View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Cabotegravir (CAB) long-acting (LA) is a promising candidate for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) due to its potent antiretroviral activity and infrequent dosing requirements. Currently, the CAB concentrations achieved in the anatomical sites associated with sexual HIV transmission following the proposed 600 milligram (mg) intramuscular (IM) PrEP dose are unknown. These data will enhance our understanding of CAB distribution to the anatomical mucosal tissue believed to be relevant to sexual HIV-1 transmission and supplement the data to support future PrEP clinical trial development. The primary objective is to determine the PK concentrations of CAB following LA administration in plasma and in vaginal tissue (VT), cervical tissue (CT), and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) in healthy women and in rectal tissue (RT) and rectal fluid (RF) in healthy men and women following a single 600 mg IM dose. This will be a Phase 1, open label study in healthy subjects to assess the pharmacokinetics of CAB LA in the plasma and mucosal locations associated with sexual HIV-1 transmission: VT, CT, CVF, RT and RF. The study will consist of a screening period, a 28-day oral lead-in phase at a dose of 30 mg per day followed by a 14-42 day washout period, and a single dose of CAB LA 600 mg as an IM (intragluteal) injection with compartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling for up to 12 weeks. Subjects will return for safety assessments and plasma PK sampling at Week 24 and Week 36 post-injection and undergo a follow-up/withdrawal visit at Week 52 post-injection.
This study is a two-arm prospective 1:1 randomised controlled trial comparing the proportion of patients between: Group 1: vorinostat/hydroxychloroquine/maraviroc (VHM) co-administered with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) Group 2: ART only who are able to maintain HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml following treatment interruption. Subjects will be recruited from RV254/SEARCH 010, an acute HIV infection cohort conducted by the Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre in Bangkok, Thailand. The study will run for a minimum of 34 weeks from screening.
This study will assess the safety , efficacy and pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime avibactam and metronidazole versus meropenem in paediatric population (from 3 months to less than 18 years of age )with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs)
Background Information: Infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are becoming increasingly common owing to incorrect use of antibiotics and cross-transmission in healthcare establishments. These give rise to major problems in standard clinical practice: penicillins and cephalosporins cannot be used, and resistance to the other classes of antibiotics normally used, such as fluoroquinolones or cotrimoxazole, is very frequently observed. The current therapeutic strategy involves the use of a carbapenem, which represents the last effective solution on an individual level. However, the growing use thereof is contributing, collectively, to the development of resistance due to the production of carbapenemases, which will become a major public health problem, with a potential therapeutic dead-end. This observation is particularly worrying due to the very small number of antibiotic agents currently in development. Infectious disease specialists and microbiologists are thus examining alternative agents to carbapenems in the management of infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli. One of the avenues which could be developed is the use of known agents, already on the market, which are active in vitro on ESBL-producing E. coli, but which are not currently recommended for this indication in standard practice due to the lack of conclusive studies. Cefoxitin, an antibiotic belonging to the cephamycin group, could thus represent an alternative of particular interest in the treatment of infections caused by ESBL-producing E. coli, and help limit the use of carbapenems. The implementation of a prospective, randomized, non-inferiority study on ertapenem and cefoxitin is of the most interest from a methodological perspective. It will enable recommendations to be drawn up, with a high level of evidence, very long-awaited in the field. Primary objective: To evaluate the bacteriological non-inferiority of cefoxitin versus imipenem in the treatment of non-severe urinary tract infections (other than cystitis) caused by ESBL-producing E. coli susceptible in vitro to cefoxitin. Secondary objectives: - To evaluate the clinical non-inferiority of cefoxitin versus imipenem in the treatment of non-severe urinary tract infections (other than cystitis) caused by ESBL-producing E. coli susceptible in vitro to cefoxitin. - To evaluate the impact of cefoxitin and imipenem on the emergence of multiresistant bacteria in the gut flora.
The primary objectives of this study are to evaluate the antiviral efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (LDV/SOF) fixed dose combination (FDC) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in adults with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether AB103 is safe and effective in the treatment of patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTI) receiving standard of care therapy.
It is generally accepted that the fungal infection on a joint prosthesis is to be treated in two surgical time: implant removal and prosthetic reconstruction. The service took the option for over 10 years to treat bacterial infections in joint replacement by a change in time. In four recent cases the diagnosis initially suspected of bacterial infection has been restated on intraoperative bacteriological examinations fungal infection. It is therefore a potentially harmful side effect of the chosen treatment option, but 4 patients in question were all cured of their fungal infection after a postoperative antifungal therapy. The objective of this study is to report these cases for discussion on the therapeutic choices in fungal infections on joint replacement.
The primary purpose of this research is to assess the benefit of an "unaware intervention package" for identifying high risk persons who are unaware of their HIV infection status. This intervention package includes screening for acute HIV infection, contract sexual partner referral, and peer referral.
A prospective study to assess the efficacy and safety of fidaxomicin in Solid Organ Transplant (SOT) recipients (heart, lung, kidney, liver, kidney-pancreas, and pancreas) with a first-episode of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).
The purpose of this study is to determine if splenomegaly on point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is an accurate and user-friendly surrogate to the heterophile antibody test and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) serologies to diagnose acute mononucleosis infection in patients presenting with sore throat to the Emergency Department (ED).