View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:By 2050, the expanding world population will consume two-thirds more animal protein than it consumes today. The increase in chronic diseases associated with the generalization of these consumption patterns tend to understand the place of meat in our diets. All these elements participate to the reduction of animal proteins in favor of vegetable proteins in our food. The elderly are particularly affected by malnutrition, the prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition increasing with age and promoting the onset of morbidities. Without care, it leads to the worsening of physiological phenomena linked to aging such as loss of muscle functionality (sarcopenia) or reduction in bone density (osteoporosis) and increases the risk of falls - the main cause of dependence. However, in France, protein consumption declines significantly with age, even though requirements appear to be greater for the elderly. It is therefore a major challenge for our societies to ensure that the aging of the population and the increase in life expectancy are not synonymous with a reduction in the physical and mental capacities of individuals. Thus, it is essential to ensure that the recommendations for reducing the intake of animal proteins in favor of vegetable proteins can be applied without risk to aging populations, in particular on the human body cardiovascular risk of these populations.
Today the overall survival of childhood cancers has increased to above 85%. This increase is partially caused by treatment with bone marrow transplantation. A bone marrow transplantation is an efficient treatment against high-risk leukemia, as well as other life-threatening immunological and hematological diseases. However, it is unfortunately also related to the risk of developing a long series of late effects during early adulthood, such as low muscle mass, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Conditions known from the older generations of the general population and also conditions highly related to lifestyle factors in the general population. In the group of survivors after bone marrow transplantation, the cause for these late effects is not fully understood, as the same close association to lifestyle factors as seen in the general population, is not present in this group. Multiple studies have examined the possible causes, and it have been shown that certain elements of a bone marrow transplantation, ie. total body irradiation, are associated with the risk of developing late effects. As the cause is not fully understood, it is not known whether the treatment and preventive strategies, that would be applied in the general population for these conditions, are effective in this group. Therefore, in this study the investigators aim at examining the effect of a strength training intervention on the development of the aforementioned late effects to treatment with bone marrow transplantation during childhood. The investigators will invite a group of persons, transplanted during childhood, as well as an age- and sex-matched control group to participate in the study. Both groups will go through a 16-week strength training intervention, and a thorough health examination before and after the intervention, to assess metabolic status and body composition. If the investigators find a positive effect of strength training on muscle mass and risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes in persons, treated with bone marrow transplantation during childhood, it will support the implementation of structured training programs in the follow-up of these patients. Thereby hopefully contributing to an increased quality of life, as well as an increased life expectancy in the group of survivors after bone marrow transplantation during childhood.
To prospectively investigate the efficacy of an insertable cardiac monitor-guided atrial fibrillation (AF) management in reducing subsequent AF burden in patients with persistent or paroxysmal AF undergoing atrial catheter ablation (CA).
Video and audio data of cardio-vascular patients who visit the emergency department (ED) will be collected to build a database. Clinical information retrieved from the database using voice and image technology will be compared to that retrieved by physicians. The degree of agreement will be evaluated.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is with 25% the most prevalent liver disorder in Western society and is associated with overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and increased risk of cancer development. NAFLD is defined by a hepatic fat accumulation of more than 5% in the absence of classical causes of steatogenesis (e.g. alcohol and steatogenic drugs). It represents a broad spectrum of clinical entities from non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to advanced liver disease with hepatic failure. Most of the patients have simple steatosis, however in about 15-30% non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops, which leads to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality due to the progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with NAFLD have no or few, mainly aspecific symptoms; and generally there is a silent progression of simple steatosis to NASH and in the end liver-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the clinical importance and the potential impact on healthcare resources, there is a striking lack of awareness on all levels of NAFLD. Furthermore, little to know data are available concerning the quality of life of NAFLD patients. Additionally, the majority of NAFLD patients are currently not detected due to the lack of non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD. Most of these patients, as a first contact in the healthcare system, will be found in the outpatient clinic of the general practitioner (GP). To date, it is not clear what the burden is of NAFLD and related diseases in at risk subjects in primary care. Therefore, identification of NAFLD patients in this cohort will give information on the prevalence in the group of uncomplicated overweight and obesity and those with concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. By early detecting these patients at risk to develop progressive liver diseases and extrahepatic manifestations, it will be possible to intervene and improve health.
