in adult patients. Half of participants will receive Piperacillin/Tazobactam as treatment, while the other half will receive Carbapenems. The investigators will verify that Piperacillin/Tazobactam is not inferior in achieving clinical cure, and that is not associated with a higher risk of adverse events in the directed treatment of non-bacteremic UTI compared to Carbapenems. The researchers hope to improve the use of antibiotics in the non-bacteremic UTI, reducing the "collateral damage" related to a deterioration in the prognosis of patients and the generation of resistant germs caused by the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics as carbapenems.
China is a highly prevalent area of hepatitis B virus（HBV） infection, with at least 75 million hepatitis B virus carriers, and 80% of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Liver transplantation is currently the preferred method for end-stage liver disease such as biliary atresia and cirrhosis in children. In recent years, children's liver transplantation has developed rapidly and the number of developments has increased significantly. If there is chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the donor liver, it may cause HBV transmission, or the patient may have a low-load occult hepatitis B virus infection, and after immunosuppressive treatment, it may lead to hepatitis B virus infection after surgery.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem facing the world, with more than 2 billion people infected with HBV. There are more than 400 million chronic carriers, and 75% of carriers live in the Asia Pacific region. The mother-to-child transmission route of hepatitis B virus is recognized as one of the most important routes of transmission, and recent studies have found that fathers who are carriers of HBV may also be one of the risk factors for HBV infection in children, but as far as the investigators know. Therefore, as a high-population area in China, the purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of HBV infection in this population.
The main purpose of this study is to assess efficacy of non instrumental pleural chest physiotherapy on the recovery of respiratory function, at hospital discharge or 15 days after beginning the pleural chest physiotherapy, compared to physiotherapy with standard mobilization, in patients with infectious pleural effusion, who have received usual medical treatment.
To evaluate the Quantiferon-CMV test ability to predict occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease o treated infection after kidney transplantation. Patients studied are those already infected by CMV before transplantation ("seropositive"). Patients given thymoglobulin as induction therapy receive CMV prophylaxis with valganciclovir, while those given basiliximab undergo weekly monitoring for CMV viremia with preemptive treatment as needed.
The primary aim of this open-label, randomized control trial is to compare the immunogenicity at week 28 after 20µg HBV vaccine (at week 0, 4, 24) versus 40µg HBV vaccine (40-µg at week 0, 4, 24 week) among HIV-positive patients or HIV-negative MSM who were born in Taiwan after July 1986 and tested negative for all HBV serological markers. The secondary aims are to assess the safety of double-dose HBV vaccination, the proportions of high-level responders (anti-HBs antibody >100 mIU/ml) at weeks 28 and 48, the serological responses at week 48, and incident HBV infection (indicated by appearance of anti-HBc and/or HBsAg) at week 48.
iSpecimen aims to create a clinical partner network of hospitals, laboratories, academic institutions, and other healthcare organizations ("institutions") capable of providing researchers and educators ("researchers") with annotated biospecimens for use in biomarker discovery and validation; diagnostic test and instrumentation development and validation; therapeutics development; other medical research including the impact that various specimen collection and handling methods and conditions have on research results; and in education such as researcher or physician training (collectively "research").
This study aims to investigate the use of alpha-defensin as a diagnostic means to distinguish between acute bacterial and viral infections.