View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Hypothesis: Plastic wound retractors reduce passage of bacteria from the abdomen to the surgical incision site in abdominal surgery Currently, plastic wound retractors are used in abdominal surgery to facilitate access to the abdominal cavity. This study aims to establish whether they also prevent bacteria crossing from the abdominal cavity to the surgical incision site. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery in which a plastic wound retractor (Alexis®)is used are eligible for inclusion in the study. Swabs are taken from the inside and the outside of the plastic wound retractor prior to removing the retractor from the abdomen. The bacterial flora from swabs taken inside and outside the plastic wound protector are then compared to see if there is any difference between inside and outside the retractor. Bacteria are classified as 'enteric'(i.e. from the gastrointestinal tract) or 'skin' bacteria, depending on their usual location. The study aims to establish whether a plastic wound retractor (Alexis®) reduces translocation of enteric bacteria to the surgical incision site.
100 Russian children of 2 years of age and less in high-risk populations (preterm, and/or with heart and lung problems) will receive palivizumab (Synagis) 15 mg/kg intramuscularly as prophylaxis to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in order to study the safety and efficacy of the drug in Russian subjects.
RATIONALE: Gathering information over time from laboratory tests of patients with newly diagnosed malignant supratentorial astrocytoma may help doctors learn more about the effect of treatment on white blood cell count and the risk of infection. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is studying blood samples and risk of infection in patients with newly diagnosed malignant supratentorial astrocytoma.
Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause liver scarring, or cirrhosis, and this usually occurs more rapidly among people infected with both HCV and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People infected with both HCV and HIV have poor response to the current HCV treatments. This phase II pilot study evaluated whether adding a new HCV medication improves response to the current standard HCV treatment with pegylated interferon and ribavirin in people with both HCV and HIV.
The study of early, acute HIV infection is critical to understanding subtype-specific pathophysiologic differences, since up to 50% of acute HIV infections may be incapacitating. This study will establish whether the patient population of the Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic is suitable for the study of early, acute infection.
The purpose of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of ANA598 when administered with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (Standard of Care [SOC]) compared to placebo + SOC.
The objective of this study is to determine whether hair clipping is non-inferior to no hair removal in preventing superficial, deep, and organ space surgical site infections (SSI) in patients undergoing various general surgical procedures, evaluated after surgery by an assessor blinded to treatment allocation. Additional goals include evaluating wound complications that arise in patients that have hair clipped and in patients that do not have hair removed and determining the impact of clipping versus no hair removal and SSI versus no SSI on length of hospital stay.
The study will compare the outcomes of treating bone and joint infections with 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics with 6 weeks of oral antibiotic treatment. The trial is of antibiotic "strategy" rather than of individual antibiotics. The study will be open label, but the primary outcome will be proven failure of infection treatment, determined by pre-established objective criteria for treatment failure. The null hypothesis tested is that there will be no difference in treatment failure rates.
The investigators earlier clinical study in 754 young Finnish men demonstrated a significant negative association of serum 25-OHD concentration with acute respiratory tract infections. The present study aimed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation may decrease the incidence of acute respiratory tract infections.
There has been an increase in incidence in sexually transmitted infections in HIV infected patients in the last years. In this study the investigators will prospectively evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections with N. gonorrhea and Ch. trachomatis as well as the seroprevalence of Herpes simplex Type 2 infection in HIV-infected patients attending the clinic for infectious diseases at the Berne University Hospital. In addition, participants will be asked to fill out a questionnaire on sexual behaviour and sexual health. Study hypothesis: STI prevalence is high in certain risk-groups to justify screening in regular intervals.