The County Council of Region Skåne, Sweden, has recently initiated Targeted Health Dialogues in primary care. The prevention program includes health dialogues provided by specially trained personnel, collection of clinical and laboratory data as well as questionnaire data on, e.g., individual health and health behaviors. So far, it enrolls all 40-year old Swedish and foreign-born inhabitants in the county and it will also include all 50- and 60-year old persons within a near future. A research project will be integrated within the program where the collected data will be linked, on the individual level, to national and regional data on hospital admissions, clinical diagnoses from specialist clinics and primary care, causes of death, and prescriptions. The individual linkages will also include population data on sociodemographic characteristics, neighborhood of residence and family relations. Blood samples will be collected for analyses of molecular biomarkers. The research project will examine associations between potential predictors and future risk of cardiovascular diseases and other serious diseases, such as cancer, and also whether the effect of the prevention program is modified by these potential predictors. The effect of the intervention will be examined, and whether the protocol needs to be modified in order to develop more precise and personalized medicine.
The incidence of immune thrombocytopenia increases with older age. This population is at risk for arterial thrombosis. Due to an increased turn-over of platelets, low-dose aspirin once daily may be insufficient in this population to protect against arterial thrombosis. This study is aimed at assessing the pharmacodynamics of aspirin once daily on platelet function in these patients.
Heart disease and diabetes are leading causes of death and disability in the US, especially among Veterans. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling condition that also affects many Veterans. New research suggests that PTSD further increases the risk of developing heart disease and diabetes. What causes this increased risk is unknown. However, individuals with PTSD are often less physically active and make more unhealthy dietary choices than individuals without PTSD. Maintaining a physically active lifestyle, staying physically fit, and eating a healthy diet may be important for reducing the PTSD related risk for heart disease, diabetes and disability. The proposed research seeks to assess how important these lifestyle factors are for reducing the risk of heart disease, diabetes and disability in Veterans with and without PTSD. A better understanding of these lifestyle factors and cardiometabolic health in Veterans will help to clarify how lifestyle interventions can best be applied to the prevention and treatment of long-term disability in Veterans. Aim 1: To examine physical activity participation as a mechanism linking PTSD to cardiometabolic health and functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. This study will longitudinally assess associations between PTSD diagnosis, physical activity, cardiometabolic health, and functioning over time in 250 TRACTS participants. H1-1: Total self-report physical activity will mediate the effects of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning over time, such that lower physical activity will increase the detrimental effect of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning. H1-2: physical activity intensity will moderate the effect physical activity has on cardiometabolic health and functioning. Aim 2: To examine diet quality as a mechanism linking PTSD to cardiometabolic health and functioning in post-9/11 Veterans. This study will longitudinally assess associations between PTSD diagnosis, diet quality, cardiometabolic health, and functioning over time in 200 TRACTS participants. H2: Self-report dietary intake will mediate the effects of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning over time, such that a poor diet will increase the detrimental effect of PTSD on cardiometabolic health and functioning. Supplemental Aim: To validate the use of a self-report clinical measure of physical activity against objective measure obtained via accelerometry. Objective measurement of physical activity is not often accessible or feasible for VA providers (e.g., time constraints). It is essential that quick self-report physical activity measures accurately reflect the physical activity of Veterans. This study will compare data from a self-report clinical physical activity measure to objectively measured physical activity/sedentary time (i.e., accelerometry), cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic health, functioning, and PTSD symptom severity in 100 post-9/11 Veterans. H1A-1: Self-report and objective measurement of physical activity will be significantly correlated. H1A-2: Both self-report and objectively measured physical activity/sedentary time will be associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic health, functioning, and PTSD symptom severity.
The Hangzhou Hospital Staff Cohort (HHSC) is a prospective cohort study among staffs from three hospitals located in Hangzhou, China, including the Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, and Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital. Participants recruitment and baseline survey including anthropometric, lifestyle and clinical measurement, as well as biological samples collection are initiated in January 2021. Recruited hospital staff are followed up every year during the medical examination organized by their employer. The primary aim of the HHSC study is to investigate the prospective associations of diet, physical activities, sleep, and other lifestyle factors with the long-term metabolic health of the hospital staffs. The secondary aim of the HHSC study is to integrate multi-omics data including genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and microbiome by a machine learning algorithm, to probe into the complex mediating roles of gene, metabolism and gut microbiota linking lifestyle factors with metabolic health.
The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of a 4-week lower extremity telerehabilitation protocol with aims to improve lower extremity function to a 4-week attention-controlled education program on lower extremity clinical outcomes, quality of life, and healthcare resources utilization among community dwelling adults with stroke across Canada.