View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Disease.
Filter by:The project aims to examine the efficacy of a 12-week intake of alginate based ready to drink supplement on development in body weight and body composition, and risk markers for type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in obese subjects.
This is a multi-center trial that will evaluate the safety, feasibility, and cost effectiveness of discharging patients, who have had successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and deployment of the AngiomaxTM closure device, 6 hours after against 24 hours after the procedure. Patients will be randomized in a 3 (test): 1 (control) fashion and will have a study population of 600 patients over 6 investigational sites all within the United States. Patients <65 years old will be chosen in order to stay within the low risk group and will be followed up after 24 hours, 7 days, and 30 days via phone or office visit. The primary endpoint will be a composite of major adverse cardiac and cerebral events, and the incidence of major bleeding or vascular complications. Data acquired from the study, such as blinded financial information and patient satisfaction surveys, will be used in order to evaluate cost analysis and safety of the procedure.
Endothelial dysfunction, or abnormal functioning of the lining of blood vessels, appears to be a key process in the development of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial dysfunction appears to be caused by both sleep disordered breathing and obesity. As endothelial dysfunction is among the first clinical marker that predicts future cardiovascular events, understanding molecular mechanisms leading to impairment of endothelial function is very important. Endothelial function requires the proper functioning of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). eNOS activity is tightly regulated by caveolin-1, a protein important in the formation of cellular structures called caveolae. Low levels of caveolin-1 facilitate optimal nitric oxide synthesis in endothelial cells as caveolin-1 helps to spatially organize eNOS in close proximity to signaling proteins that are important for eNOS activation. In certain diseases however, the balance of caveolin-1 and eNOS can be disrupted resulting in impaired nitric oxide synthesis and leading to endothelial dysfunction. The investigators therefore seek to characterize levels of caveolin-1, and correlate this with the presence or absence of sleep disordered breathing, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The current IRB protocol covers the performance of fat biopsies on subjects who have recently completed a sleep study either in the Center for Sleep Medicine or in our sleep laboratory and were found to have sleep disordered breathing or no sleep disordered breathing, subject with sleep disordered breathing who have been treated successfully with continuous positive airway pressure for 3-6 months, and subjects undergoing other studies in our lab who are obese or non-obese and subjects who have known cardiovascular disease and subjects without known cardiovascular disease.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 6 months moderate intensity exercise training completed three times per week upon traditional and emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors in postmenopausal women both with and without type 2 diabetes. These risk factors include blood markers associated with increased risk such as cholesterol, insulin, glucose and markers of inflammation plus measures of body fat, heart and lung fitness, vascular stiffness and vascular function. The study hypothesised that moderate intensity exercise training would intervene in the exaggerated risk seen in women following the menopause, especially in those with type 2 diabetes.
Health outcome studies should examine food patterns, because foods are consumed together and nutrients are metabolized jointly. To examine associations between food patterns and markers of systemic and vascular inflammation at baseline, in a population-based cohort in Malmö, Sweden, and after 13 years of follow-up food pattern associations with CVD incidence.
Cardiovascular diseases belong to the major causes of mortality in western populations, and atherosclerosis is the lesion responsible for clinical events, such as acute myocardial infarction and stroke. Atherosclerosis remains asymptomatic until a clinical event occurs, and in the pre-clinical stage it may be difficult to diagnose. As disease surrogate, a large number of risk factors for atherosclerosis are being recognized. Some of them are responsible for the epidemiologically very serious metabolic syndrome, which accounts for development of hyperlipidemia, obesity, diabetes or arterial hypertension. Health providers in continental diet-based countries suggest to embracing Mediterranean diet in order to contribute in reducing cardiovascular mortality. However, countries in the Mediterranean area are experiencing a shift in dietary habit towards continental diet with potential harmful change in mortality rates. Oxidative stress, including free radical-driven reactions and antioxidant status are considered important mediators to be considered in the diet-mediated effect on health. Important metabolic functions are also mediated by certain fatty acids. A comprehensive study of oxidative stress, including free radical-driven products and protective antioxidants, and fatty acids metabolism has never been reported in healthy subjects. In particular, high sensitive mass-spectrometry methods to study oxidative stress and fatty acids metabolism are rarely applied to epidemiological studies. The aim of the present grant project is therefore to assess in a large cross-sectional study the prevalence of oxidative stress markers, and fatty acids and to find any causal relation between these variables and metabolic syndrome. This population sample will be followed prospectively not only for time of the present grant project, but we would like to study metabolic variables with relation to the development of oxidative stress-mediated diseases, in particular those of cardiovascular system, on a longitudinal basis (prospective epidemiological study for at least 10 years). At same time we should be able to define the importance of individual markers of oxidative stress and fatty acids for early detection of these diseases.