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Filter by:After obtaining parental consent ultrasonographic evaluation of right internal jugular vein will be performed in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgeries between 0-2 years of age. The patients for whom central venous catheterization is indicated will be included. The success rates and outcomes of catheterization will be recorded.
Pulmonary complications are frequent in cardiac surgery, representing an important cause of morbidity, prolongation of hospital stay and need for repeated examinations.Chest X-rays are done routinely and even multiple times to detect such complications.Lung ultrasonography is an alternative test to detect pulmonary complications that can be done easily on bedside. Regularly done Chest X-ray exposes patient to ionizing radiation which can be reduced with ultrasonography. Lung ultrasound is gaining popularity in recent years as a non-invasive,radiation-free tool for the diagnosis of various acute and chronic pulmonary diseases due to its bedside convenience, accuracy, and free of radiation.There is increasing evidence to support the use of Lung ultrasound in acute care setting and post-cardiac surgical patients are also considered critically ill. The purpose of this study is to compare diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound in comparison to chest X-ray to detect pulmonary complication after cardiac surgery in children.
This study will evaluate the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) ratio in the medical foods formulated for Methylmalonic and Propionic Acidemias (MMA/PROP) patients. We will recruit 6 healthy children between 6-10y (3 boys and 3 girls). They will be given amino acid-based shakes and protein free cookies. Using a minimally invasive stable isotope based technique, we will be able to determine the optimal ratio of BCAA to be added in the medical foods for the MMA/PROP subjects.
The world is set on eradicating measles and polio infections in the coming decade. Once both infections are under control, campaigns with measles and oral polio vaccines will be phased out. This might do more harm than good for child survival in low-income countries. Studies from the Bandim Health Project in Guinea-Bissau, and elsewhere, have revealed, that the live measles and oral polio vaccines have beneficial non-specific effects, i.e. effects on child morbidity and mortality unrelated to prevention of the targeted diseases. The campaigns are presumed to be most beneficial for children not reached by routine vaccination programs, as they are not already protected. However, studies show that prior routine or campaign vaccination may boost resistance against unrelated infections. If we phase out measles and oral polio campaigns after eradicating their target infections without considering the impact on child survival, the drastic decline in child mortality since 1990 could change direction. We will conduct the first cluster randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of measles and oral polio campaigns on general child morbidity and mortality via the Bandim Health Project. Bandim Health Project runs a Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Guinea-Bissau since 1978 and assesses child health interventions' real-life effects, via continuous registration of all interventions given to all children, and follow-up of individuals. We will conduct the trials in rural Guinea-Bissau monitoring all nine health regions. The hypotheses are: RECAMP-MV: Measles vaccination campaign in Guinea-Bissau reduce morbidity and mortality among children between 9 and 59 months of age by 80% during the subsequent 18 months in a context of limited measles infection. RECAMP-OPV: Oral polio vaccination campaigns in Guinea-Bissau reduce morbidity and mortality among children between 0 and 8 months of age by 25% during the subsequent 12 months in a context with no polio infection. Originally, the trials were meant to be implemented in 182 clusters, enrolling 21000 children. Following revised sample size calculations and discussions with the Data Safety and Monitoring Board, the number of clusters were increased to 222 and the planned number of enrolments increased from 21,000 to 28,000 (RECAMP-MV: 18000, RECAMP-OPV: 10000). To explore the hypothesis that at least part of the beneficial non-specific effects of OPV is driven by changes in the gut and/or respiratory microbiome, we will collect microbiome samples in a sub-group: A nasal swab and a rectal swab will be collected from 50 infants allocated to the intervention group, and 50 infants allocated to the control group. Two sample will be collected for each infant one when recruited for RECAMP-OPV and a second two months later.
This study evaluates the effect of virtual reality and accommodation relax technique on controlling onset and development of myopia in school-aged children. Half of the children will receive head-mounted video display which shows video with virtual reality and accommodation relax technique in combination, while the other half will receive no intervention.
This study will encompass an analysis of an eventual association between vitamin D status (maternal during pregnancy, at birth or at 5 years) and hand grip strength at 5 years in children from Odense Child Cohort. Odense Child Cohort is a large-scale, prospective, population-based, follow-up study. Mothers and their children born from January 2010 to December 2012 and resident in the Municipality of Odense, Denmark, are followed from early pregnancy up to adulthood. Data is obtained from questionnaires and medical records and venous blood samples were drawn and stored at a biological bank. Low muscle strength in children has been linked to adiposity, cardiovascular disease and metabolic risk factors and low muscle strength in adolescence has been shown to be a risk factor of early adulthood mortality. There are not many studies on muscle strength in small children. There is some evidence of vitamin D concentrations in the blood having a positive correlation to upper body muscle strength in adolescent girls. Hypovitaminosis D defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50nmol/L was evident in 27,8% of the pregnant women and 47,7% of the new-born children in Odense Child Cohort. Animal studies have shown an effect of vitamin D on regulation of muscle function and development. Studies on humans adults have shown that vitamin D deficiency can lead to myopathy. Myopathy in children as a result of hypovitaminosis D is not well-studied. Given the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, mild or severe vitamin D-associated myopathy may be prevalent in preschool children. The objectives of this study are 1) to create reference values and determine predictors of hand grip strength at five years, 2) to analyze the associations between vitamin D at different time points and hand grip strength at 5 years.
Poor control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting has a major clinical and psychological impact in patients treated with chemotherapy. Metabolic, nutritional and mechanical complications, as well as psychological repercussions, complicate the therapeutic management of the patient and can lead to poor compliance, a deterioration in the general condition or even prolongation of hospitalizations and a delay in the implementation of chemotherapy cures. The control of induced chemo- and radio-induced nausea and vomiting rests above all on their prevention. At present and in most centers, the prevention of nausea and vomiting in the pediatric onco-hematology department of the CHU de Nice is based exclusively on drug treatments, according to a protocol established according to the emetogenic risk of the chemotherapy received. We propose a study evaluating the effectiveness of the stimulation of acupuncture points by low frequency laser therapy associated with antiemetics in the management of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in patients of 2 to 20 years followed in the service of analgesics. pediatric onco-hematology.
Infections are common on the Intensive Care for both adult and pediatric patients. Adequately dosing antibiotic treatment is of vital importance but both under- and overdosing is frequent due to pathophysiological changes during critical illness. Moreover, the interplay of age and critical illness is even more understudied. To optimize antibiotic dosing and outcome of infectious disease, personalized dosing guidelines in critically ill patients are highly needed. In this prospective observational population pharmacokinetic study we will evaluate if target attainment for antibiotics is reached in critically ill children with current dosing guidelines. Using these data, individualized dosing guidelines will be developed.
Project which objective is to test the effectiveness of a classroom-based physical activity intervention (MOVI-da10!) on improving, body composition, cardio-respiratory fitness and executive function.
Project which objective is to test the effectiveness of an extracurricular physical activity intervention based on high intensity interval training (MOVI-daFit!) on improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), cardiometabolic risk, executive function, and academic performance.