View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:Recovery from coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a complex process involving physical recuperation and psychological adjustment. The high prevalence of postoperative depression in this population may threaten optimal recovery. Peer support over the recovery period has promise to mitigate this threat. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a professionally-guided telephone peer support intervention on recovery outcomes including depression, social support and health care resource utilization. In a randomized controlled trial, 185 male CABG surgery patients randomly assigned to an intervention (n=61) or usual care (n=124) group. Participants in the intervention group received weekly telephone calls from a peer volunteer over 6 weeks post discharge. At hospital discharge and at 6 and 12 weeks follow up, depression was measured using the Beck Depression Scale-II, social support was measured using the Shortened Social Support Scale and health care resource utilization was measured using items in the Postoperative Self Report of Recovery Questionnaire. Participants in the intervention group were also asked questions about their perceptions regarding peer support using the Peer Support Evaluation Inventory.
Despite advances in treatment of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, patients with kidney disease remain at high risk for fatal cardiac events. To date, kidney disease affects approximately 2 million Canadians; however, this patient population remains grossly understudied due to the complex nature of the disease. The inadequacy of the literature to address the cardiovascular-related mortality rates in those with kidney disease reflects the urgent need for investigation of novel risk factors. One cardiovascular risk factor which has recently been validated is the clinical measurement of cardiac autonomic tone (CAT). CAT refers to the amount of activity contributed by the stimulatory and inhibitory limbs of the cardiac autonomic nervous system, which work in concert with one another to control heart rate. CAT can be quantified computer analysis of heart rate over time, captured by a simple Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. Abnormal CAT, which occurs when the autonomic system does not control heart rate properly in response to physical demands or stress, is associated with risk of adverse cardiovascular events in both healthy and high risk populations. It has recently been shown that patients with severe kidney disease demonstrate significant CAT abnormalities, thus exaggerated susceptibility to cardiac death. Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is also common in this patient population due to the fact that the kidney plays a crucial role in VD metabolism. Given that VD deficiency is an established cardiovascular risk factor on its own, it is possible that kidney disease patients experienced compounded risk due to the combination of VD deficiency and abnormal CAT. However, no study has ever investigated whether VD deficiency influences CAT in healthy or diseased populations. To our knowledge, this will be the first trial to ever examine the effect, if any, of different VD supplementation treatments (standard of care vs. combination) on CAT in a population burdened with overwhelming risk and incidence of cardiovascular and sudden cardiac death risk.
In western societies hypercholesterolemia is one of the major and independent factors that predispose to cardiovascular disease and death from them. According to the clinical study ATTICA, conducted during the years 2001-2002, in which randomized 1514 men and 1528 women, rates of hypercholesterolemia observed in a sample of urban population was 39% for men and 37% women . The prevalence in the corresponding U.S. epidemiological study NIANES was 52% for men and 49% women. The relationship between cholesterol, lipid-lowering therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease appears to be quite clear in the secondary prevention trials, the 4S (Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study), CARE (Cholesterol And Recurrent Events) and LIPID (Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease) which showed the benefits of lowering LDL cholesterol in patients with coronary artery disease. Despite these remarkable results, studies were secondary prevention as a major shortcoming, the lack of patients with acute coronary events. This gap came to cover the study MIRACL (Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering). In MIRACL study , atorvastatin 80 mg was evaluated in 3,086 patients (atorvastatin n = 1.538, placebo n = 1.548), acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction without Q-wave or unstable angina). Treatment was initiated during the acute phase after hospital admission and lasted for a period of 16 weeks. Treatment with atorvastatin 80 mg / day increased the latency of the combined primary endpoint, defined as death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or angina with objective evidence of myocardial ischemia requiring admission to hospital, indicating a risk reduction of 16% (p = 0,048). This was mainly due to a 26% reduction in re-hospitalization for angina with objective evidence of myocardial ischemia. The other secondary endpoints were not statistically significant by themselves (total: placebo: 22.2%, Atorvastatin: 22.4%). Statins by reducing coronary syndromes, it appears that contribute to reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. This is exactly what was observed in 4S, in which the incidence of chronic heart failure (CHF) during follow-up was 10.3% for those who received placebo and 8.3% in the simvastatin group, a finding which translates 19% reduction in heart failure (P <0,015) nationwide with the appearance episode (event) CV.
Centralized Pan-Algerian Survey on the undertreatment of hypercholesterolemia. The purpose of this study is to establish the proportion of patients on lipid-lowering pharmacological treatment reaching the LDL-C goals according to the Third Joint European Task Force guidelines in the survey population.
The purpose of this study is to measure the beneficial effects of an optimized berries extracts on diabetes and cardiovascular diseases prevention. Our hypothesis is that including a polyphenol rich berries extract in daily feeding will improve insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, pancreatic β-cells function, lipids and inflammatory profile, and oxidative stress markers.
Working hypothesis and aims: The aim of our study is to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency could cause increased thrombin generation and a hypercoagulable state healthy volunteers. Methods: In total 400 healthy volunteers are planned for inclusion in this trial. After signing an informed consent two blood samples will be obtained from each participant. Expected results: invastigator expect to find that volunteers with vitamin D deficiency will have thrombin generation curve compatible with hypercoagulable state and returning to normal after treatment with vitamin D
The most important cause of mortality amongst DM2 patients is cardiovascular disease. An early finding of cardiovascular disease in DM2 and obesity is diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality and has been shown to improve in patients on a low calorie diet. The improvement of diastolic function was associated with a reduction in triglyceride accumulation in the heart and liver. A relatively new widely prescribed therapeutic agent for DM2 patients is Liraglutide (Victoza®). Liraglutide is a Glucagon Like Peptide - 1 homologue that improves glucose homeostasis and reduces blood pressure and body weight. Next to the induction of weight loss, which is potentially beneficial for cardiac function, GLP-1 therapy might have a direct advantageous effect on the cardiovascular system. However, the effect of Liraglutide on cardiovascular function has not been investigated yet. The investigators hypothesize that treatment of DM2 patients with Liraglutide is associated with improvement of cardiovascular function and a reduction of triglyceride accumulation in end-organs.
The reference intervals for Sonoclot Analysis may be different between Chinese and American. So far, no reference interval has been established in Chinese for Sonoclot Analysis. This study is going to establish the first Chinese reference intervals for Sonoclot Analysis and test whether they are different from American reference intervals.
The investigators will generate pressure-flow loops and pressure-volume loops from aortic and left ventricular pressure waveforms and Doppler (desc. aorta) flow waveforms and compare left ventricular to arterial pressure-flow and pressure-volume loops as well as to cardiac power from the USCOM 1A device. The goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that non-invasive estimates of cardiac pressure-volume work (derived from ultrasound-based measurements) correlate with invasive estimates.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of stearidonic acid when used as a food ingredient on eicosapentaenoic enrichment of red blood cell membranes and Omega-3 Index in men and women.