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether non-invasive atherosclerotic measurements (baPWV, IMT, FMD, CACS, ABI) are valuable predictors for cardiovascular events in elderly. At inception, routine physical examination and non-invasive atherosclerotic measurements will conducted on all participants. Then they will be followed prospectively for at least 2 years. All cardiovascular and other health events will be recorded.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to rank high among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. While diet and increased physical activity constitute the primary preventive health approach, the role of plant-based bioactive compounds has attracted much attention due to their unique cardio-protective benefits. Several epidemiological studies suggest that dietary patterns characterized by relatively high intake of fruits and vegetables are significantly associated with reduced risks of coronary heart disease and stroke. Dietary bioactive compounds are potent anti-oxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, thereby counteracting oxidative damage and inflammation, which underlie the pathogenesis of CVD. However, this area is really lacking of a good set of chemistry, bioavailability and efficacy data that is vital for nutrition researchers and doctors to emphasize their role in the prevention and treatment of clinical outcomes at different stage of CVD, and dissemination of this information to the general public. Cambridge Theranostics has focused its efforts on developing products that can prevent the damaging oxidation of lipoproteins that leads to heart attacks and stroke, and on understanding the cause of that damage. Extensive literature shows that Lycopene, Resveratrol and Soy Isoflavones are key ingredients in diets that long been known to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke. However, they are normally poorly absorbed (not 'bioavailable'). The investigators unique production process presents Lycopene, Soy Isoflavones and Resveratrol to the body in a form that it can easily absorb and use. The aim of the current study is to perform and compare bioavailability and absorption of those three different dietary antioxidants and their combinations. The study is funded by Cambridge Theranostics and will be done on healthy volunteers of various ages with 30 people in each product group. It will be conducted on the primacies of Cambridge Theranostics in Babraham Research Campus. And managed by the team of experienced professionals employed by Cambridge Theranostics. The study will last about 12 months including recruitment process, screening process, periodical blood samples collection and examination and statistical analyses at the end.
General practitioners (GPs) and patients find it difficult to talk about risk of future disease, especially when patients have asymptomatic conditions, and treatment options are unlikely to cause immediate perceptible improvements in well-being. Further studies in risk communication for disease prevention are needed, as are studies about risk communication training for GPs. Aim: 1) to systematically develop, describe and evaluate a complex intervention comprising a training programme for GPs in risk communication and shared decision-making, 2) to evaluate the effect of the training programme on real-life consultations between GPs and patients with high cholesterol levels, and 3) to evaluate patients' reactions during and after the consultations. Hypothesis: 1) patients have better adherence to chosen treatment. The effect of the complex intervention, based around a training programme, will be evaluated in a cluster-randomised controlled trial with an intervention group and an active control group with 40 GPs and 280 patients in each group. The GPs receive a questionnaire at baseline and after 6 months about their attitudes towards risk communication and cholesterol-reducing medication. After each consultation with a participating high cholesterol-patient, the GPs will complete a questionnaire about decision satisfaction. The patients will receive a questionnaire at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. It includes questions about adherence to chosen treatment, self-rated health, patient enablement, and risk communication and decision-making effectiveness. Prescriptions, contacts to the health services, and cholesterol level will be drawn from the register of the National Health Service of Denmark at baseline and at 6 months. In both intervention group and active control group, 12 consultations will be observed and tape-recorded. The consultations will be divided between 4 GPs with each 3 patients. The patients from these 24 consultations will be interviewed immediately after the consultation and re-interviewed after 6 months.Eight purposefully selected GPs from the intervention group will be interviewed in a focus group 6 months after participation in the training programme. The process and context of the RISAP-study will be investigated in detail using an action research approach, in order to describe and analyse research choices, adaptation of intervention model to the specific context, and GPs' and patients' reactions to trial participation.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease and certain cells (T-regulatory cells) in the body that play a role in plaque formation in arteries. This study will determine the levels of Vitamin D and T-regulatory cells in subjects with coronary artery disease and if Vitamin D supplementation will affect future events such as heart attach and stroke.