View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:School physical education (PE) is one of the most valuable tools for increasing physical activity and fitness among youth of all backgrounds; however, compliance with existing PE laws is low (and differential by school race/ethnic and family-income composition, contributing to health disparities), and best practices for increasing compliance remain unknown. This study proposes to examine a novel approach for increasing PE law compliance by testing a PE audit and feedback tool (adapted from a tool used by the New York City Department of Education) in Oakland, California schools to determine the effectiveness, adaptability, and scalability of this potential cost-effective approach for increasing PE law compliance and student physical activity.
The purpose of this research is to better understand the use of heart ultrasounds to estimate heart function.
Food is emerging as the new medicine. There has been growing evidence of the beneficial effects of foods, including nuts on human health. Modulation of both glucose and insulin are at the heart of reducing the risk of cardiovascular and other metabolic diseases. The contribution that nuts have on human health has been studied extensively and it is well established that the consumption of nuts revealed improvements in both blood glucose profile and reduced the risk of coronary heart diseases. Nuts, such as almonds, are nutrient-dense foods that are particularly rich in a-tocopherol. They are excellent sources of protein (~25% of energy) and fibre, low in saturated fatty acid content (4-6%) and high in monounsaturated fatty acids. They also contain significant amounts of essential micronutrients such as folate (B vitamin) and polyphenols. Recently, strong interests on the health effects of nuts improving metabolic syndrome and controlling diabetes has been reported. Preliminary studies have indicated that the inclusion of nuts in the diets of individuals with diabetes and/or metabolic syndrome may improve postprandial glycaemic response, and lipid metabolism in the long run.
Compared with conventional artery sheath (TERUMO, Introducer II ), GlideSheath Slender® has more smaller outer-side diameter. The investigators suspected that use of the GlideSheath Slender® can reduce the incidence of distal radial artery occlusion in cardiovascular intervention via dTRA approach.
Single center retrospective study evaluating the impact of using the Quantra QPlus System to guide transfusion decisions on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
The SwissPR study is to continuously monitor patient characteristics and short- and long-term benchmark quality measures and outcomes of patients participating in a 12-week ambulatory CR program.
Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of sudden cardiac death compared to the general population. Severe hypoglycemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) and events, including cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death; likewise, increased glycemic variability is associated with macrovascular complications and increased mortality. The physiological mechanisms linking hypoglycemia and glycemic variability to CVD and CV events remain unclear. Myocardial work and mechanical dyssynchrony will be measured by speckle tracking echocardiography during euglycemia, hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes. Echocardiographic images from three experimental clamp studies - Hypo-Heart 1 (sub-study 1), Hypo-Heart 2 (sub-study 2) and Rapid-Heart - will be included in this study.
Background and aim: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Although cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an effective modality that reduces the risk for death, hospital readmissions and improves the quality of life (QoL), only a third of the patients participate in CR. The association between individual nutrients and dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been shown to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality. Every 1-point increase in Mediterranean diet score is associated with a 12% decrease in mortality. Although physical activity and nutrition counseling are core components of CR, less than a third of remote CR programs provide nutrition counseling. In the current study, we aim to compare the effectiveness of remote, web-based nutrition counseling (WBNC) to standard in-person nutrition counseling (IPNC). Methods: Patients one month or less from hospital discharge for MI, who are capable of conducting a conversation using Zoom software, will be eligible to participate. In a single-blind, controlled single-center study, a 1: 1 randomization will be performed for web-based nutrition counseling (WBNC) intervention or standard in-person nutrition counseling (IPNC). Patients from both groups will receive the usual CR program (medical follow-up and on-site physical activity). Interventions will be delivered at baseline, 45 days, and 90 days post-baseline. Follow-up assessments will be performed at 6 months. Patients will complete questionnaires for socioeconomic information, physical activity level, motivation to perform lifestyle changes, food intake, adherence to MedDiet and QoL. Anthropometric measures and handgrip strength will be obtained. Medical information, lipid profile and fasting glucose level will be obtained from patient's records. Calculated sample size: 90 patients to reject the null hypothesis (no difference in between-group adherence to MedDiet) with 80% power and a confidence interval of 95%. Expected results: The effectiveness of WBNC on adherence to MedDiet, anthropometric measures, and Qol. Our findings will enable us to identify target populations for whom nutritional treatment using telemedicine will achieve optimal results. Importance to Medicine: Remote nutrition counseling has the potential to increase the accessibility and participation of patients, thus reducing gaps in medical service, hospitalizations, complications, and mortality. If proven beneficial, remote treatment will also allow for continuity of treatment during emergencies and closure.
Cardiac pacemaker (PM) implantation is the established treatment for relevant bradyarrhythmias. Conventional PMs require 1-3 pacing leads to register the heart's intrinsic activity ("sensing") and to deliver the electrical stimuli to the heart ("pacing"). These leads are responsible for the vast majority of morbidity after implantation and PM failures. Therefore, a leadless PM system (Micra TPS™, Medtronic, United States) has been introduced a few years ago. This system overcomes the limitations of leads, however, the first generation of the Micra TPS™ only allowed sensing and pacing in the right ventricle. More recently, an upgraded version has been introduced and gained market approval (Micra AV, Medtronic, United States). According to published results from several clinical trials, this device allows sensing the atrial activity and, thus, timing the delivery of the ventricular pacing impulse in a physiological manner similar to a conventional dual-chamber PM with two leads. Clinical feasibility and safety for this concept have been established already. However, it is unclear if this translates into a direct clinical benefit for patients in comparison to conventional PM systems. The aim of this trial is to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the Micra AV™ PM and conventional dual-chamber PM systems in patients with intermittent or permanent atrioventricular conduction block and a PM indication according to the latest European guidelines. Thus, patients will be randomized to either a conventional dual-chamber PM implantation or the implantation of a leadless Micra AV™ system. Patients will be stratified for gender (female/male) and a priori estimated physical exercise capacity ("fit"/"unfit"). The primary outcome will be the physical exercise capacity of the patients. The null hypothesis with regards to the primary endpoint is that the leadless pacemaker arm shows an inferior VO2 anaerobic threshold than the conventional pacemaker arm. Hence the alternative hypothesis postulates that the leadless pacemaker arm shows a non-inferior VO2 anaerobic threshold compared to the conventional pacemaker arm. Rejection of the null hypothesis is needed to conclude non-inferiority.
Several clinical and preclinical studies have focused interest on lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], showing a direct and independent relationship of its circulating levels with the progression of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. However, to date, Lp(a) represents an underestimated predictor of CV risk, especially in higher-risk populations, such as patients with strong CV familiarity and recurrent and/or early-onset CV events. The key point of the project will be the evaluation of the role of Lp(a) in the development of atherosclerotic disease and, specifically, acute coronary syndrome.